1 Strengthening actions for effective implementation of anti-corruption measures: Maintaining the pressure Global Forum V Sandton, South Africa 04 April 2007 Hennie van Vuuren Corruption & Governance Programme Institute for Security Studies Strengthening actions for effective implementation of anti-corruption measures: Maintaining the pressure Global Forum V Sandton, South Africa 04 April 2007 Hennie van Vuuren Corruption & Governance Programme Institute for Security Studies

2 Presentation Overview What is necessary to ensure that implementation measures are sustainable? What are the resource implications of becoming party to International Agreements? Political will is shaped by public agitation

3 Sustainability: The preconditions Establish a sound basis for a National Integrity System: 1.Recognise that inequality matters 2.Towards political will 3.Beware the blind spots - private is public 4.Look back, face forward

4 Sustainability: The preconditions “Power does not corrupt. Fear corrupts… perhaps the fear of loss of power” - John Steinbeck Inequality matters: The wealth gap is key to tackling corruption This together with rampant consumerism is a key determinant of corruption Corrupted elites will not be dislodged if economic inequality is not tackled head-on

5 Sustainability: The preconditions Towards political wilI: Don’t politicise anti-corruption It is not not a means unto itself - must become element of developmental approach Popularise Anti-Corruption Show that it works: Sequence reform and sustain quick wins Tackle the big fish Start process to repatriate assets for development Ensure that political parties see a benefit in tackling corruption

6 Sustainability: The preconditions Beware the blind spot - Private is public: Private sector corruption - as important as public The criminilisation of private sector crimes should be regarded as mandatory Focus on private interest politics: Strictly regulate the assets and interests of politicians Strict rules to regulate and cap the private funding of political parties Complement OECD Convention with multilateral response by developing countries to corrupt corporations

7 Sustainability: The preconditions “…[wo]men make their own history, but they do not make it as they please; they do not make it under self-selected circumstances, but under circumstances existing already, given and transmitted from the past. The tradition of all dead generations weighs like a nightmare on the brains of the living” -Karl Marx Look back - face forward: Tackle entrenched culture of corruption Unsettle elite structures Create a culture of punishing impunity Some moves in the right direction: Indonesia, Nigeria, Peru etc.

8 Resource implications Save on resources: Identify partners in civil society, academics, technical assistance agencies and IGO’s that can provide training and technical assistance Cut costs: Implement Conventions concurrently Sequence reforms & develop integrated anti- corruption strategies

9 Resource implications Prioritise resource allocation: Law making process Functioning of institutions including the independent anti-corruption agency/ies Involvement and education of civil society Commit to sustainable funding model for building institutions and enforcing law Undertake a cost benefit analysis of building institutions and enforcing law

10 Public agitation: voices from below Prioritise cohesion between within civil society before coalitions with government and the private sector Civil society and media play crucial role in awareness raising and monitoring - focus on the local level Promote participatory governance at the local level

11 Strengthening actions for effective implementation of anti-corruption measures: Maintaining the pressure Global Forum V Sandton, South Africa 04 April 2007 Hennie van Vuuren Corruption & Governance Programme Institute for Security Studies Strengthening actions for effective implementation of anti-corruption measures: Maintaining the pressure Global Forum V Sandton, South Africa 04 April 2007 Hennie van Vuuren Corruption & Governance Programme Institute for Security Studies