THIRD EDITION OF THE ROMAN MISSAL, POST VATICAN II. The English-language Translation of the 2002 Missale Romanum

THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE TRANSLATION OF THE THIRD EDITION OF THE (POST VATICAN II) MISSALE ROMANUM. What is it that we are receiving?

THE GENERAL INSTRUCTION OF THE ROMAN MISSAL; THE PRAYERS AND RITES USED AT MASS. What does it contain?

OLDEST ACCOUNT OF THE LAST SUPPER ST PAUL, WRITING IN 1 CORINTHIANS ( )(C56?AD) “FOR THIS IS WHAT I RECEIVED FROM THE LORD, AND IN TURN PASSED ON TO YOU…..” Where do those prayers and rites come from?

Early descriptions St Justin c.150AD First Apology And on the day called Sunday, all who live in cities or in the country gather together to one place, and the memoirs of the apostles or the writings of the prophets are read, as long as time permits; then, when the reader has ceased, the president verbally instructs, and exhorts to the imitation of these good things. Then we all rise together and pray, and, as we before said, when our prayer is ended, bread and wine and water are brought, and the president in like manner offers prayers and thanksgivings, according to his ability, and the people assent, saying Amen; and there is a distribution to each, and a participation of that over which thanks have been given, and to those who are absent a portion is sent by the deacons.

West & East

Liturgical Families of the East Eastern liturgies derive from two “parent type” liturgies: Egypt and Syria Egyptian Parent: Lower Egypt, Upper Egypt, Alexandria, Ethiopia Syrian Parent: Antioch, Palestine, Asia,(Cappadocia, Pontus, Byzantium), Armenia, Mesopotamia/Persia

Source Document for Eastern Liturgies Serapion; Deir Balizeh fragments;Liturgy of St Mark;Didascalia; “Apostolic Tradition”; Testamentum Domini; writings of Chrysostom & Cyril of Jerusalem; Liturgy of St James; et al.

Liturgies of the West

Liturgical Rites of the West Western Liturgy had many “parents”. Western Rites: African (Carthage & Hippo); Roman (Roman, Italian peninsular; North Africa) ; Ambrosian (Milan, northern Italy) ; Mozarabic (Toledo, Andalucia) ; Gallican (Gaul, esp. Tours & Rheims) ; Celtic (really a variant of the Roman Rite ) ( Ireland, Wales, Cornwall, Scotland, Brittany, parts of Nth. Spain)

THE ROMAN RITE Essentially, the rite of the city of Rome, especially of the early papal liturgy, adopted throughout the West. Direct influence of the popes, e.g. Gregory the Great A unifying influence in the Western Church Nevetheless, diverse local cultures, and Eastern practices, contributed elements to it, which fed back into the Roman usage. e.g. The Agnus Dei; the Creed.

Counter-Reformation Post Council of Trent: Consolidation of the various usages into conformity with the Roman Missal.

The Mass in English: a timeline. June 1962: Missal of John XXIII. October 1962: Vatican II Opened (John XXIII). 1963: Constitution Sacrosanctum Concilium. 1964: Edition of the 1962 Missal with the peoples’ parts in English. 1966: Sacramentary published: Prayers at the foot of the altar shortened, no Last Gospel, all English except the private prayers of the priest, Offertory prayers and Canon. 1968: Canon in English published as insert to the Sacramentary

The Mass in English 1969 Comme le prevoit: (on translation method) 1970: 1 st Latin Typical Edition of the Missale Romanum 1974: 1 st English Typical Edition 1975: 2 nd Latin Typical Edition 1985: 2 nd English Typical Edition 2001: Liturgiam Authenticam, (on translation method) 2002: 3 rd Latin Typical Edition 2011: 3 rd English Typical Edition

So… Three phases of English translations: Interim translations, translation (1 st & 2 nd Typical Editions) 2011 translation (3 rd Typical Edition)

Influences on the Several Translations: 1970’s translation: Comme le prevoit dynamic equivalence, a sort of re-imagining of the text as it would be if it had first been written in English translation: Liturgiam authenticam 2001, -formal equivalence, conveying the content and, to the extent compatible with English, the style of the Latin text