Part 1

Muhammad Abdullah Abdul Mut’talib Aminah Wahab

 Raised by Halima in the desert area for first few years  Brought back to his family: Age 5 Years  His mother Aminah dies: Age 6 Years  In custody and care of Abdul Mut’talib  Grandfather Abdul Mut’talib dies: Age 8 Years  Uncle Abu Talib is the custodian and protector: Age 8 Years up.

 Travels to Syria: Age 12 Yrs  Works as a shepherd

 In Charge of Khadijah’s Caravan to Syria ◦ Marries Khadijah ◦ Known as Al-Amin (for his integrity) ◦ Al-Amin means The Trustworthy ◦ Solves the Ka'ba Dispute: Unique solution  In Rebuilding Al-Ka`ba the Tribes compete for honor: 1.To Place the Black Stone in place 2.Possibility of Fighting 3.Solution needed 4.Muhammad (Age 25), called Al-Amin was entrusted for verdict 5.His solution prevented a war

 Character: Impeccable  Several Children:  Four girls and  Three boys  Marriage Relationship: Ideal

 Arabia: Mostly Pagans, Some Christians, and Many Jews  Persia: Mostly Zoroastrians, Many Christians, and Many Jews  Byzantine: Mostly Christians, Many Jews, and some Zoroastrians  All above had some Pagans

 Visiting the Poor quite often  Helping the Disadvantaged as possible  Tending to the sick  Retreating to Cave Hiraa  Fairly often  More so during Ramadhan

 At Hiraa: Gets the Message ◦ Sees Gabriel: While descending down the Noor Mountain ◦ Goes Home: Scared and Exhausted ◦ Relates to Khadijah the First revelations

 "Read in the name of your Lord who creates; He created man from a cell.  Read and your Lord is most gracious, Who taught by the pen,  He taught man what man knew not." اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ خَلَقَ الإنسَانَ مِنْ عَلَقٍ اقْرَأْ وَرَبُّكَ الأكْرَمُ الَّذِي عَلَّمَ بِالْقَلَمِ عَلَّمَ الإنسَانَ مَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ

 On top of Noor Mountain  Facing Mecca and Ka’ba  Complete silence and Pure air  Perfect for Meditation

 Khadijah: First person (woman) to Islam  Maysara: Servant of the Prophet  Ali: First male to Islam (10 Yr old)  Abu Bakr: Friend of the Prophet

1. Friends and the Close Ones 2. The Disadvantaged:  The slaves  The Meek  The lowest in the Society  The above formed THE HARD CORE  Sermons: Frequent and Irresistibly attractive

 By the 3 rd Yr of advent of Islam  Party at Home: about 40 people  Speech at Mount Safa: Call for Islam  Pagan Disbelievers: Animosity against Muhammad and Islam is Intensified  Harassment: Accelerated

 Harsh Measures: Harassments to the extreme  Killing Yasir and his Wife by quartering them. Their son, Ammar, is orphaned  Bilal: Dealt with by horrible and mean treatment, but he defiantly stood fast  Abuse of Muhammad (pbuh) became very frequent

 By the 5 th Yr, life intolerable: ◦ Wave of Muslims leave to Abyssinia ◦ Second wave follow (about 80 people)  Quranic Revelations: Continue frequently  Conditions in Mecca continue to deteriorate  Muslims in Mecca have a very rough time

 Fear of loss: Their Financial Status  Loss of Prestige and Standing in the Community  Change of Character of the Jahiliya  Facing Defiance and Challenge by Islam  Fear of the Unknown

 Bribing  Offerings  Abuse ◦ Verbal ◦ Physical

 Muhammad and all Benu Hashim: Along with their families  In an eerie valley without Communication or Interaction  Boycott lasting three years  Conditions deteriorating fast: Hunger, Sickness, and Desperation  As a result: Wife (Khadijah), and Uncle (Abu Talib) Die

 Israa and Mi’raaj a most Unique Journey  Muhammad Taken from Mecca to Jerusalem  From Jerusalem to Heavens above  To be in the Presence of God  Five daily Prayers Commanded The Holy Quran says: سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي أَسْرَى بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلاً مِّنَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ الأَقْصَى الَّذِي بَارَكْنَا حَوْلَهُ لِنُرِيَهُ مِنْ آيَاتِنَا إِنَّهُ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ البَصِيرُ Glory be to him who by night took His servant from the Masjid Al-Haram to Masjid Al-Aqsa, to show His Wonders...

 Number of Muslims: Slowly increasing  Attitude of the Pagans: Antagonistic to the Extreme  Attempts in Taif: Very disappointing  The revelations: A large part of Quran is revealed by now

 First Group from Medina: About a dozen  Second Group from Medina: About 70  Conditions in Medina: Inviting and Friendly  To Leave Mecca: Mandatory but has to be planned well

 Representation from every tribe: To Kill Muhammad  All are to Kill Muhammad at Night  When all share in Killing Muhammad: ◦ Clan of Muhammad would not be able to avenge his blood against all ◦ Thus, the Disbelievers get rid of Islam

 Ali stays eagerly in Muhammad's Bed, Risking his Life: ◦ Attackers think Muhammad was in bed ◦ Instead, attackers see Ali in his bed ◦ Enraged, they ask: Where is Muhammad ◦ Ali gleefully answers: You are the pursuer  Alarmed, the disbelievers call for massive search: Large Price to find Muhammad

 Abu Bakr waits in his house for Muhammad  Nighttime: Muhammad escapes unnoticed  Muhammad and Abu Bakr Leave undiscovered: To Thaur Mountain  Thaur Mountain is rough and South of Mecca

 Quraish in the lookout for Muhammad  High price offered to anyone finding Muhammad  Muhammad and Abu Bakr stay for 3 days in the cave  Location of cave in Thaur Mountain  The role of the Dove and Spider

 Food and news brought in by Asmaa daughter of Abu Bakr  Hurriedly: ◦ Spider weaves a Web at the cave’s entrance ◦ A dove builds a nest  Quraish in a Chase: Reaches the Cave, but abandons search because of the Web and Nest at the cave’s entrance

 Suraqah in pursuit: Finds Muhammad but changes and becomes Defender than Pursuer  Travel Condition: Along uncommonly used road, rough, tough, and hot  Special Revelation: Quran promises Muhammad that he would return in triumph  After two weeks, they arrive at Qubaa