Carbon cycle – units = Gt C = 10 15 g C. Carbon dioxide 1 2 3.

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Presentation transcript:

Carbon cycle – units = Gt C = g C

Carbon dioxide 1 2 3

Pathways of Nitrogen N 2 Molecular Nitrogen NH 4 + Ammonium ion / Ammonia Nitrogen Fixing Amino Acids Organic Nitrogen Assimilation Ammonification NO 2 -1 Nitrite NO 3 -1 Nitrate Denitrification Via NO, N 2 O Assimilation Nitrification Denitrification

Nitrogen Fixing N 2 Molecular Nitrogen NH 4 + Ammonium ion / Ammonia Nitrogen Fixing Amino Acids Organic Nitrogen Incorporation Ammonification NO 2 -1 Nitrite NO 3 -1 Nitrate Denitrification Via NO, N 2 O Assimilation Nitrification Denitrification

Nitrification N 2 Molecular Nitrogen NH 4 + Ammonium ion / Ammonia Nitrogen Fixing Amino Acids Organic Nitrogen Incorporation Ammonification NO 2 -1 Nitrite NO 3 -1 Nitrate Denitrification Via NO, N 2 O Assimilation Nitrification Denitrification

Nitrification NO > NO 3 -1 and NH 4 + -> NO 2 -1 Oxidizing nitrogen Nitrosomonas and Nitrococcus

Incorporation/Assimilation N 2 Molecular Nitrogen NH 4 + Ammonium ion / Ammonia Nitrogen Fixing Amino Acids Organic Nitrogen Assimilation Ammonification NO 2 -1 Nitrite NO 3 -1 Nitrate Denitrification Via NO, N 2 O Assimilation Nitrification Denitrification

Ammonification N 2 Molecular Nitrogen NH 4 + Ammonium ion / Ammonia Nitrogen Fixing Amino Acids Organic Nitrogen Incorporation Ammonification NO 2 -1 Nitrite NO 3 -1 Nitrate Denitrification Via NO, N 2 O Assimilation Nitrification Denitrification

N 2 Molecular Nitrogen NH 4 + Ammonium ion / Ammonia Nitrogen Fixing Amino Acids Organic Nitrogen Incorporation Ammonification NO 2 -1 Nitrite NO 3 -1 Nitrate Denitrification Via NO, N 2 O Assimilation Nitrification Denitrification

Human impacts on the Earth’s ecosystems

Biotic addition and loses

Land transformation

Global biochemistry

Climate change

Ecosystem services Definition: refers to all the processes through which natural ecosystems and the species they contain help sustain human life on this planet. Examples: Purification of air and water, mitigation of droughts and floods, generation and preservation of soils and soil fertility, detoxification and decomposition of wastes, pollination of crops and natural vegetation, dispersal of seeds