BCT 102 Residential Print Reading Week 10

MEP “Mechanical Electrical & Plumbing” … work coordinates with all other trades *

. “Mechanical & Plumbing” Mechanical - HVAC (Heating Venting and Air conditioning). Electrical – lighting fixtures, switches, outlets, panels, appliances, etc. Plumbing - pipes, fixtures & fittings; water supply/distribution, and waste removal.

Mechanical HVAC * SIMPLIST FORM….

Mechanical System- Common types 1.Central Forced air (Furnace/fan blower /condenser & compressors; ducts; registers/diffusers) Heat Pump – Heat & Cooling within One unit Most Common type of Heating/Cooling* takes heat out of inside air (cooling) or takes heat out of outside air to heat bldg. 2.Hydronic Hot Water system (Boilers/pipes supply hot water to Radiators/Baseboards/or tube arrays below floor – YOUR TERMINAL UNITS – RADIANT Type Heat exchange) 3.Radiant (Control surface temp. of heating panel or Floor at the heat source Uniform heat/reduced air movement) use Electricity to heat Coils under floor or Piped hot (or cold) water to radiate heat

Forced Air Furnace heat house thru convection Two part system : central heating device-Furnace + distribution network-Ducts Fan blows heated air from the heat exchanger into supply Plenum smaller branch ducts tap into plenum air supply flows to Diffusers (in ceiling or floor registers). Air return grills centrally located picks up return air and carries it back to furnace via return duct into a return air plenum Gas Furnaces have exterior air intake and exhaust for the combustion chamber

Heat pump Heat pump extracts heat from space at low temp & discharges it to another space at a higher temp 2 heat exchangers, a compressor & expansion valve & interconnecting pipes filled with refrigerant. Reversing the direction of the refrig. Flow system can either heat or Cool Compressor sits outside the house on a concrete pad feeding the chilled refrig. to fan coil units

Condition the air using Nature : Cross ventilation (open windows) Stack effect (heat rises so remove it from Roof area/vent opening skylights) Ceiling fans (or whole house fan work With stack effect) Block solar heat gain (overhangs & low E insulated glass) Heat-storing (like concrete /masonry absorb heat & release heat slowly

Mechanical System- Forced CONDITIONED Air Furnace feed heated air through ducts & deliver it to registers(or diffusers) Return air to system through return grills separtated from diffuser.

Mechanical System- Forced Furnace/ducts & registers….Air intake to furnace & exhaust

11 Mechanical System- forced air thru ducts delivered at the supply register floor or ceiling) Heat pumps-One unit heats & cools

Mechanical System- Hydronic ………………..Hot water Boiler/pipes & Radiators or Terminal unit TU

Radiant Floor in Detail Section

Heat pump hooked up to furnace with thermostat Zones Provide Flexibility/ temperature reading.

Mechanical System- Zones Provide Flexibility/Efficiency – Control temperature of Areas (or rooms) individually with thermostats and Dampers Thermostats The control for Heating & Cooling Should be centrally located in zoned area or house to give an average temperature reading.

Mechanical symbols in a legend on the dwg. 1. s.

Duct layout for forced- air system

Simple HVAC layout in a ceiling plan - give register locations…heat registers often near cold area – windows; return grill centrally located in hall SUPPLY DIFFUSER (REGISTER) RETURN AIR GRILL

. Plumbing

. …is your Water distribution System Waste disposal (sanitary sewage) DRAIN WASTE VENT or DWV Supply -Pipes for Heat/Cold water …. gas gets piped too!

