Investigative Update of Battery Fire Japan Airlines B Jan 7, Deborah A.P. Hersman Chairman January 24, 2013

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Timeline – JAL Battery Incident 10:06am - aircraft arrived at gate in Boston from Narita, Japan10:06am - aircraft arrived at gate in Boston from Narita, Japan 183 passengers and 11 crew deplaned183 passengers and 11 crew deplaned 10:32am - Cleaning and maintenance crew noticed smoke in cabin10:32am - Cleaning and maintenance crew noticed smoke in cabin 10:35am - Mechanic noted flames coming from APU battery in aft electronics bay10:35am - Mechanic noted flames coming from APU battery in aft electronics bay 3

Timeline, cont. 10:37am – Airport Rescue & Fire Fighting notified10:37am – Airport Rescue & Fire Fighting notified 10:40am – Fire and rescue personnel arrive on scene10:40am – Fire and rescue personnel arrive on scene 12:19pm – Fire and rescue personnel report event was “controlled”12:19pm – Fire and rescue personnel report event was “controlled” 4

APU Battery Exemplar Battery JAL Event Battery 5

Damage to Aft Electronics Bay 6

Main battery location Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) battery location

Investigative Activities Battery exam and teardown at NTSB Materials LaboratoryBattery exam and teardown at NTSB Materials Laboratory Component exam and teardownComponent exam and teardown Tucson, AZ – Battery Charger Unit and Start Power Unit (Securaplane Technologies)Tucson, AZ – Battery Charger Unit and Start Power Unit (Securaplane Technologies) Phoenix, AZ – APU Controller (United Technology Aerospace Systems)Phoenix, AZ – APU Controller (United Technology Aerospace Systems) Seattle, WA – Two General Purpose Modules (Boeing Commercial Airplanes)Seattle, WA – Two General Purpose Modules (Boeing Commercial Airplanes) Fujisawa, Japan – Battery Monitoring Unit (Kanto Aircraft Instrument)Fujisawa, Japan – Battery Monitoring Unit (Kanto Aircraft Instrument) 8

JAL APU Battery Cells 9 JAL Event Battery Exemplar Battery

Cell and Battery Specifications 10 Nominal capacity (Ah) Nominal voltage Operational voltage range (V) Weight(lb.) Dimensions (in.) WDHWDH – Cell Battery 20 –

(including terminal) (Unit : inch) Cell Design

Electrodes 12 Negative terminal Positive terminal Current collector Case Separator Negative electrode Positive electrode Rupture valves

13 separator Al Cu graphite Li-CoO 2 25 μm 10 μm 20 μm Electrode Construction Not to scale

Example of a Cell CT Scan 14

NTSB Lab Activities 15

Cell Examinations To Date CT scan disassembled CT scan SEM CT scan of entire assembly EDS SEM – Scanning Electron Microscopy EDS – Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy

We Are Looking For: Signs of thermal runawaySigns of thermal runaway Signs of electrical short circuitingSigns of electrical short circuiting Manufacturing defectsManufacturing defects “Anything unusual”“Anything unusual” 17

Damaged Electrode - Internal Short Circuit 18 Hole

Cell 6 CT Scan

CT Scan of Battery

Findings To Date Fire was presentFire was present Signs of thermal runawaySigns of thermal runaway Signs of electrical short circuitingSigns of electrical short circuiting 21

Next Steps Complete the in-house laboratory examinationsComplete the in-house laboratory examinations Conduct examinations and testing of exemplar batteriesConduct examinations and testing of exemplar batteries Synthesize lab examination findings with fire forensics and aviation systems investigationSynthesize lab examination findings with fire forensics and aviation systems investigation 22

Parties to Investigation Federal Aviation AdministrationFederal Aviation Administration Boeing Commercial AirplanesBoeing Commercial Airplanes Accredited RepresentativesAccredited Representatives Japan – JTSBJapan – JTSB GS YuasaGS Yuasa Japan AirlinesJapan Airlines France – BEAFrance – BEA Thales Avionics Electrical SystemsThales Avionics Electrical Systems Technical assistance provided by Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare CenterTechnical assistance provided by Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center 23

JTSB Investigation ANA Battery Event 24 Photo by Reuters/Kyodo/Landov