Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate

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Presentation transcript:

Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate Micro- and mini hydropower

NVE’s main responsibility The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate is a directorate under the Ministry of Petroleum end Energy and is responsible for the management of Norway’s water and energy resources. NVEs function is to ensure an integrated and environmentally sound management of Norway’s water resources, promote an efficient energy market and cost-effective energy system and take initiative to promote efficient energy use. The Directorate has a central role in national flood contingency planning and has the overall responsibility for maintaining national power supplies.

Organization chart

Micro- and mini hydropower Micro- and Mini Hydropower in Norway focus on rural electrification and/or extra income/ reduced expenses for the farmer

Micro- and mini hydropower Micro hydro is power stations less than 100 kW Mini hydro is power stations between 100 and 1000 kW Small hydro is power stations between 1000 kW and 10 000 kW . The phrase “small hydro” is also often used for all power stations less the 10 000 kW.

Micro- and mini hydropower Norway started generation of electricity from hydro power development 120 years ago. Over a period of 50 years a large number of small hydro was commissioned, and in 1929 we had more than 1300 stations in operation with output less than 1000 kW. The technology was purchased from Germany and England, and the power enhanced local production of furniture, cloths and other products, which benefited from new electrical machinery.

Micro- and mini hydropower number I 1929 var det ca 1300 kraftverk under 1000 kW I 1946 var det ca 1800 kraftverk i drift med ytelse under 1000 kW I 1991 var det registrert 170 kraftverk med ytsle UNDER 100 kW som samlet ga 5 MW. Det var 130 kraftverk med ytelse MELLOM 100 og 1000 kW som samlet ga 55 MW. I 2000 registrerte vi 172 kraftverk knyttet til nettet med samlet ytelse 53 MW og produksjon 245 GWh For 2002 kan det anslåes ca 350 kraftverk i drift inklusive de 130 kraftverk i 1991 som hadde ytelse under 100 kW. I perioden 1996 til 2002 har NVE behandlet ca 400 ulike søknader som samlet gir en produksjonsgevinst på ca 125 GWh.

Micro- and mini hydropower NVE supported projects 1999 - 2000: SKM project: Lessons learned by implementing micro- and mini hydro in Norway. 2000- 2001:Small hydro union, detailing issues derived from the SKM project and other new information. 2000 - 2002:MGK project highlighted development in protected rivers, and micro - and mini hydropower influence on the local economy. 1 SKM prosjektet ble støttet av NVE, Statens Landbruksbank og Skandinavisk kraftmegling Arbeid i 1999-2000 2 Norskog prosjektet ble støttet av NVE med 1 750 000 kr, arbeid i perioden 2000 - 2001 3 Midtre Gauldal prosjektet ble støttet av NVE med kr 750 000. Arbeid i perioden 2000 - 2001

Micro- and mini hydropower NVE supported projects - SKM Results 1 SKM prosjektet ble støttet av NVE, Statens Landbruksbank og Skandinavisk kraftmegling Arbeid i 1999-2000 2 Norskog prosjektet ble støttet av NVE med 1 750 000 kr, arbeid i perioden 2000 - 2001 3 Midtre Gauldal prosjektet ble støttet av NVE med kr 750 000. Arbeid i perioden 2000 - 2001

Micro- and mini hydropower NVE supported projects - SKM Results The rules and regulations are difficult to understand A guide book is needed The different authorities (NVE, Directorate for Nature conservation, County and Municipality) should co-ordinate their control and licensing work better 1 SKM prosjektet ble støttet av NVE, Statens Landbruksbank og Skandinavisk kraftmegling Arbeid i 1999-2000 2 Norskog prosjektet ble støttet av NVE med 1 750 000 kr, arbeid i perioden 2000 - 2001 3 Midtre Gauldal prosjektet ble støttet av NVE med kr 750 000. Arbeid i perioden 2000 - 2001

Micro- and mini hydropower NVE supported projects - SKM Results NVE must implement the same tariff and policy in all the distribution companies NVE must secure that adequate information is available and regularly updated. It is a need to improve know-how and access to information on the electricity market 1 SKM prosjektet ble støttet av NVE, Statens Landbruksbank og Skandinavisk kraftmegling Arbeid i 1999-2000 2 Norskog prosjektet ble støttet av NVE med 1 750 000 kr, arbeid i perioden 2000 - 2001 3 Midtre Gauldal prosjektet ble støttet av NVE med kr 750 000. Arbeid i perioden 2000 - 2001

