Diversion Systems in the WDB and NHD March, 2012 Source: Getty Images Karen Hanson, U.S. Geological Survey Kristiana Elite, U.S. Geological Survey Keith Larson, U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service

Overview Diversions in NHD Modification field changes to WBD Purpose of NHD/WBD diversions project NHD/WBD Diversion comparison Central Arizona Project-pilot Acquiring diversion data

Overview Diversions in NHD Modification field changes to WBD Purpose of NHD/WBD diversions project Central Arizona Project-pilot Acquiring diversion data

Overview Diversions in NHD Modification field changes to WBD Purpose of NHD/WBD diversions project Central Arizona Project-pilot Acquiring diversion data

Overview Diversions in NHD Modification field changes to WBD Purpose of NHD/WBD diversions project Central Arizona Project-pilot WBD vs. NHD diversion comparison Acquiring diversion data

Overview Diversions in NHD Modification field changes to WBD Purpose of NHD/WBD diversions project Central Arizona Project-pilot Acquiring diversion data

What is a Diversion? Engineered structure Withdrawal conveyance Receiving damcanal, pipeline reservoir, treatment plant Water rights Wind River Diversion Dam. Source: Wikipedia

Composition of a Diversion Canals Underground Pipelines Dams Water Treatment Plants Reservoirs Pumping Station NHD

Points, Lines, and Polygons Canals Underground Pipelines Dams Water Treatment Plants Reservoirs Pumping Station NHD

Conveyance Features: Pipelines Source: Getty Images Underground Underwater Elevated At or near surface Aqueduct Siphon Penstock NHD

Withdrawing / Receiving Points Withdrawals Colorado River Aqueduct Colorado River Aqueduct Central Arizona Project Aqueduct (CAP) Central Arizona Project Aqueduct (CAP) Withdrawals Parker Dam NHD

Trans - Basin Diversions 4-digit (Subregion) 2-digit (Region) 8-digit (Subbasin) WBD

Modification Field - Change Reasons to change the way WBD Modifications were reported: Lines and polygon modifications both were carried on the polygon label. Line modifications should be on the lines! 27 options were available on poly….now 15 line, and 16 poly Many of the items reported were in duplication with what NHD carries Interpretation of Modification fields were inconsistent across the nation Redundant to track at both the 10- and 12-digit hydrologic unit WBD

Modification Field Options – Version 1.0 Standards WBD POLYGON MODIFICATION OPTIONS AD Aqueduct BC Barge Canal or Navigation Canal CD Channel Diversion DD Drainage Ditch DM Dam at Outlet GC General Canal/Ditch GF Ground-Water Flow GL Glacier ID Irrigation Ditch IF Ice Field IT Interbasin Transfer KA Karst LALava MA Mining Activity NC Noncontributing Area NM No Modifications OC Overflow Channel or Flume OFOverbank Flow OT Other PD Pipe Diversion PS Pumping Station RS Reservoir SC Stormwater Canal or Drainage Canal SD Stormwater Ditch SI Siphon TFTransportation Feature UA Urban Area

Modification Field Options – V 3.0 Standards WBD LINE MODIFICATION OPTIONS AW Artificial Waterway DMDam at Outlet LALava LELevee MA Mining Activity NM No Modifications OC Overflow Channel or Flume OFOverbank Flow PD Pipe Diversion PLPlaya PS Pumping Station SISiphon SLShoreline TFTransportation Feature UA Urban Area POLYGON MODIFICATION OPTIONS AW Artificial Waterway GFGroundwater Flow GLGlacier IFIce Field KAKarst LALava Field MA Mining Activity NC Noncontributing Area NM No Modifications OC Overflow Channel or Flume OFOverbank Flow PD Pipe Diversion RCReceiving RSReservoirPlaya UA Urban Area WDWithdrawal * WBD will carry a new flow table providing linkage between the RC Receiving and WD Withdrawal

RC Receiving A hydrologic unit that receives diverted water

WD Withdrawal A hydrologic unit from which water is diverted

Modifications Applied-Before WBD

Modifications Applied-After WBD AW,UA NM AW,UA UA AW LE TF LE AW,UA TF LE UA LE

Purpose Provide the nation a single and comprehensive understanding of how water is diverted in the U.S. Exploit already available knowledge in the WBD and NHD, but more fully develop and populate the structure that we have, and acquire the information that is still needed Delivery-A Web Service that offers the public easy access, and a more sophisticated system for the scientist A user can select on a “Receiving” or “Withdrawing” hydrologic unit and navigate up or downstream and see the connectivity, and relationship to the NHD Goal to implement this nationwide

Central Arizona Project (CAP) Phoenix Tucson Colorado River Central Arizona Project Aqueduct 336 miles 1.5 milllion acre/ft a year 336 miles 1.5 milllion acre/ft a year

Two Complementary Approaches NHD WBD Phoenix Tucson Colorado River

Two Complementary Approaches NHD WBD Conveyance Location Path and geometry of diversion Phoenix Tucson Colorado River

Two Complementary Approaches NHD WBD Conveyance Location Path of diversion Points of withdrawal / receiving Phoenix Tucson Colorado River

Two Complementary Approaches NHD Conveyance Location Path of diversion Points of withdrawal / receiving WBD Hydrologic Unit Phoenix Tucson Colorado River

Two Complementary Approaches NHD Conveyance Location Path of diversion Points of withdrawal / receiving WBD Hydrologic Unit Withdrawal / receiving units (flow table) Phoenix Tucson Colorado River

Phoenix Tucson Colorado River Two Complementary Approaches NHD Conveyance Location Path of diversion Points of withdrawal / receiving WBD WD RC Hydrologic Unit Withdrawal / receiving units (flow table) Modification fields NHD WBD

Inter-Basin Transfer Flow Table

CAP Overview

1 WD (at Colorado River) Many RC (along CAP Canal) WBD Coding Overview Coding in WBD has been simplified, and is also more useful in understanding where water is going

First option for collection of data = CAP (actual entity) Data provided from CAP => turnouts, recharge facilities, flumes, and much more Secondary option is the water consumers (i.e. municipalities, tribes, irrigation districts) Data Collection

CAP Receiving can be categorized into 4 types of water use CAP Turnouts Turnouts are most useful in determining RC from CAP

Agriculture

Municipal

Recharge

Tribal

Imagery – The third option

Diversions in NHD / WBD are Important! Colorado River Photo courtesy of Jonathan Waterman

Contact Information: Karen Hanson: Kristiana Elite: Keith Larson: Thank You