At the end of this lesson, students will: - Be able to properly punctuate a quotation without a parenthetical citation - Be able to properly place a parenthetical citation within a sentence. - Be able to properly punctuate a quotation with a parenthetical citation - Be able to punctuate quotations within quotations

 Using quotes around common words for emphasis  Using quotes around an article title  Using quotes around anything and then continuing the sentence after a comma

 Rule: In this instance, punctuation comes inside the quotation marks  Bad Example: “… fighting to survive”. “… fighting to survive”!  Good Example: “…fighting to survive.” “… fighting to survive!”

 Rule: In this instance, punctuation comes inside the quotation marks  Bad Example: Tan explored this idea in her essay “Mother Tongue”.  Good Example: Tan explored this idea in her essay “Mother Tongue.”

 Rule: In this instance, punctuation comes inside the quotation marks  Bad Example: …described her mother’s English as “difficult to understand”, but the author disagrees with that vehemently.  Good Example: …described her mother’s English as “difficult to understand,” but the author disagrees with that vehemently.

 Rule: In this instance, punctuation comes inside the quotation marks  EXCEPTION!!! If you are forming an interrogative sentence, but the words you are quoting are not interrogative!  Ex. How can adults call this preposterous situation “nonsense”?

 Rule: Citations go outside the quotation marks, but inside the punctuation of the sentence.  Bad Example: “…needs to be corrected.” (Erikson 45).  Bad Example: “…needs to be corrected.” (Erikson 45)  Bad Example: “…needs to be corrected (Erikson 45).”  Bad Example: “…needs to be corrected,” (Erikson 45).

 Rule: Citations go outside the quotation marks, but inside the punctuation of the sentence.  Good Example: “…needs to be corrected” (Erikson 45).

 Rule: Citations go outside the quotation marks, but inside the punctuation of the sentence.  EXCEPTION!!! If the text being quoted has a question mark or exclamation point, keep it inside the quotation marks and place a period after the parenthetical citation  Ex. “…expected to help!” (Mirren 687).  EX. “…what can we do?” (Mirren 689).

 Rule: Parenthetical Citations go a the end of a sentence, regardless of the quotation’s placement in the sentence.  Bad Example: …described her mother’s English as “difficult to understand” (Tan 546), but the author disagrees with that vehemently.  Good Example: …described her mother’s English as “difficult to understand,” but the author disagrees with that vehemently (Tan 546).

 Rule: Parenthetical Citations go a the end of a sentence, regardless of the quotation’s placement in the sentence.  EXCEPTION!!! If you are quoting several bits within the same sentence, but they are from different pages.  Ex. …is described as "marvelous" (34), "fun" (98), and "dramatic" (39).

 RULE: When quoting a piece of writing that has quotations already in it, use double quotations around the entire passage, and single quotations around the quotes.  Ex: The text reads: … other Asian-American students whose English spoken in the home might also be described as “broken” or “limited.”  Ex: Your insertion should look like: “… other Asian-American students whose English spoken in the home might also be described as ‘broken’ or ‘limited.’”

Q & A