Disasters & Disaster Management By GS Saini, Director National Civil Defence College, Nagpur

The Hazards

Over 65% land area vulnerable to earthquakes; 70% of land under cultivation prone to drought; 40 million hectares to floods; 8,000 km coastline to cyclones. A Major Disaster occurs every 2-3 years; 5 crore people affected annually 10 lakh houses damaged annually along with human,social and other losses During , the annual average damage due to natural disasters has been estimated at 7 crore US $

Terrorism Terrorists attack intends to Create Mass Casualties that have a Demoralizing Psychological Impact upon the populace, and cause a loss of confidence in the Government in furtherance of their political or social objectives.

Industrial Chemical Disasters Methylisocyanate (MIC) incident at Bhopal, India Methylisocyanate (MIC) incident at Bhopal, India 3,300 people killed immediately; 16,000 after ten years 3,300 people killed immediately; 16,000 after ten years 40 tons of MIC released that covered 20 Km 2 40 tons of MIC released that covered 20 Km 2 Over 500,000 people suffered effects of gas Over 500,000 people suffered effects of gas Ground water hazard for ten years Ground water hazard for ten years

Disaster ? A Disaster is an event that occurs in most cases suddenly and unexpectedly, causing severe disturbances to people, objects and environment, resulting in loss of life,property and health of the population. Such a situation causes disruption in normal pattern of life, generating misfortune, helplessness and suffering affecting the socio- economic structure of a region/country to such an extent that there is a need for assistance or immediate outside intervention.

A phenomenon or event which constitutes a trauma for a population/environment. A phenomenon or event which constitutes a trauma for a population/environment. A vulnerable point/area that will bear the brunt of the traumatizing event. A vulnerable point/area that will bear the brunt of the traumatizing event. The failure of local & surrounding resources to cope with the problems created by the phenomenon. The failure of local & surrounding resources to cope with the problems created by the phenomenon. Types of Disasters Types of Disasters Natural - Manmade Natural - Manmade Ingredients of a Disaster

Disasters affecting India Disasters affecting India EARTHQUAKE EARTHQUAKE TSUNAMI TSUNAMI CYCLONE CYCLONE FLOOD FLOOD LANDSLIDE LANDSLIDE BUSHFIRE BUSHFIRE EPIDEMICS EPIDEMICS DROUGHT DROUGHT MAJOR ACCIDENT (FIRE, EXPLOSION, HAZMAT) MAJOR ACCIDENT (FIRE, EXPLOSION, HAZMAT) CIVIL UNREST CIVIL UNREST

GENERAL EFFECTS OF DISASTER LOSS OF LIFE LOSS OF LIFE INJURY INJURY DAMAGE TO AND DESTRUCTION OF PROPERTY. DAMAGE TO AND DESTRUCTION OF PROPERTY. DAMAGE TO AND DESTRUCTION OF PRODUCTION. DAMAGE TO AND DESTRUCTION OF PRODUCTION. DISRUPTION OF LIFESTYLE DISRUPTION OF LIFESTYLE LOSS OF LIVELIHOOD. LOSS OF LIVELIHOOD. DISRUPTION TO ESSENTIAL SERVICES DISRUPTION TO ESSENTIAL SERVICES DAMAGE TO NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE DAMAGE TO NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE DISRUPTION TO GOVERNMENTAL SYSTEMS DISRUPTION TO GOVERNMENTAL SYSTEMS NATIONAL ECONOMIC LOSS NATIONAL ECONOMIC LOSS SOCIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL AFTER EFFECT. SOCIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL AFTER EFFECT.

DISASTER MANAGEMENT “AN APPLIED SCIENCE WHICH SEEKS, BY SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATION AND ANALYSIS OF DISASTERS, TO IMPROVE MEASURES RELATING TO PREVENTION, MITIGATION, PREPAREDNESS, EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND RECOVERY.”

Disaster Management Cycle

What you can do ?

Understand the Hazards

HUNT FOR HAZARDS Every environment contains potential hazards. However, students can learn to identify them so that they can be eliminated or at least reduced. Students should identify potential hazards in their classrooms and homes that could cause damage, injury or death during a disaster. Students should identify potential hazards in their classrooms and homes that could cause damage, injury or death during a disaster. List and, if possible, make changes to eliminate or reduce potential hazards. List and, if possible, make changes to eliminate or reduce potential hazards.

Evaluate the Risk

Risk Hazard + Vulnerability = Risk Hazard + Vulnerability = Risk You can ask students to ascertain the direct causes of most disaster deaths and injuries. Tell students that the phenomenon seldom causes death or injury and most serious damage is caused by falling debris from damaged buildings. You can ask students to ascertain the direct causes of most disaster deaths and injuries. Tell students that the phenomenon seldom causes death or injury and most serious damage is caused by falling debris from damaged buildings.

Know the Outcome

Outcome Damage to the outside and inside of the building can cause. Damage to the outside and inside of the building can cause. Fires from broken chimneys, gas lines, and electrical wires; Fires from broken chimneys, gas lines, and electrical wires; Flooding from broken water pipes Flooding from broken water pipes Toxic fumes from spilled chemicals Toxic fumes from spilled chemicals In the community, disasters can cause In the community, disasters can cause Downed power lines, damage to highways, bridges, railroad tracks Downed power lines, damage to highways, bridges, railroad tracks Flooding from dam failure, fires from spilled gasoline and other chemicals Flooding from dam failure, fires from spilled gasoline and other chemicals Liquefaction and landslides; water sloshing in ponds, pools. Liquefaction and landslides; water sloshing in ponds, pools.

Prevent the Risk

Preparedness at College Students can increase their chances of survival in any disaster by having essential supplies ready, learning about safety and practicing various drills. They can help assemble emergency kits for their home, classroom and family vehicle.

Reduce or Eliminate

OUTREACH AND REASSURANCE Building trust with parents, and college personnel is extremely important. Building trust with parents, and college personnel is extremely important. It if therefore important to build trust and reassure parents and teachers about your respectful and careful approach to the children’s well-being. It if therefore important to build trust and reassure parents and teachers about your respectful and careful approach to the children’s well-being. By having the adults on your side, you can ensure the continuity of follow-up even in your absence. By having the adults on your side, you can ensure the continuity of follow-up even in your absence. It also emphasizes the “We-are-all–in-this-together” attitude for disaster preparedness.

Learn to Survive & Recover

Conclusion Research into Human reactions to Disaster has overwhelmingly recognized that Resilience to Disasters is much more commonly displayed by individuals having pre-knowledge and training to withstand the consequences. Research into Human reactions to Disaster has overwhelmingly recognized that Resilience to Disasters is much more commonly displayed by individuals having pre-knowledge and training to withstand the consequences. After five days of agony, Akash Bhavar, 8, smiles as the pain subsides at the city civil hospital in Ahmedabad on Jan 30. Akash and his brother survived but lost their mother when their house on the outskirts of the city collapsed during the earthquake.

Remember your Survival depends on your Preparedness

Thank you