Title Chapter 13 Gene regulation

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Fig Repressible operon Anabolic enzyme corepressor

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Fig Regulation of transcription in eukaryotes 3 features: Basal transcription Some RE: Enhancers or silencers

Fig General transcription factors Core promoter

Fig Activators 2. repressors 3. compaction of DNA

Fig Gene accessibility is controlled by changes in chromatin structure Activators: Histone acetyltransferase (acetyl group, ---COCH3) ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling enzymes: to loosen the compaction of chromatin

Fig Steroid hormones exert their effects by binding to a regulatory transcription factors and controlling the transcription of near genes Nuclear localization signals Glucocorticoid response element

Fig Structure features of regulatory transcription factors allow them to bind to DNA

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Page 272 DNA methylation inhibits gene transcription DNA methylase CpG island: near promoter 1.Prevent an activator binding 2.Inhibit open conformation:

Fig Regulation of RNA processing and translation in eukaryotes Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA: creats protein diversity.

Fig MicroRNAs inhibit mRNA by translastional repression or mRNA degradation Micro RNA: miRNA enzyme RNA-induced silencing complex(RISC) RNA interference (RNAi):

Fig Iron:vital and toxic  ferritin: store excess iron.

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