Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings C h a p t e r 28 Embryology and Human Development PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides prepared by Agnes Yard and Michael Yard Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The creation of different cell types during development is known as which of the following? a. specialization b. differentiation c. maturation d. embryogenesis

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings At ________ gestation, nails begin as thickenings of the epidermis near the tips of fingers and toes. a. 4 months b. 5 months c. 6 months d. 7 months

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings A pregnancy in which implantation occurs somewhere other than the uterus is known as which of the following? a.ectopic pregnancy b.abdominal pregnancy c.pregnancy previa d. preeclampsia

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The neonatal period extends from the moment of birth to which of the following? a.1 day thereafter b.1 week thereafter c.1 month thereafter d.2 months thereafter

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is not formed by mesodermal contributions? a. all muscular system components b.all lymphoid system components c.pituitary gland and suprarenal medulla d. gonads

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Where does fertilization normally occur? a. in the body of the uterus b.in the vagina c.in the ampulla of the uterine tube d.in the ovary

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following statements regarding the third trimester of pregnancy is/are false? a.All of the fetal organ systems become functional. b.The rate of growth continues to increase. c.The largest weight gain of the fetus occurs during the third trimester. d.None of the statements is false.

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is/are not an ectodermal derivative(s)? a. brain and spinal cord b. mucous epithelium of nasal passages c. salivary glands d. the dermis

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings During which process does the zygote become a pre- embryo that develops into a blastocyst? a. placentation b. implantation c. fertilization d. cleavage

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Although the hands originate as paddles, the death of cells between the phalangeal cartilages produces individual fingers at which gestational age? a. 3 weeks b. 4 weeks c. 7 weeks d. 14 weeks

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Labor is usually divided into how many stages? a. two b. three c. four d. six

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is/are not an endodermal derivative(s)? a. exocrine glands b. urinary bladder c. endocrine tissues of gonads d. respiratory epithelium

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following statements regarding the transition from fetus to neonate is/are false? a.The ductus arteriosus closes, and the closure of the foramen ovale separates the ventricles of the heart. b.Urinary water losses are high, and neonatal fluid requirements are much greater than those of adults. c.Typical heart rates of 120 – 140 beats per minute and respiratory rates of 30 per minute are normal in neonates. d.None of the statements is false.

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings At what gestational age do exocrine sweat glands develop as epithelial columns elongate, coil, and become hollow? a. 6 weeks b. 2 months c. 5 months d. 7 months

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The dermis is a derivative of which of the following primary germ layers? a. ectoderm b. mesenchyme c. endoderm d. mesoderm

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings At birth, pressures ________ in the pleural cavities as the chest expands. The pulmonary vessels dilate, and pressure ________ in the right atrium. a.drop, falls b.rise, falls c.drop, rises d.drop, equalizes

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings A male with a sperm count below ________ is functionally sterile. a. 25 million per ml b.20 million per ml c.100 million per ml d.50 million per ml

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The male pronucleus develops and spindle fibers appear in preparation for the first cleavage division during which of the following events that occur at fertilization and thereafter? a. spindle formation and cleavage preparation b. pronucleus formation begins c. amphimixis occurs and cleavage begins d. cytokinesis begins

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings As the pelvic limb bud enlarges, the ________ rotates ________. a.distal ridge, laterally b.apical ridge, laterally c.proximal ridge, medially d.apical ridge, medially

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Development of the mesencephalon produces a small mass of neural tissue with a neurocoel known as which of the following? a. lateral ventricle b.third ventricle c.aqueduct of the midbrain d.foramen of Monro

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings By the time of implantation, the inner cell mass starts to separate from the trophoblast, creating which fluid- filled structure? a. yolk sac b. blastocoele c. amniotic cavity d. lacuna

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Formation of taste buds and olfactory epithelium begins at which gestational age? a.2 months b. 3 months c. 5 months d. 6 months

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is/are not formed by mesodermal contributions? a. connective tissues supporting all organ systems b. bone marrow c. kidneys d. pancreas

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is a characteristic of the first trimester of prenatal development? a. Organs and organ systems complete most of their development. b. Rudiments of all the major organ systems appear. c. Most of the organ systems become fully functional. d. Body proportions change, and the fetus looks distinctly human.

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Neurulation is: a. the formation of neural crest cells b.the formation of the neural plate c.the process of neural tube formation d.the process of notochord formation