STATE OF THE ART OF MASONRY AND ADOBE BUILDINGS IN PERU UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE INGENIERIA LIMA-PERU Facultad de Ingeniería Civil CENTRO PERUANO JAPONES DE INVESTIGACIONES SISMICAS Y MITIGACION DE DESASTRES - CISMID Patricia GIBU & Carlos ZAVALA

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION 1. Use of adobe and masonry 2. Standards vs. Design & construction 3. Experimental, analytical and diffussion work at CISMID Adobe Masonry Other related 4. Structural Laboratory at CISMID Topics

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION 1. USE OF ADOBE & MASONRY MASONRY n Extensively use for houses & small buildings (up 5 stories) in urban areas n Confining elements (RC beam, colums)

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION ADOBE n Commonly used for houses (up 5 stories) in countryside: small towns & rural areas n Built by the users themselves 1. use of adobe & masonry

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION 2. STANDARDS VS. DESIGN& CONSTRUCTION MASONRY (NTE-E ) n Elastic Design under service conditions n Provide allowable stresses values n New proposal: ultimate capacity approach – planning, wall density, design details for RC elements Both materials included in National Standard for Construction (RNC) as a specific codes for each material D&C:Local goverment offices: project examination vs. actual construction up to workers or foreman as contractor. Among elder&young engineers: missunderstanding of system (RC)

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION 2. Standards vs. Design & Construction ADOBE (NTE-E ) n Simple reinforcing elements are required: cane rods, wood, wire mesh or RC elements n Allowable stresses based on unit compression strength D&C: design or check are rarely made. Owners construct by themselves difficult to promote use of reinforcing element if means higher cost

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION 3. EXPERIMENTAL, ANALYTICAL & DIFUSSION WORK AT CISMID a) Adobe walls retroffiting (Zavala&Igarashi) at the corners of walls of existing houses using polietilene textile (bags) carrizo mat (estera)

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION b) Brochure on Tapial construction (Planning Dpt: Alarcon&Rios) Diffusion promoted jointly with private mining company 3. Experimental.... Work at CISMID

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION c) Optimization of masonry structures – Phase 1 : Materials (Chariarse&Pique&Scaletti 1990) JOINTLY RESEARCH SUPPORTED BY JICA 3. Experimental.... Work at CISMID

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION d) Confined Masonry walls – Lateral cyclic loading (Gibu&Serida&Pique 1993) Undergraduate Civ. Eng.Thesis supported by Buckley&Konno Engs. 3. Experimental.... Work at CISMID Different kinds of reinforcement and parameters studied (axial load, connection wall-confining column)

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION e) An Analytical Study of Behavior of Confined Masonry under Lateral cyclic loading ( Rojas, V. 1994) 3. Experimental.... Work at CISMID Adopting a micro-model proposed by Noguchi (1984), numerical analysis was performed using previous experimental data of tested walls. Comparison of failure pattern

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION f) Full Scale on Line Test on Two Story Masonry Building Using Handmade Bricks (Zavala, Honma, Gibu &Gallardo, 2002) Under support of Japanese side: BRI, Yokohama Ntl. Univ., Center for Better Living & IDI) 3. Experimental.... Work at CISMID Monitoring Construction Material & walls testing Full scale model testing Masonry Construction Guide

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION f)...Full Scale on Line Test on Two Story Masonry Building 3. Experimental.... Work at CISMID Test specimen setting & Guide for construction

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION 以上 - MUCHAS GRACIAS

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION 4. STRUCTURAL LABORATORY AT CISMID Steel structures behavior a) Structural components (braces, beams, columns, joints)

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION b) Full scale structures

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION Traditional structures (adobe & masonry)

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION Others works & services a) Thin wall systems

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION b) Special structures

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION c) Urban Vulnerabilty models

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION Energy disipation devices

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION Services