The digital divide and the future of HEPGrid in México Dr. Arnulfo Martínez Dávalos Instituto de Física U N A M

Income and education  GDP : ~$920 billion [13th of 225]  Poorest 10%: 1.3% [97th of 155]  Poorest 20%: 3.7% [99th of 155]  Richest 20%: 57.4% [15th of 155]  Richest 10%: 41.7% [15th of 155]  Research expenditure: 0.4% [48th of 69]  Years of schooling (avg.): 7.2 [35th of 102]  Scientific literacy: 42% [27th of 27]

Internet use  Personal computers: 5.7M [14th of 162]  Internet users: 3.5M (USA 165M)  ISPs: 51 (USA 7000)  Internet hosts/10^5 p.: 5.7 (USA 295) USA has more PCs than the next 7 countries combined (jp,de,uk,kr,fr,ca,it)

Geographical distribution

CUDI and e-Mexico  Corporación Universitaria para el Desarrollo de Internet (  Its mission is to promote and coordinate the development of telecommunication networks and computing for educational and scientific purposes in Mexico  e-México (  The project’s main objective is to broaden the scope of public services and to provide information in four basic categories: education, health, economy and government, using ICTs

CUDI Members  Academic Associates: 17 (all major Universities)  Institutional Associates: 5 (Avantel, Telmex, Enterasys, Cisco, CONACYT)  Academic Affiliates: 28 (including Cinvestav!)  Corporate Affiliates: 2 (Marconi, VCON)

CUDI Backbone CANCUN Tijuana SDSC Cd Juárez REYNOSA HOUSTON vBNS UTEP México Guadalajara Monterrey 155Mbs

BACKBONE MéxicoGuadalajara Monterrey Tijuana VPN 2Mb/s ATMATM+IPIP COMMODITY INTERNET Affiliated nodes Access nodes (Members) Academic Nodes

México D.F. Puebla Pue. Cuernavaca Mor. Jalapa Ver. IPNUAMUNAM CONACyTILCE UDLAP BUAP UV UAEM 155Mb TELMEXAVANTEL ITESM Edo Mex CIC Mexico City node

e-Mexico Community Centers

Centros Comunitarios Digitales

Physics research in Mexico

Distribution by degree

Distribution by subject Physical Sciences (2002)

Distribution by institution Physical Sciences (2002)

Geographical distribution

Scientific vs. Economic development

Institutes with HENP interests  BUAP (Puebla)  Cinvestav (D.F. and Mérida)  IF-UASLP (San Luis Potosí)  IFUG (Guanajuato)  IF-UMSNH (Michoacán)  ININ (Edo. de México)  ICN-UNAM (D.F.)  IF-UNAM (D.F.)

The Institute of Physics, UNAM  Theoretical Physics  Experimental Physics  Solid State  Physical Chemistry  Condensed Matter  Complex Systems  150+ research staff  ~50 research areas  ~240 projects  4 (small) accelerators  Microscopy Lab.  SAXS, XRDS

Computing Infrastructure We have:  ~600 computers  PC’s, WS’s  Unix, Linux, *BSD, Win*, OS X  Gigabit network  Clusters (6)  Teaching Lab. Working on:  Videoconference  Mass storage  Wireless network  TV-física  VoIP

FO backbone at IFUNAM

Network Topology

Clusters at IFUNAM  5 Beowulf  4 Alpha + 16 PIII  10 Ath + 6 G G3  52 nodes  88 processors  1 OpenMosix  20 nodes  10 Athlon XP  10 P4 3.0 GHz

Scientific Computing  Local projects  Nanoscience Research Network  Microscopy Virtual Lab.  Pyramid of the Sun (MC: muons)  Medical Physics (MC: PET, RNS )  International collaborations  ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment)  AMS (Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer)  MammoGrid?

ALICE (at LHC)

World Wide Collaboration  distributed computing & storage capacity LHC:> 5000physicists > 270 institutes > 60 countries

Bandwidth utilisation

Network IFUNAMIFUNAM CERN Instituto de Física, UASLP

Ping plotter

Special thanks to Carlos López Nataren Supercómputo Javier Martínez Mendoza Seguridad Neptalí González Gómez Redes