Micro- and mini hydropower NVE supported projects - SKM Results Need for improved financing pakages and know-how Need for technical guiding. 25% had experienced problems with intake, and 30% had bad experience with the electro- and mechanical equipment. 1 SKM prosjektet ble støttet av NVE, Statens Landbruksbank og Skandinavisk kraftmegling Arbeid i 1999-2000 2 Norskog prosjektet ble støttet av NVE med 1 750 000 kr, arbeid i perioden 2000 - 2001 3 Midtre Gauldal prosjektet ble støttet av NVE med kr 750 000. Arbeid i perioden 2000 - 2001

Micro- and mini hydropower NVE supported projects - MGK Results 62 possible hydropower plants are located The plants will have a total capacity between 5 and 15 MW, and produce 50-90 GWh depending on release of compensation water Approximately 100% of electricity consumption in the Municipality could be covered I 1946 var det ca 188 kraftverk i drift med ytelse under 1000 kW I 1991 var det registrert 170 kraftverk med ytsle UNDER 100 kW som samlet ga 5 MW. Det var 130 kraftverk med ytelse MELLOM 100 og 1000 kW som samlet ga 55 MW. I 2000 I 1991 var det

Micro- and mini hydropower NVE supported projects - MGK Results 13 of the 62 projects have serious environmental conflicts with the idea of “hydropower free watercourse” Total investment is approximately NOK 150 mill Construction activity over a period of 10 years will develop local business, and the need for support during the many years of operation can justify a local maintenance workshop. I 1946 var det ca 188 kraftverk i drift med ytelse under 1000 kW I 1991 var det registrert 170 kraftverk med ytsle UNDER 100 kW som samlet ga 5 MW. Det var 130 kraftverk med ytelse MELLOM 100 og 1000 kW som samlet ga 55 MW. I 2000 I 1991 var det

Micro- and mini hydropower NVE supported projects - MGK Results Annual benefit for the municipality could be NOK 20 mill. Money saved are better than money earned. The hydropower activity is supplementary to farming, and because of need for few maintenance hours weekly, it allows the farmer to continue being a farmer. The scale factor is important and the largest plants have the best economic viability, but…. Own use of the power is the most important for the economy I 1946 var det ca 188 kraftverk i drift med ytelse under 1000 kW I 1991 var det registrert 170 kraftverk med ytsle UNDER 100 kW som samlet ga 5 MW. Det var 130 kraftverk med ytelse MELLOM 100 og 1000 kW som samlet ga 55 MW. I 2000 I 1991 var det

Micro- and mini hydropower NVE supported projects - MGK what now? The Report is useful for the local area planning and energy planning The Report has been discussed in the Municipality, and they are now busy preparing an application for licence for 40 of the 62 projects in phase 1, and will present the rest in phase 2 next year when they feel the negative environmental impacts have been sorted out. Other surrounding Municipalities are now planning to embark on similar studies. I 1946 var det ca 188 kraftverk i drift med ytelse under 1000 kW I 1991 var det registrert 170 kraftverk med ytsle UNDER 100 kW som samlet ga 5 MW. Det var 130 kraftverk med ytelse MELLOM 100 og 1000 kW som samlet ga 55 MW. I 2000 I 1991 var det

Micro- and mini hydropower 2002 NVE has NOK 3 mill for improving the present situation, and by research and development enhance technical solutions and competence to reduce the worst cases of disasters Ordningen administreres av NVE-EMR. EMR orienterte før nyttår sentrale aktører (NTNU, konsulenter osv.) om ordningen og ba om prosjektforslag. Vi fikk inn en hel del forslag som vi har vurdert, og er nå i sluttprosessen med å inngå kontrakter for de prosjektene som vi vil støtte.

Micro- and mini hydropower 2002 NOK 850 000 for supporting a test laboratory to clear the way for Norwegian certificates for turbine solutions. Also field test activities are included. NOK 300 000 to support research on new intake technology NOK 250 000 to support research on the use of “offshore drilling technologies” as a substitute to penstocks, and extending life of old penstocks by using inflatable rubber pipes. Ved enkelte gamle kraftverk er rørgata ofte hullete med de lekkasjer og ulemper det medfører økonomisk og miljømessig. Et alternativ til utskifting av rør kan være å trekke / legge Grøner-duken i røret. I tillegg til at operasjonen er rimelig? og rask vil falltapet reduseres. Prosjektet tenkes gjennomført ved at en finner frem til et egnet opprustningsobjekt der jobben planlegges og gjennomføres. Det hele dokumenteres gjennom en erfaringsrapport.

