Money & Control Create New Opportunities for Branches in Kansas William S. Dunlap, PhD

Kansas Statistics Size approx. 210 X 400 miles 2012 Population – 2.9 million Demographics 84% White 10% Hispanic 6% African American 1% Native American Age Distribution 25% <18 13% >65

Kansas Board of Regents System 32 Institutions 6 Regents Universities 1 Public University 19 Community Colleges 6 Technical Colleges

Private Colleges in Kansas 16 - Colleges/Universities 2 - Two year Colleges

Public Universities

Public Community & Technical Colleges

Studies for Regionalization of CC/AVTS Prior to 1990 – 7 (All rejected by local boards)

Oldest Technical Colleges in Kansas Pittsburg State University – Vocational Technical Institute Created in 1940s Postsecondary Tech School (non-credit) Programs primarily in industrial technology Programs absorbed or Disband with creation of PSU-College of Technology 1992* Kansas Technical Institute at Salina Created in 1965 with the closing of Shilling AFB Associate Degree programs with focus on technology & aviation Changed to Kansas College of Technology 1988 Merge (branch) with Kansas State University 1992

Area Vocational Technical Schools Most were created in early 1960s Primary mission was to serve secondary students Two categories of Governance Type 1 - Single USD Type 2 - Representatives of cooperating school districts

Original Type 1 AVTSs - 11 Atchison – (Northeast) Kansas City KS Flint Hills (Emporia) Kaw (Topeka) Liberal Manhattan Salina Southwest (Dodge City) Wichita CC/AVTS* Cowley CC/AVTS (1964) Pratt CC/AVTS (1984)

Original Type 2 AVTSs - 5 Central (Hutchinson/Newton/McPherson) Johnson County (1985)* North Central (Beloit/Hays) Northwest (Goodland) Southeast (Coffeyville)

Governance Comparison USD Local control Boundary defined by State Department of Education KSDE (not limited to city or county boundaries) Community Colleges Local control County entity AVTSs May be part of single USD - Type 1 Separate Board (Several USDs) – Type 2 Boundary set KSDE

Descriptors of Legislated System “Patch work” “Dysfunctional” “System, What system?”

Sequence to Improvement 1992 (SB 567) Allowed AVTSs to become Technical Colleges Colleges (AVTS) would remain under control of Kansas Department of Education (with Community Colleges) Law did not stipulate anything about general education Application to become Technical College required Technical Colleges to partner with a Community College/University to provide general education course work 1999 (SB 345) Moved Community Colleges, Technical Colleges, and Area Vocational Technical Schools to Kansas Board of Regents 2002 KBOR policy requiring degree granting institutions to obtain HLC/NCA accreditation 2005 KBOR directs staff to prepare paper addressing technical education reform

Sequence to Improvement 2006 (October) KBOR approves recommendations for mergers between all technical institutions and community colleges/universities 2007 Kansas Technical College Vocational School Commission recommends all technical schools merge or become independent colleges Technical Schools may choose to be secondary only Those receiving post-secondary funds must choose to merge with a community college/university or become independent colleges within 5 years Independent colleges must obtain HLC accreditation

Challenges with mergers  Integration of existing cultures  Potential loss of identity and marginalization of mission  Accreditation  Faculty credentials  Program Funding  General Education offerings  Curriculum developed at postsecondary level  Program Variation  Length – 1,080 to 2,800 clock hours  Cost - $1.39 to $6.60 / clock hour  Content – 62 to 81 credit hours  Duplication of Programs (CC v Tech College)  Territories/Service areas  Facilities

Advantages of Merging  Broadened funding base for postsecondary technical education  Immediate HLC/NCA accreditation  General education courses already developed  Seamless transfer of courses  Comprehensive support services  Increased efficiency in service & delivery (economy of scale)  Improved stature/image in higher education community  Board of Control focused on postsecondary education

2007 Program Funding New funding formula needed with change from clock hour to credit hour funding Used national data to establish program cost Source: The Kansas National Study of Community College Instructional Costs and Productivity by Academic Discipline 85% of Kansas Community & Technical Colleges) participated in 2009

Tier Rates for Programs Tier Rate/Credit HourExample Program 1 $105 Medical Assistant 2 $131 Early Childhood Education 3 $144 Power Plant Technology 4 $162 Automotive Technology 5 $170 Computer Aided Drafting Technology 6 $223 Associate Degree Nursing

Extraordinary Cost Assigned to each course with extraordinary costs Three levels LevelRate A$26 B$51 C$102

Funding Ratio Technical Education Current level by Law (up to) 85% State 15% Student Tuition Actual State provides approximately 45% of 85% Free tuition for High Schools enrolled in Tech Ed programs* Proposed (Recommended by TEA) 80% State 20% Student Tuition

Most Realistic Shared Funding Ratio 67% State 33% Student Tuition

So what happened?

Some Did the Dance Northeast Technical College – In, out & In again Kaw Technical School – Ask for an additional year to consider offer from Washburn University North Central – Courted with Ft Hays State University Salina – Courted with KSU – Salina, Cloud County & Hutchinson Community Colleges - Ask for an additional year to consider Wichita – Nasty divorce

AVTSs to Tech Colleges Flint Hills (Emporia) Northwest (Goodland) North Central (Beloit/Hays) Manhattan Wichita Salina*

Mergers with CC/University AVTS/CC Northeast (Atchison) –Highland CC Central Kansas – Hutchinson CC Dodge City – Dodge City CC KCK – KCK CC Southeast (Coffeyville) – Coffeyville CC Liberal – Seward CC (Liberal) AVTS/University Kaw (Topeka) – Washburn University

Trivia Question Who was the student that Highland University initially accepted & then denied admission to, who later went on to become famous for research in the field of agriculture?

Future Mergers Proposed Merger of Ft Hays State University/Dodge City CC (Sp 2014) Includes request for $10M to create new technical education center Lawrence College of Career & Technical Education ( New 2015) Others (had discussions) Pittsburg State University/Ft Scott CC*

New Issues Governors initiative to cut income tax rates and exemption of owners of 191,000 partnerships, sole proprietorships and other businesses from income taxes as an incentive for economic development (largest tax cuts in history) 85 of the 105 Counties have raised mill levies in response

Looking forward Stay tuned for future changes!