Community and Family Studies HSC Enrichment Day 2012 Option 3 Individuals and Work

Changing Work Patterns: Patterns of work –Full-time –Part-time –Casual –Permanent –Contract –Shiftwork –Voluntary –Self employed –Job share –Telecommuting –Seasonal –Working from home Social factors leading to changing work patterns (E.G.G. F.E.E.T) –Economics –Gender perceptions –Government Policy –Family circumstances –Employment/Unemployment –Education/Retraining –Technology Describe each work pattern and evaluate the suitability of each for different individuals Analyse ABS statistics to determine trends in the Australian workforce. Analyse the relationship between patterns of work and the various social factors and hypothesise about possible future trends.

What is work? ‘Work’ is a hard word to define. One person’s idea of work can be another person’s idea of leisure. Something that you dislike doing at work, you might quite enjoy in a leisure setting. Most dictionary definitions of the word ‘work’ say that work activity is directed at a specific purpose, and involves mental or physical effort ( Why are there different work patterns? Work

-- Show What You Know -- Employment based on working for a set period of time. These workers are usually self employed and hire out their services in order to complete set tasks. Work performed for an organisation or group, where a person gives their time/skills and is not paid for their service. Employment based on the demand for workers at certain times of the year. Employment based on working 35 hours or more per week. Employment based on two people voluntarily sharing the duties of one fulltime position. FULL TIME JOB SHARE SEASONAL CONTRACT VOLUNTARY

Pattern of Work Definition FULL TIME Employment based on working 35 hours or more per week. These employees receive entitlements such as paid annual leave, paid sick leave, and parental leave etc. PART TIME Employment based on working a regular number of hours but less than 35 hours each week. A worker in this type of employment usually receives all, or most, of the benefits of a full time employee but on a proportional basis. CASUAL Employment which is based on an hourly or daily basis and where there is no guarantee of a full weeks work. A worker in this type of employment does not enjoy the same rights and entitlements as full time/part time employees. PERMANENT Employment that is ongoing and stable, usually for a period of 12 months or more. It can be in the form of full time, part time, or casual employment and these employees are entitled to such things as paid leave. CONTRACT Employment based on working for a set period of time. These workers are usually self employed and hire out their services in order to complete set tasks. SHIFTWORK Employment based on working a set/agreed number of hours over a 24 hour period. Employees may work 8 hour/12 hour shifts and can work at different times of the day, afternoons/nights, depending on when they are needed. VOLUNTARY Work performed for an organisation or group, where a person gives their time/skills and is not paid for their service. SELF EMPLOYMENT Employment where a person performs work for their own business or company. These people often work long hours and things such as income and leave entitlements are usually determined by profits made by the business. JOB SHARE Employment based on two people voluntarily sharing the duties of one fulltime position. Both workers are treated as permanent part time employees and as such receive the same entitlements. This pattern of work is only available at the discretion of the employer and is determined as part of a workers agreement/contract. TELECOMMUTING Employment based on working outside of the central work place, through the use of technology – such as the internet, telephone and video conferencing. SEASONAL Employment based on the demand for workers at certain times of the year. Eg. winter snow season. Persons are employed for a specific period of time, dependant on when work is available. WORKING FROM HOME Employment based on the employee completing work from the home, without the need of going in to the central workplace.

STATISTICS

Individuals Athlete Man Woman Carer Couple Wife Husband Renter Yr 10 school leaver Tourist Single person University student Teenager Aged person HSC student Married person Disabled Single mother/father Home owner

Pattern of work Definition Individuals suited to pattern of work. (List one example) Reasons (Why is the pattern of work suitable for the individual) Implications (Affect on individuals/families wellbeing) Full Time Employment based on working 35 hours or more per week. Full time employees receive entitlements such as paid annual leave, paid sick leave, and parental leave etc. Mortgage owner Earning a steady income provides financial security. Full time workers have a set wage or salary that allows them to set a budget. This enables a person to make regular loan repayments and therefore pay off their mortgage comfortably. The implications of an individual with a mortgage working in a full time position may include; Economic wellbeing (+ve) This pattern of work allows a person to feel financially stable as they have set hours and receive a secure salary/wage. A families needs may be able to be met more comfortably with a regular/steady income. Emotional wellbeing (+ve) The person will feel self worth and accomplishment in being able to pay off their mortgage. Their self esteem will be improved as they are able to contribute to the loan repayments. Physical wellbeing (+ve)They may feel safe and secure because they have a place to live. A family may feel a sense of belonging as they have been able to purchase a home and become part of a community. (–ve) The individual may also feel tired and run down from working full time hours and may have less time to spend with the family…etc Analysis