... se wa ge dis po sal is life saf ety iss ue. L i c. P l u m b e r i n s t a ll s s y s t e m i n a c c o r d a n c e w it h s p e c s a n d l o c a l c o d e s

Water Meter Housing

Water Meter

supply Water enters the house in ¾” to 1” pipe –Pressure Reduction Valve –80psi coming in –Reduce to psi

Pressure Reduction Valve

... sewage disposal is life safety issue. Waste lines… Lic. Plumber installs system in accordance with specs and local codes...for Houses pipe layout (DWGS.) are not required as fixtures & fittings are located on plans.... Riser diagrams are! For inspector to see adequate connections and pipe sizes

DRAIN PIPINGSTACKSHOUSE & SEWER DRAINS TRAPSVENT STACKS & PIPES Building Drain Sewer Line

... sewage disposal P-trap & Air-vent for waste disposal system to work Slope of waste lines ¼” : 1’ Vent Through Roof VTR VTR

P-Trap DWV

S-Trap and Drum TrapsDWV

Trap Facts All plumbing fixtures require traps All traps require vents A critical distance must be maintained between the trap weir and the nearest vent

P-Traps DWV

Vents Max. Distance of fixture trap from vent –1 ¼” Trap 60” –1 ½” Trap 72” –2” Trap 96” –3” Trap 144” –4” Trap 192”

Vents What happens when the vent is too far from the trap? Three options –Increase the size of the trap –Re-Vent –Bow Vent (Loop Vent) –Automatic Vent

Supply Lines - Pipes shown & Abbrev. Text

Plum bing 3 stage s of constr uction 1. Se rvice entr ance (prio r to FND. Con cret e pour ) 2. Ro ugh- in plum bing (pipi ng/d rains - Insp ecte d) 3. Fi nish ed plum bing insta ll fixtur es & conn ectio ns (follo w GYP. Wall s) Plumbing hidden in the walls... WASTE STACK

Plumbing 3 stages of construction 1. Service entrance (prior to FND. Concrete pour) 2. Rough-in plumbing(piping/drains - Inspected) 3. Finished plumbing install fixtures & connections (follow GYP. Walls) Plumbing hidden in the walls...

. Plumbing AT STREET AT HOUSE

44 Sewage Disposal - Sewer or Septic (ATat the street…

45 Sewage Disposal - Sewer or Septic

Plumbing symbols found in legend on plumbing drawings symbols can vary Text

Plumbing – Waste or DWV – Riser diagram or Single line Dwg. shows pipe & air vent layout & sizes...could be required for Permit (Pipe Diam. shown) VTR vent thru roof C.O. clean out

Plumbing - PIPE LAYOUT....Supply just showing hot/cold system from water heater (not as common in print set).

Single-line dwg. RISER DIAGRAM Required Dwg. Pictorial to understand single-line dwg.

Plumbing for hydronic heat – like this kitchen base cabinet toe kick heater or radiant floor piping Required Dwg. Pictorial to understand single-line dwg.

Mechanical HVAC * Fixtures (Toilet/sink/tub.....) & Fittings (faucet/drain/sprayer...) to be specified FIXTURES located on plans & Qty. – Fittings identified in schedules!

Electrical & Lighting *...of the MEP info, Elec. + Lighting locations will be in the print set on own sheet / or on floor plan if not too complex a layout.

53 Lighting Layout on plan with furnishings..... for more complex lighting layout RCP – reflected ceiling plan

Electrical & Lighting * ….Elec. at Rough-in Stage …Electrical connection to house from source

Electrical & Lighting Symbols - on interior Elevation on plan …. With Some updates & missing info

Electricity outlet symbols

Electricity symbols

Electricity outlet symbols

Electricity lighting symbols

Electricity special purpose symbols

Electricity switch symbols Single pole switch Double pole switch Three way switch Four way switch Single pole switch w/ dimmer Three way switch w/dimmer

Lights and outlets in kitchen & bath areas...similarities from house to house GFCI – ground fault circuit interrupter (outlet for damp locations - near sinks) GFCI

Outlets & Switches Interior Elevations …regulated by NEC code... walk through the house at the front door looking at outlets and light switches

code regulates min. number of outlets placed... NEC National Electrical Code...work performed by lic. Electrician for occupancy permit

. Electrical A ampere =rate of flow V voltage = force ampere move by W wattage = how much elec. Is used or Power use A x V = W

. Electrical Amps used to rate appliances Volts varying pressure at service panel (120/240V typ. for USA house) Amps to size circuit breaker (Kwh use is elec. measured at meter (or 1000 watt hours = 1 Kwh)