Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Gasketology 101 Presented by Richard Rudy and Jack Cooke BASCO, Inc.

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Gasket Performance Keep Product In, Air and Contaminants Out High Internal Pressures Resist Stacking Forces Work With Many Chemicals Temperature Extremes

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Gasket Performance Convenient To Install, Never Fall Out Easy To Close The Drum Must Resist Hydrostatic and Drop Tests Low Cost

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Gasket Design & Selection Factors UN/DOT requirements Curl and Cover geometry Type of locking ring Intended contents of the drum Type of filling and closing operation Expected storage conditions Re-sealability Cost

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. What Is Rubber? A Unique Material Stores and Releases Energy Made Like a Cake Vulcanization is Irreversible

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Rubber Materials Natural Rubber (NR) / Isoprene (IR)

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Rubber Materials Natural Rubber (NR) / Isoprene (IR) Styrene Butadiene (SBR)

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Rubber Materials Natural Rubber (NR) / Isoprene (IR) Styrene Butadiene (SBR) Ethylene-Propylene (EPDM)

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Rubber Materials Natural Rubber (NR) / Isoprene (IR) Styrene Butadiene (SBR) Ethylene-Propylene (EPDM) Chloroprene (CR)

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Rubber Materials Natural Rubber (NR) / Isoprene (IR) Styrene Butadiene (SBR) Ethylene-Propylene (EPDM) Chloroprene (CR) Nitrile (NBR)

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Rubber Materials Natural Rubber (NR) / Isoprene (IR) Styrene Butadiene (SBR) Ethylene-Propylene (EPDM) Chloroprene (CR) Nitrile (NBR) Fluorocarbon (e.g.Viton ® )

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Rubber Materials Natural Rubber (NR) / Isoprene (IR) Styrene Butadiene (SBR) Ethylene-Propylene (EPDM) Chloroprene (CR) Nitrile (NBR) Fluorocarbon (e.g.Viton ® ) Coated Rubber

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Relative Rubber Cost

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Rubber Types Cellular (Sponge) Rubber Dense Rubber

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Cellular (Sponge) Rubber

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Sponge Rubber Gaskets Square Sponge Sponge Cord Special Profiles

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Square Sponge Gaskets

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Open-Cell Sponge Cord Gaskets

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Closed-Cell Sponge Cord Gaskets

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Special Profile Gaskets MultiSeal ™ Pinnochio ™ WaveSeal ™ VariSeal ™

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. MultiSeal ™ Gasket

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Pinnochio ™ Gasket

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. WaveSeal ™ Gasket

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. VariSeal ™ Gasket

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Dense Rubber Gaskets Tubular

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Tubular Gaskets

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. When standard gaskets won’t work Engineered sealing solutions

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Mechanical Properties Tensile Strength and Elongation

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Tensile Strength and Elongation Measures of strength and stretch

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Mechanical Properties Tensile Strength and Elongation Density and Compression Deflection

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Density and Compression-Deflection How Much Does A Certain Amount Weigh? How Much Effort Does It Take To Compress It?

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Mechanical Properties Tensile Strength and Elongation Density and Compression Deflection Compression Set

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Compression Set Measure of Size ASTM Standard D395 Not “Real World”

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Compression Set in Sponge Rubber Permanent Deformation of Open Cells

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Compression Set in Sponge Rubber Gas Diffusion from Closed Cells

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Compression Set in Sponge Rubber Gasket 24 Hours After Removal Fresh Gasket

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Mechanical Properties Tensile Strength and Elongation Density and Compression Deflection Compression Set Stress Relaxation / Creep

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Stress Relaxation Measure of Force Related to Compression Set Not “Real World” Creep

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Mechanical Properties Tensile Strength and Elongation Compression Deflection Compression Set Stress Relaxation / Creep Hardness

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Hardness Resistance to indentation Widely used for dense rubber Not good for sponge Indentor

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Mechanical Properties Tensile Strength and Elongation Density and Compression Deflection Compression Set Stress Relaxation / Creep Hardness Service Temperature

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Service Temperature MaterialLower LimitUpper Limit SBR-85°F+158°F Natural Rubber-85°F+158°F EPDM-80°F+300°F Neoprene-65°F+225°F Nitrile-55°F+275°F Urethane-70°F+250°F Silicone-180°F+525°F Viton-40°F+500°F

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Mechanical Properties Tensile Strength and Elongation Density and Compression Deflection Compression Set Stress Relaxation / Creep Hardness Service Temperature Storage and Shelf Life

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Storage and Shelf Life

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Storage and Shelf Life Store at 40º - 80º F, 75% RH Avoid freezing, never exceed 120º F Protect from sunlight Avoid electric motors and high voltage

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Industry Standards STM RMA MIL Standards

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Industry Standards STM Not useful by itself Not very meaningful for drum gaskets

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Industry Standards STM RMA

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Industry Standards STM RMA MIL Standards

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Chemical Compatibility Drum Gaskets Have Narrow Compatibility Usually Not a Critical Factor

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Chemical Compatibility Lab Derived Not “Real World” Avoid Overspecifying

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Food Grade Rubber FDA Compliance Based on Ingredients

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Kosher Certification

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. MSDS and Gaskets MSDS not required Gaskets are “articles”

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Used vs. New? Questionable quality Questionable performance New is best

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. So, How Does The Gasket “Fit In”? Drums are non-precision systems Stress Relaxation Measuring “tightness”

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. So, What’s The Right Gasket? No “silver bullet” The Right G asket The Best Value Right

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. OK, It’s Time To Wake Up!

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. BASCO 2595 Palmer Avenue University Park, IL Fax