IPSC - Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen Joint Research Centre (JRC) IGARSS.

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IPSC - Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen Joint Research Centre (JRC) IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 1 OIL SPILL DETECTION USING COSMO-SKYMED OVER THE ADRIATIC SEA: THE OPERATIONAL POTENTIAL Michele Vespe : Guido Ferraro : Monica Posada : Harm Greidanus : Marko Perkovic :

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 2 OUTLINE - INTRODUCTION - PRODUCTS - OIL SPILL DETECTION CHAIN - AN OPERATIONAL CASE - IMAGE QUALITY - CONCLUSIONS

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 3 INTRODUCTION AIS

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 4 INTRODUCTION CSK Announcement of Opportunity: Satellite surveillance of Oil Pollution in the Adriatic Sea (SOPA) ~100 Wide Region mode images (VV pol)

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 5 OIL SPILL DETECTION CHAIN Classification output: a potential detection in the Adriatic Sea. Original Wide Region and pre- processed image

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 6 18 May 2011, Two CSK WR images spaced by 12 hours OPERATIONAL CASE

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 7 OPERATIONAL CASE COSMO-SkyMed Product © ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (2011)

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 8 12 HOURS LATER … COSMO-SkyMed Product © ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (2011)

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 9 AN OPERATIONAL CASE CSK1 ascending and CSK3 descending WR acquisitions over the same area off the coast of Otranto, Italy. The images are about 12 hours apart from each other. Two of the dark features are operational oil spills (‘a’ and ‘b’), whereas the third one (‘c’) is unlikely anthropogenic but probably related to oil seepage, circularly shaped by the currents. COSMO-SkyMed Product © ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (2011)

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 10 CASE I ICG - AIS COSMO-SkyMed Product © ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (2011)

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada : : : : : : km ICG - AIS COSMO-SkyMed Product © ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (2011) CASE I

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 12 CASE I ICG - AIS COSMO-SkyMed Product © ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (2011)

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 13 CASE II AIS COSMO-SkyMed Product © ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (2011)

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada : :42 (travelling 5.3 knots, far away from the detection at T_SAR) knots knots :36 CASE II AIS COSMO-SkyMed Product © ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (2011)

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 15 IMAGE QUALITY Dark feature detectable at shallow incidence angle, 51º (left) to 57º (right) VV polarized WR product. COSMO-SkyMed Product © ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (2011) Although the low wind speed (~6.5 to 8 m/s) measured across the area, the possible slick is still detectable at a local incidence angle ~53º. Moreover, even at far range where the incidence angle is around 57º, the sea backscatter is still above the NEσ0. For the present data set, the radiometric resolution measured directly from the image products (< 1.85 dB) is in line with the performance requirements in order to detect low contrast spills.

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 16 CONCLUSIONS The COSMO-SkyMed image quality in terms of sensitivity and radiometric resolution, combined with the X-band increase of oil spill damping ratio, augment its operational detection capabilities over previous C-band systems. The high revisit time of the constellation over the Mediterranean Basin allows for the first time improvements of the: i)monitoring capabilities over the area, and ii)evaluation of the persistency of oil spills, sometimes lower than 12 hours, making COSMO-SkyMed an effective asset for oil spill detection operational services.

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 17 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS COSMO-SkyMed Anouncement of opportunity: demonstration of COSMO-SkyMed capabilitiews and exploitation for science and civilian applications. Provided by the Italian Space Agency. AIS data where provided by: - Italian Coast Guard, - US Dept. of Transportation / Volpe Center. SAR processing tools were developed within EMSA-JRC collaboration framework on satellite monitoring techniques for oil spill detections

IGARSS 2011 – 29 th of July Vancouver, Canada 18 Questions? Thanks for your attention Michele Vespe : Guido Ferraro : Monica Posada : Harm Greidanus : Marko Perkovic :