Waves and Wave properties

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Presentation transcript:

Waves and Wave properties

Simulation

Wave Information Waves are a travelling form of energy Waves can also carry information Sound Light Music electricity

Wave Types Transverse Longitudinal Oscillates perpendicular to the direction of the motion. Examples are water waves and seismic S-waves Oscillate in the same direction/parallel to the direction of movement They move by expanding and contracting Examples are seismic P-waves and sound

Parts of a Wave: Waves have the following parts: Crest Trough

What are the 2 different types of waves? How are these 2 types of waves different?

Wave Properties Waves have 3 specific, identifying properties: Frequency Wavelength λ Amplitude

Frequency How many times the wave oscillates up and down Measured in Hz (hertz) 1 Hz is equal to 1 cycle per second Water frequency is around .1-10 Hz Sound has a frequency range of 20-20,000 Hz

Wavelength Series of repeating highs and lows Measured from crest to crest, or trough to trough

This is the amount/distance that the wave moves away from equilibrium Amplitude: This is the amount/distance that the wave moves away from equilibrium

If the frequency of a wave increases, what do you think will happen to the wavelength? What type of a relationship is this? Positive Negative

Frequency and Wavelength have an inverse or negative relationship Relationships: Frequency and Wavelength have an inverse or negative relationship As the frequency of a wave increases, its wavelength decreases OR As the frequency of a wave decreases, its wavelength increases

Calculating the Speed of Waves The speed of a wave is equal to its frequency multiplied by its wavelength. V = ƒ ʎ V=velocity/speed ʎ = wavelength and ƒ= frequency This tells you the speed of the oscillations through the material/medium.

Wave Interference: When waves encounter an obstacle or interact with matter, they experience interference. There are 4 types of wave interference Reflection Refraction Diffraction Absorption

Reflection

Refraction: When a wave moves through a medium that slows or bends the wave’s movement it is refracted Refraction of light causes objects to appear bent

Diffraction: When a wave bends around objects such as sound bending around corners

Absorption: When a wave encounters a medium and seems to disappear.

What is the difference between refraction and reflection? What is an example of a wave that is reflected? What is an example of a wave being refracted?

Interference Continued Constructive Interference Destructive Interference When 2 waves that are “in phase” with one another collide Their collision causes an increase in the waves effect When 2 waves are “out of phase with one another collide Their collision causes a decrease or temporary disappearance of the wave

Interference Continued

HARMONIC MOTION Motion that repeats in cycles A cycle is a unit of motion that repeats over and over Harmonic Motion is different from Linear Motion

Harmonic Motion Graphs

Pendulum Simulation