Skeletal System Questions 2. There are two main divisions of the skeletal system, the axial (center- skull and spine) and appendicular ( arms and legs) 3. The three types of movement by moveable joints are: Hinge joint – knee, elbow Ball and socket – hip, shoulder Gliding – wrist, ankle 5. The ball and socket joint allows for the most movement because it moves in all directions.

Muscular System Questions The three main functions of the muscular system are movement, maintaining temperature, and posture. Skeletal muscle Cardiac muscle Smooth muscle 5. When you nod you head the muscles in the back of your neck relax and get longer, at the same time the muscles in the front of your neck contract and get shorter pulling your head forward.

Respiratory System Questions 1. Oxygen is used by your body cells to do respiration, which is releasing energy from food using oxygen. 5. The air you inhale has oxygen. The air you exhale has carbon dioxide. 6. A person breathes more rapidly when exercising because the muscles need more energy. The cells need more oxygen to mix with the food to release more energy.

Digestive System Questions 1. The three different functions or jobs of the digestive system are to break food into small pieces ( mouth and stomach), absorb nutrients into the blood (small intestines), and process waste from food. 2. Mechanical digestion would be when the teeth break the food into small pieces. An example of chemical digestion is when the stomach changes starches into sugar, or protein into amino acids. 6. The large and small intestines are the same because they both absorb nutrients. The large and small intestines are different because the small intestine is long and thin and the large intestine is shorter and wider.

Urinary System Questions The four systems that remove waste are: - urinary (kidneys) liquid waste - respiratory system (lungs) removes gas, carbon dioxide - digestive system (large intestines) removes solid waste - sweat gland in the skin remove water and salt 3. Homeostasis is the process of maintaining( keeping) internal conditions. The kidneys helps control the water level in the body. 5. You get thirsty on a hot day because you sweat and lose water. The amount of water in your body decreases. If there is too little water the kidney releases a chemical that makes you thirsty. Drinking water helps return the body to a balance or to homeostasis.

Circulatory System Questions 2. The primary function or job of red blood cells is to carry oxygen to the body cells. 4. The circulatory system works with the respiratory system to bring oxygen to the cells. The circulatory system works with the digestive system to deliver food to the cells. The circulatory system works with the excretory system to collect the cell’s waste and take it to the kidney to be removed. 6. If you run for a few minutes your pulse increases because your body needs more energy. The produce the extra energy you need oxygen and food delivered to the cells more quickly. So, the heart pumps faster to deliver what the cells need faster. When you stop exercising the cells do not need the food and oxygen as fast and your pulse slows down.

Immune System Questions 1. Where foreign material enters. How the body is defended. A cut in the skin White blood cells rush to the site to “eat” the material. Bacteria enters in food you eat. The stomach acid kill the bacteria You breathe in a cold virus. The cilia in your nose and trachea capture in and you sneeze it out. 3. The two ways to develop immunity is to have the illness and make the antibodies to kill the foreign material, or you can have a vaccination to develop immunity in the same way. 5. When you scrape your knee the skin responds by becoming swollen and red. This helps the white bloods cells to get to the scrape faster to “eat the infection”.

Integumentary System Questions The four functions of skin are to repels water, guards against infection, helps maintain body temperature by sweating, and senses the environment (touch). 4. The sensory receptors in the skin react when you are too hot – sweating, pressure – someone touching you, pain – finger prick, and vibration – cell phone in your pocket rings on vibrator. 5. Sensory receptors are important to survival as it allows you to sense danger, too hot, too cold.

Nervous System Questions 1. Sense Stimulus Sight - eyes Changes in amount of light Sound - ears Sound waves or vibrations Touch - skin Hot, cold, rough, smooth Smell - nose Lunch, dinner, popcorn at the movies Taste - tongue Sweet, sour, bitter, salty 3. The nervous and muscular system work together to pull your hand away from something hot you touch. The nerves sense the heat and the brain tells the muscles to contract. The Nervous and Digestive system work together to control how your food moves through the digestive system. Your smooth muscles are involuntary. 4. Chewing and riding a bike are voluntary, you choose to do these activities. Jumping at a loud noise, and eye blinking are autonomic (automatic).

Endocrine System Questions 1. Hormones perform three different jobs: regulate growth and sexual development; balance chemicals in the blood; ready the body to defend itself. 4. A hormone is called a chemical messenger because it is a chemical that is produced by a gland and travels to a body part and “tells “ it what to do – give it a message. 6. Stimuli Response skin cut blood clots infection fever glucose in insulin is the blood produced