Brian Marchand GEOG 596A Winter 2010 Feature-Level Inundation Detection and Alerting for Improved flood Mitigation

GEOG 597A 2 Flood Hazards One of the most common hazards seen in the U.S. Major events occur almost yearly Inundated areas vary Warning lead-times vary The effects can be severe

GEOG 597A 3 Hurricane Floyd (Sept 1999) Road closures hard to track Evacuations difficult to plan Infrastructure inundated 57 Deaths $6 Billion in damage

GEOG 597A 4 Flood Mitigation Goals Protect life Protect property Protect the environment Increase public preparedness and response

GEOG 597A 5 Mitigation Through Mapping NOAA, NWS, USGS water status map Hydrograph showing current and predictive conditions

GEOG 597A 6 Mitigation Through Mapping FIMAN gage information and inundation map FIMAN web-based map viewer

GEOG 597A 7 Proposed System Map the impact on individual features Automated Time-based Issue alerts for inundated features Serve data using open formats Visualization using common tools

GEOG 597A 8 Floodplain Features (Roads) High Resolution DEM Flood Inundation Maps System Definition Inundated Features Features in Google Alerts

GEOG 597A 9 Flood Inundation Maps Mark inundated areas Produced from various sources Not reliant on any technique Change over time Represent system input 10ft River Stage Height 20ft River Stage Height

GEOG 597A 10 Floodplain Features Advanced warning improves mitigation efforts Feature monitoring focuses efforts Many types of features are worthy of monitoring Respond differently to each type Inundated roads at a 10ft river height Inundated roads at a 20ft river height

GEOG 597A 11 Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 3D surface analysis requires a high-resolution DEM Determines feature elevation Determines the depth of inundation Requires a good source of data Tarboro/Princeville NC Road features in the DEM

GEOG 597A 12 Inundation Analysis

GEOG 597A 13 Inundated Features Highlight inundated features Stored separately from input feature sources Store additional information as feature attributes Time dependent Establish symbology for inundated features Inundated Roads Traffic Conditions in Google Maps

GEOG 597A 14 Spatial Data Server Present data in most flexible format Store on server using Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) formats Fully symbolized data Web Mapping Service (WMS) Keyhole Markup Language (KML) Fully attributed data for maximum exploitation Web Feature Service (WFS) Inundated Roads in Google Earth

GEOG 597A 15 Change Detection & Alerting Alerts proactively sent to people Maximize advanced notice Improves awareness Requires stakeholder registration Change detection determines alerts are sent Alerts issued as events Event handlers send notifications

GEOG 597A 16 Prototype Scope Prototype Limitations Focused study area Predetermined inundation polygons Restrict analysis to a couple feature types Implementing the proposed system is outside of the scope of a capstone project

GEOG 597A 17 Study Area Tarboro/Princeville North Carolina Heavily flooded during Floyd USGS river gage data with live updates Inundation maps for river levels High resolution DEM Current roads ft River Stage Height Study Area

GEOG 597A 18 Prototype Approach Data preparation using ArcGIS Simulated river stage information and acquire live from USGS Server technology using open-source tools

GEOG 597A 19 Goals and Objectives Improve flood mitigation tools Work with dynamic map layers Build experience with unfamiliar technologies Generate alerts from changes in data Build a prototype system

GEOG 597A 20 Anticipated Results Simulated and live river data will establish inundated areas Inundated features will be reflected in an continually updated layer Alerts will be generated for changes in the inundated features Inundated feature layers can be viewed in a broad range of clients

GEOG 597A 21 Project Timeline Prototype Implementation  Week 1 Data gathering and processing  Week 2-3 Geodatabase development  Week 4-6 Develop server processing framework  Week 7 Process live data (WSDL)  Week 8 Produce dynamic inundation maps  Week 9-10 Spatial comparison of inundated features  Week 11 WFS, WMS, KML GeoServer setup  Week 12 Event based notification  Week 13 Send text or alerts  Week Final report

GEOG 597A 22 Future Considerations Navigation systems can incorporate and route around road closures Evaluate losses from property values

GEOG 597A 23 References 1. Federal Emergency Management Agency (2009). Flood Hazards, Retrieved February 11, 2010 from 2. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2009). Hurricane Floyd 10 th Anniversary, Retrieved February 11, 2010 from 3. Federal Emergency Management Agency (2010). News Photos, Photograph Library, Colby, J. D., Mulcahy, K. A., Wang, Y. (2000). Modeling flooding extent from Hurricane Floyd in the coastal plains of North Carolina. Environmental Hazards. 2, U. S. Geological Survey (2009). Flood Hazards, Retrieved March 5, 2010 from Gupta, S., Hartkopf J., and Ramaswamy, S. (1998). Event Notifier: A Pattern of Event Notification, Java Report, Vol. 3, No. 7, SIGS Publications. 7. Jones, J. L. (2004). Mapping a Flood…Before It Happens. U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet , Retrieved January 18, 2010, from 8. Gall, M., Boruff, B. J., Cutler, S. L. (2007). Assessing Flood Hazard Zones in the Absence of Digital Floodplain Maps: Comparison of Alternative Approaches, Natural Hazards Review ASCE, February 2007

GEOG 597A 24 Questions?