Communication Considerations…. One Child at a Time GPS: Guide to Providing Services A workshop for Early Intervention Providers Communication Considerations…. One Child at a Time The Learning Center for the Deaf June 10, 2013 Mary Koch Cline, M.A., Auditory Education Consultant Hamilton, MT maryekoch@gmail.com

Communication Priority Pyramid Connection Cognition Communication Language Modality Precision

symbols words LANGUAGE names concepts thoughts literature movies humor education books stories employment ideas history poetry internet conversations relationships friends hearing vision In an environment that meets the needs of the individual child.

Where do we hear?

oo mm ah ee sh The “Speech Banana”

Any sounds ABOVE the recorded thresholds CANNOT be detected. Any sounds BELOW the recorded thresholds CAN be detected. Speech “Submarine”

What CAN be heard

What CAN’T be heard

Unaided Aided Cochlear Implant Moderate Hearing Loss Normal Hearing Severe-to-Profound Severe Unaided Aided Cochlear Implant

Listen in… Can you identify the meaning of 3 Afrikaans words in the following clip: 1. _________________ 2. _________________ 3. _________________

Listen and look... Can you identify the meaning of 3 Afrikaans words in the following clip: 1. _________________ 2. _________________ 3. _________________

At birth, the human brain is still preparing for full operation At birth, the human brain is still preparing for full operation. The brain's neurons exist mostly apart from one another. Nature, Nurture and Early Brain Development Sara Gable, University of Missouri, 2004

These connections are formed when impulses are sent and received between neurons. Nature, Nurture &Early Brain Development Sara Gable, University of Missouri, 2004; paulnussbaum.com/gettoknow.html

It is the creation of these synapses that account for learning. Through meaningful repetition, sounds and words become encoded in the auditory memory. Nature, Nurture &Early Brain Development Sara Gable, University of Missouri, 2004; paulnussbaum.com/gettoknow.html

New: Language and concepts being presented for the first or second time. Review: language and concepts that have been presented repeatedly over a period of at least 2 weeks. Routine: The language of the daily activities of the classroom: transition, snack, instructional routines, etc.

Listening and “The Lazy Eye” Hearing The Weaker Sense Vision The Stronger Sense Listening and “The Lazy Eye”

The Auditory “Sandwich” Visual Clarifier Auditory

Use of Visual Clarifiers Speechreading Sign Gesture Picture Representational Object Actual Object Fish only as “deeply” as is needed to clarify.

Continuum Navigation Guidelines VA V New Review Routine

kӑt gŎtō ʃŎ (cat) (gato) (chat) c a t Symbolic representations of “cat”

Spoken language Sign language ...languages with radically different sensory modalities such as speech and sign are processed at similar brain sites.” Petitto et al

Traditional Communication Continuum AUDITORY VISUAL Auditory-Verbal Auditory-Oral Cued Speech Simultaneous Communication ASL Language Cognition Robbins 2001

Communication “choices” Traditionally viewed as a “parking lot”… Auditory-Verbal Auditory-Oral Cued Speech Simultaneous Communication ASL Language Communication Cognition AUDITORY VISUAL

A Av AV VA V Communication Continuum More like a “skating rink.” Fully Auditory Communicator Mostly Auditory Communicator Mostly Visual Communicator Fully Visual Communicator A Av AV VA V * [Adapted source:Robbins 2000

Continuum Navigation Guidelines VA V New Review Routine

EXPECTATION INDICATORS AUDITORY ACCESS Checklist m oo sh ah ee ss LING 6 SOUND TEST ha ci fm EQUIPMENT RECEPTIVE Modality Auditory Visual A Av AV VA V Role of STUDENT in COMMUNICATION Expressive Receptive E ER RE R EXPRESSIVE Modality Oral Sign O Os OS So S ACADEMIC 2 1 3 4 5 AUDITORY Degree of CHALLENGE EXPECTATION INDICATORS AUDITORY ACCESS & ATTENTION Noise quiet loud Attention none good Familiarity routine new Context Lots! None CONTENT and CONTEXT SIGN LANGUAGE INPUT Interpreter Use Interpreter Sign System ASL Key words SEE Teacher CASE ACoRN © 2007 Boys Town National Research Hospital AUDITORY COMMUNICATION DASHBOARD

Thank you!