The Swiss Association vision for the period Presented by M. Q. Tran on behalf of the CRPP

Plan Introduction Experimental plasma physics activities : TCV and Torpex Theory and modeling Technology activities in support of ITER and DEMO Conclusion CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop2

Introduction The CRPP was founded in May 1961 Since its foundation, it has developed unique expertise in many fields which are of high relevancy for the development of ITER and DEMO The strategy of the Association is to develop these fields along the four lines identified for the programme: 1.Construction of ITER 2.Secure ITER operation 3.Prepare Generation ITER 4.Fusion power plant (DEMO) CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop3

The Tokamak à Configuration Variable TCV R= 0.9m; a= 0.25m B T ≤ 1.5T; I p ≤ 1.2MA 16 independent shaping coils 4.5 MW ECW system 1 < elongation < < triangularity < 1 General TCV mission: contribute to physics basis for -ITER scenarios -DEMO design -tokamak concept improvement CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop

5 TCV research avenues Advanced scenarios with steady-state internal transport barriers and large non-inductive and bootstrap currents Physics of H-mode, including ELM-free H-mode with X3 Transport, intrinsic rotation and turbulence Physics of Electron Cyclotron Heating and Current Drive Real time control of plasma and heating systems, including new plasma shapes and configurations Plasma edge physics Common aspect: use of TCV unique capabilities (shape, EC, real time capabilities) CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop

6 TCV upgrades TCV in operation since 1992, EC heating since 2000 To enhance relevancy of results for burning plasma studies, TCV should achieve –Higher  N, wide range of T e /T i, lower collisionality This would require –Enhancements in heating systems NBI (up to 3x1MW D injectors, E b ~25keV) X3 power upgrade (up to 3x1MW new gyrotrons) –Improvements in plasma control, in particular for ELMs In-vessel RMP coils Modification of in-vessel components (LFS tiles) CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop

7 Future role of TCV ITER physics support, scenario development –Wider areas of parameter space, physics of T e /T i variations (including T i ~T e ) with electron heating –Unique input to understand electron-ion coupled turbulence –Move advanced and baseline scenarios into reactor relevant range H-modes with T i ~T e,    >2.5, H 98 >1.5 –Control strategies/validation for sawteeth, NTMs, RWM, ELMs ITER technology support –Control hardware and software Concept improvements (beyond ITER) –New shapes tested in more reactor relevant conditions for stability and confinement (H-mode, , T i /T e ~1) Education –TCV will remain a prolific source of high quality fusion scientists CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop

Basic plasma physics 8 Goal: Advance understanding of fundamental phenomena in magnetized plasma with link between fusion, theory, space and solar physics Characterization of turbulence and underlying wave phenomena Physics and control of turbulence structures (blobs) Studies of the plasma boundary edge: sheaths and impact of neutrals on turbulence Interaction between suprathermal ions and turbulence The TORPEX device CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop Use of TORPEX with magnetic field structure of increasing complexity, from simple magnetized plasma to tokamak-like and 3D Full validation platform for numerical models in view of fusion experiments Basic approach particularly adapted for education thanks to hands-on experimentation and theory-experiment synergies

Theory, first-principles: present status Turbulence Operational regimes Concept improvement NTMs Sawteeth ELMs Advanced scenarios ELMs, ripple Novel and optimized 3D configurations Heat Particle Momentum transport TCV, JET, TORPEX, … TCV, JET,… W7X, LHD, RFX, … Core (gyrokinetic) Core (gyrokinetic) Edge (fluid) 3D configurations MHD RF heating Fast particles 3D effects 9CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop

Theory: numerical code developments Turbulence Operational regimes Concept improvement Core (gyrokinetic) Core (gyrokinetic) Edge (fluid) 3D configurations MHD RF heating Fast particles 3D effects State-of-the-art, massively parallel codes Developed “in-house” and in collaboration  Expertise retention HPC Platforms : HPC-FF, IFERC PetaFlops  Exascale ORB5, GENE GBS TERPSICHORE KINX VENUS LEMAN SCENIC ANIMEC Algorithmic developments, code refactoring, optimization 10CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop

Theory: the roadmap Turbulence Operational regimes Concept improvement Core (gyrokinetic) Core (gyrokinetic) Edge (fluid) 3D configurations MHD RF heating Fast particles 3D effects ITER relevant studies DEMO relevant studies First- principles Integrated Tokamak Simulation First- principles Integrated Tokamak Simulation First- principles Integrated Fusion Simulation First- principles Integrated Fusion Simulation tokamak turbulence from magnetic axis to the wall Consistent modeling Optimization 11CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop

Activities in support of ITER construction and in preparation of DEMO (1) Superconductivity based on SULTAN and EDIPO: - ITER conductor qualification -DEMO conductor development (low or high Tc) Material science for DEMO using hot laboratories and state-of-the art tools (TEM, FIB, nano indenter, testing machines) dedicated for active material - Steel and refractory material development, before and after irradiation characterization -Development of IFMIF test cell and testing methods (Small Sample Test Technology) (presently under BA Voluntary Contribution) -Modeling of radiation damage and effects CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop12

Activities in support of ITER construction and in preparation of DEMO (2) Electron cyclotron wave system development (EU CW 2 MW gyrotron test stand): - Sources (ITER and DEMO) -Launchers (ITER) -Physics of ECW interaction with plasma ( ECRH, ECCD, instabilities control) Magnetic diagnostics and Plasma control Physics issues for DEMO CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop13

International and other activities Participation in JET scientific exploitation Participation in HPC activities ( EU HPC and IFERC) Participation in ITPA Collaboration with the European and international partners Technology transfer to industry CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop14

Education and Training The CRPP is one of the few institutions involved in fusion research in Europe that is part of an academic system Most staff indirectly involved in education (including technicians) Several individuals are directly involved in education –2 Full Professors, 1 Assistant Professor and 2 Adjunct Professors –11 Maîtres d’enseignements et de recherche, ~10 senior physicists –~35-40 graduate students (acting as assistants) Education is one of CRPP primary missions –Bachelor & Master in Physics and Nuclear Engineering 6 courses on Plasma Physics and Fusion, including on material science 3 rd and 4 th year laboratory projects, Master projects –PhD (PhD students are active in research; ~7.5 graduates per year) 8 courses on Plasma Physics and Fusion, including material science –Post-graduate EU Marie Curie, Fusion Excellence Fellows, European Fusion Goal Oriented Training Scheme (Tokamak operation, EC heating, plasma theory, materials, superconductivity, quality assurance) CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop

Conclusion The Swiss Association programmatic lines are based on the strengths developed in the last twenty years They are all in line with the proposed main orientation of the programme CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop16

CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop17 Thank you for your attention

Reserve pictures of TCV CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop18

Present ECW launch system CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop19 ×4 ×2

Inside view of TCV CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop20

Time line of theory and modeling activities CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop21

TORPEX turbulence simulation Tokamak core turbulence simulation RF heating, fast particle MHD, 3D configuration TORPEX JET TCV Tokamak edge turbulence simulation JET Inclusion of neoclassical effects… Integrated tokamak turbulence model 3D effects in tokamaks Advanced 3D configuration DEMO relevant studies LHD, RFX, W7X Integrated tokamak model with self-consistent heating and 3D effects TORPEX, TCV Advanced tokamak scenario Turbulence driven fast particle dynamics ITB, el. transport TCV momentum Sawthooth control, infernal modes Fast particle effects on turbulence L-H transition, ELM dynamics TODAY D effects on ELM, ripple, … fast particle effects on MHD CRPP Contribution Eu Workshop