The Little Big Science - Gary Stix Arthi Perka

What is a Nanometer? A nanometer is a unit of spatial measurement that is meter, or one billionth of a meter.

Nanotechnology as an emerging field Interdisciplinary Interdisciplinary Nano generates the buzz Nano generates the buzz What`s in a name? What`s in a name?

Nanotechnology deals with materials and systems having these key properties: i. they have atleast one dimension of about 1 to 100nm ii. they are designed through processes that exhibit control over the physical and chemical attributes of molecular-scale structures iii. they can be combined to form larger structures

Fabrication Top down approach Top down approach Bottom up approach Bottom up approach Other tools Scanning Probe Microscope Scanning Probe Microscope Scanning Tunneling Microscope Scanning Tunneling Microscope Atomic Force Microscope Atomic Force Microscope

Beyond Silicon “ Once conventional silicon electronics goes bust, new nanoelectronic devices are a good bet to replace them. A likely wager, though not a sure one.” “ Once conventional silicon electronics goes bust, new nanoelectronic devices are a good bet to replace them. A likely wager, though not a sure one.” real applications in bio-nano real applications in bio-nano improvement of material properties improvement of material properties government hopes government hopes

National Nanotechnology Initiative Department/Agency FY 2004 Budget Request Department of Defense* * Department of Energy Department of Justice 1.0 Environmental Protection Agency 5.0 National Aeronautics and Space Admin National Institutes of Health 70.0 National Institute of Standards and Techn 62.0 National Science Foundation Homeland Security(TSA) 2.0 Department of Agriculture 10.0 Total** ** 849.0

“Nanotechnology`s bid for respectability is colored by the word`s association with a cabal of futurists who foresee nano as a pathway to utopia.” Eric Drexler`s : Engines Of Creation Eric Drexler`s : Engines Of Creation Dangers of nanotechnology Dangers of nanotechnology

Dip-Pen Nanolithography

Graphic of Lithography Words written on a silicon substrate using a carbon nanotube tip of 10nm in diameter

Nanotechnology Highlights Development of vault nanocapsules Development of vault nanocapsules Properties of deformed nanotubes Properties of deformed nanotubes Magnetic microlevitation chips Magnetic microlevitation chips

Development of Vault Nano Capsules Vaults are abundant cellular particles found in all cells containing a nucleus Vaults are abundant cellular particles found in all cells containing a nucleus It is possible to produce large quantities of Major Vault Protein (MVP) It is possible to produce large quantities of Major Vault Protein (MVP) The protein is able to self- assemble into vault-like particles The protein is able to self- assemble into vault-like particles UCLA scientists think that bioengineered vaults can aid in drug delivery, biological sensors, enzyme delivery, etc. UCLA scientists think that bioengineered vaults can aid in drug delivery, biological sensors, enzyme delivery, etc.

Properties of Deformed Nanotubes Stretching a CNT, using an atomic force microscope by less than 1% changes it from a metal similar to copper to a semi-conductor similar to Graphite or Silicon Stretching a CNT, using an atomic force microscope by less than 1% changes it from a metal similar to copper to a semi-conductor similar to Graphite or Silicon By bending a CNT, the metallic region is confined to the bend- a very low noise source of free electrons By bending a CNT, the metallic region is confined to the bend- a very low noise source of free electrons

Magnetic Microlevitation Chips MMC use magnetic field to levitate/trap nanoscale particles MMC use magnetic field to levitate/trap nanoscale particles MMC has enormous potential for applications in chemistry, biochemistry, biology etc. Assembling a chain of red blood cells in a magnetic trap inside a buffer solution

Challenges of Nanotechnology The Challenge of Technological Development The Challenge of Technological Development The Challenge of Technological Foresight The Challenge of Technological Foresight The Challenge of Credibility and Understanding The Challenge of Credibility and Understanding The Challenge of Formulating Public Policy The Challenge of Formulating Public Policy

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