Micro- and mini hydropower 2002 NOK 250 000 to support activities in the newly formed Small Hydro Association, which are of common interest. NOK 500 000 to improve an existing guide book on planning, financing, construction and operation of small hydro power plants NOK 600 000 to start the mapping of micro- and mini hydro resources in Norway by using GIS technology together with electronic hydrology maps and cost curves. Under visse forhold (stabil vannføring) kan sentrifugalpumper være et godt (billig) alternativ til små turbiner. Slike pumper er benyttet ved noen kraftverk. Prosjektet vil omfatte: 1) Undersøke og oppsummere driftserfaringer fra de 4 kraftverk i Rakkestadvassdraget, fra oppstartsperioden midt på ’80-tallet og frem til i dag. 2) Undersøke og oppsummere driftserfaringer fra Heiernfossen Kraftverk. 3) Test av sentrifugalpumpe som minstevannføringsmaskin (lokalitet ikke bestemt) 4) Test av sentrifugalpumpe påkoblet eksisterende inntak/rørgate for vanningsannlegg. Sannsynligvis ett anlegg i Sunndalsøra (14 kg/cm2) eller ett anlegg i Grimstad (6 kg/cm2) Den planlagte serien har som formål å spre kunnskap om forskjellige temaer vedr. små kraftverk på en lettfattelig måte. For år 2002 er det planlagt 10 utgivelser. For å kunne realisere dette vil det være behov for økonomisk tilskudd.

Micro- and mini hydropower 2002 NOK 250 000 for seminars and miscellaneous activities We have 20 projects on a wait list with proposals: advanced tools for remote operation low cost turbine development low cost gates distance learning and more The NVE activity will continue next year Under visse forhold (stabil vannføring) kan sentrifugalpumper være et godt (billig) alternativ til små turbiner. Slike pumper er benyttet ved noen kraftverk. Prosjektet vil omfatte: 1) Undersøke og oppsummere driftserfaringer fra de 4 kraftverk i Rakkestadvassdraget, fra oppstartsperioden midt på ’80-tallet og frem til i dag. 2) Undersøke og oppsummere driftserfaringer fra Heiernfossen Kraftverk. 3) Test av sentrifugalpumpe som minstevannføringsmaskin (lokalitet ikke bestemt) 4) Test av sentrifugalpumpe påkoblet eksisterende inntak/rørgate for vanningsannlegg. Sannsynligvis ett anlegg i Sunndalsøra (14 kg/cm2) eller ett anlegg i Grimstad (6 kg/cm2) Den planlagte serien har som formål å spre kunnskap om forskjellige temaer vedr. små kraftverk på en lettfattelig måte. For år 2002 er det planlagt 10 utgivelser. For å kunne realisere dette vil det være behov for økonomisk tilskudd.

Small Hydro less than 100 kW 6 kW farm hydro The small hydropower station, 6 kW has been in operation since 1992, and generated approximately 400 000 kWh. The total price for the station was NOK 120 000 in 1992, which included the calculated cost of the farmers own work. His support from NVE was NOK 50 000, and his commercial loan was NOK 25 000. The electricity price per kWh in this area of Norway has been equal NOK 0.50 /kWh including taxes. Thus , generation of 400 000 kWh has reduced his total electricity bill during the last 9 yeaqrs by approximately NOK 200 000. This is more than the tola estimated cost of the plant, and approximately 5 times more than his capital investment.

Small Hydro less than 100 kW 6 kW farm hydro The power house is the size of a ”dog house”, enough for the turbine and generator. Low voltage cable connect the house to the station, a distance of 300 m

Micro- and mini hydropower 2002 The 6 kW farm plant was inaugurated in 1992, and has successfully been in operation for 10 years. It has produced approximately 430 000 kWh during these 10 years, and thus generated saving on the electricity bill for the farmer in the order of approximately NOK 250 000 The plant had a total construction cost in 1992 of NOK 120 000 in addition to his own working hours, and the farmer received a lump sum from NVE of NOK 50 000 because this was a test plant for micro hydro development. Under visse forhold (stabil vannføring) kan sentrifugalpumper være et godt (billig) alternativ til små turbiner. Slike pumper er benyttet ved noen kraftverk. Prosjektet vil omfatte: 1) Undersøke og oppsummere driftserfaringer fra de 4 kraftverk i Rakkestadvassdraget, fra oppstartsperioden midt på ’80-tallet og frem til i dag. 2) Undersøke og oppsummere driftserfaringer fra Heiernfossen Kraftverk. 3) Test av sentrifugalpumpe som minstevannføringsmaskin (lokalitet ikke bestemt) 4) Test av sentrifugalpumpe påkoblet eksisterende inntak/rørgate for vanningsannlegg. Sannsynligvis ett anlegg i Sunndalsøra (14 kg/cm2) eller ett anlegg i Grimstad (6 kg/cm2) Den planlagte serien har som formål å spre kunnskap om forskjellige temaer vedr. små kraftverk på en lettfattelig måte. For år 2002 er det planlagt 10 utgivelser. For å kunne realisere dette vil det være behov for økonomisk tilskudd.