Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación MEXICAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM An Overview January 17, 2003.

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación 1970 Law to Create the National Council of Science and Technology CONACYT 1985 Law to Coordinate and Promote Scientific and Technological Development 1999 Law to Foment Scientific and Technological Research 2002 Science and Technology Law

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación  Absence of long term policy and goals;  A weak institutional framework for action;  Uncoordinated budgetary decision making;  Academic research often unrelated to social needs.  Low private investment in R&D 1970 – 2000 Evolution of Mexico’s S&T

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación Current Situation The Mexican Research System is small (0.45% GDP), but Internationally competitive. The R&D personnel numbers 25,000; Best scientists belong to the National Research System (SNI), with over 8500 members Over 100 Universities and R&D Centers of excellence in all research fields; 2.8 million enterprises, 99,7% SME, less than 500 invest regularly in R&D

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación  Centers of excellence in key technologies;  Centers of excellence in social sciences;  2.21 million undergraduate students in Mexico. (20% of total population aged between 18 and 25)  0.22 million graduate students in Mexico.  17,000 CONACYT national and overseas scholarships for graduate students in all knowledge areas. Current Situation

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación Due to its future demographic structure, Mexico needs to invest in Education and S&T to compete in a knowledge-based economy Age Men Women Thousand Persons ,09860 años y más 46,89020 a 60 años 43,4930 a 20 años 16,06960 años y más 66,93020 a 60 años 36,3070 a 20 años 42,48260 años y más 61,18820 a 60 años 26,0560 a 20 años

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación GOVERNMENT AND COORDINATION POLITICS GENERAL COUNCIL PRESIDENT INTER-MINISTRY COMMITTEE SHCP-CONACYT FUNCTION OF STATE PARTICIPATION INTER-SECTOR COMMITTEES EXECUTIVE SECRETARY Advisory Forum for Science & Technology CONACYT GENERAL DIRECTOR Science and Technology Law

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación GENERAL COMMITTEE S&T ADMINISTRATION BOARD OF DIRECTORS GENERAL DIRECTOR CONACYT FUNDS GENERAL DIRECTOR = EXECUTIVE SECRETARY National Net of Research Groups & Centers CONACYT Centers National Conference for Science & Technology Advisory Forum for Science & Technology General Council of Scientific Research & Technology Development EXECUTIVE SECRETARY CONACYT CONACYT Organic Law

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación National Conference of Science & Technology CONACYT NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROMOTE ACTIONS TO SUPPORT S&T RESEARCH LOCAL GOVERNMENTS (LOCAL ORGANISMS OF S&T)

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación II.INCREASE SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES III. ENHANCE COMPETITIVENESS AND INNOVATION I. LONG TERM POLICY FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Special Program on Science and Technology OBJECTIVES

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación Special Program on Science and Technology Foster strategic areas of knowledge 2.New legal framework (already in place) 4. Descentralization 1. Establishment of a National System of Science & Technology 5.Fostering a Science and Technology culture I. LONG TERM POLICY FOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación 7.Increase scientific and technological personnel number 6. Increase R+D National Budget to 1% of the GDP in Enhance Science and Technology infrastructure 8.Promote basic, applied & technological Research 10.Focused International Cooperation II.INCREASE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES Special Program on Science and Technology

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación 11.Increase private investment in R&D (40% of national expenditure by 2006). 12.Promote technology best management practices 14.Strengthen infrastructure for competitiveness and innovation 13.Promote researchers hiring by private sector III. ENHANCE COMPETITIVENESS AND INNOVATION Special Program on Science and Technology

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación Main Goals of the Special Program of Science and Technology Federal Investment in Science and Technology Federal expense in Science and Technology as a % of the Federation Outcomes Budget 1.84 (2.7b USD)* 4.00 (6.5b USD) 1.2 Expenditure in investigation and experimental development (Experimental Research and Development) as a % of the GNP 0.45 (1.7b USD) 1.00 (4.7 b USD)

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación Number of Researchers for every 1,000 Economically active people 0.75 (25,000) 2.0 (80,000) 2.2 % of Research personnel in the private sector 20%40% 2.3 New scholarships for the education of investigators 6,50012, Personnel in Science and Technology Main Goals of the Special Program of Science and Technology

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación 3. Research Funds Total amount0.1 b USD2.5 b USD 3.2 Number of Sectorial Funds Number of Mixed Funds2432 Main Goals of the Special Program of Science and Technology

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación Knowledge demand model to: Reinforce Scientific Infrastructure Reinforce Scientific Infrastructure Tackle National problems, Tackle National problems, Increase competitiveness of industry and Increase competitiveness of industry and Create High Added Value Enterprises Create High Added Value Enterprises Knowledge supply model and beyond 2000 and beyond New Orientation

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación Germany, Korea, USA, France, Israel, Japan, Sweden, Taiwan 2.00 High Mexico, Argentina, Chile, Turkey 0.00 Emerging Brazil, Spain, Italy, Poland, Russia 0.75 Low Australia, Canada, China, Italy, Norway, United Kingdom, Singapore 1.35 Medium Level of Science and Tecnology per Country % R&D as% GDP >2.00 Foundations Take off Fast Growth World Class Vision 2025: A Road Map for Mexico’s S&T Growth (R&D as % of GDP)

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación Mexico needs to take advantage of public/private Partnerships (PPP) Scheme Assimilate best practices in PPPs Growth of S&T System through Partnerships between R&D Public centers and Industry Leverage Private Investment in R&D through government tax credits and other joint funds Foster Public Private consortia in Industrial Clusters Strengthen Basic Research through International Partnerships & Cooperation Public/Private funding for high tech enterprises Public/Private/Partnerships to increase awareness of the importance of Social Sciences to solve complex problems in Economics, Social Change and Sustainable Development

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación TOTAL PERSONNEL NATIONAL RESEARCH SYSTEM (in the last 30 years students have been supported by CONACYT with posgraduate scholarships) Human Resources for S & T NGP0.4%1 % PUBLIC/PRIVATE80/ 2060/40 PROPORTION SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PERSONNEL RESEARCHERS AT SNI MEXICO CITY/PROVINCES PROPORTION49/5130/ Fuente:Informe general del estado de la ciencia y la tecnología 2002 Programa Especial de Ciencia y Tecnología

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación 1.Increase scientific and technological capacity a) Structure National System of Science and Technology. b) Increase National Budget for Research and Development. c) Increase postgraduate degree personnel number. d) Promote regional development through science and technology. e) Increase Mexican Society Scientific and Technological Culture. f) Promote international coooperation in science and technology. Strategic Objectives

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación 2. Increase competitiveness and innovation in industry a) Establish some financial support and tax reduction incentives for companies who invest in R&D. b) Promote technology as a better path for the progress in the industry. c) Better expansion of National System of Science and Technology. d) Take better advantage of National Science and Technology System. Strategic Objectives

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación 3. Determinate a state policy in Science and Technology a) The new CONACYT as an efficient instrument for the current administration b) Improve the process to allocate the federal government resources Strategic Objectives

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación PROMOTION OF THE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LAW (ACT OF CONGRESS MAY 1999) ENABLES CONACYT TO ARTICULATE BUDGET COORDINATE ACTIONS CONCENTRATE EFFORTS EVALUATE RESULTS

Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de Grupos y Centros de Investigación Thank you