1. Integrated Modeling for Burning Plasmas Workshop (W60) on “Burning Plasma Physics and Simulation 4-5 July 2005, University Campus, Tarragona, Spain Under the Auspices of the IEA Large Tokamak Implementing Agreement Discussion Session S. C. Jardin Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory

2. Progress towards a comprehensive theory/model for burning plasmas in ITER/DEMO Whole Device Modeling Codes Extended MHD and Energetic Particles Turbulence Simulations Edge-Plasma Integrated Modeling RF, NBI,  -particle, Impurities, and Fueling Sources

3. Whole Device Modeling Codes New initiatives now planned or underway Japan: BPSI: ( TASK, TOPICS ) EU: JET initiative (ASTRA, CRONOS, JETTO), Integrated Modeling Task Force DINA/CRONOS coupling US: NTCC (modules library), PTRANSP (TSC/TRANSP + …), FSP (not yet begun) – (also BALDUR, ONETWO, CORSICA) Need for more sophisticated modules in most areas Turbulent Transport models need to be improved/ quantified Extended MHD and energetic particle effects Scrape-off-layer, ELMs, and pedestal Need better particle/impurity transport models General need for better benchmarking. Submit ITER plasmas to ITPA Profile Database

4. Extended MHD and energetic Particles Need to further develop 3D Nonlinear Extended MHD codes and validate on existing experiments. Sawtooth: Full 3D nonlinear sawtooth simulation now possible for small tokamaks, not yet for ITER. Good semi-analytical models available (Porcelli model) ELMs: Some progress (BOUT-Snyder, JOREK-Huysmans, NIMROD- Brennan, M3D-Strauss) Not yet a full 3D ELM simulation for even small tokamaks. Good semi-analytical models being developed. (including ideal- MHD/Enhanced transport model with MARG2D in TOPICS) NTMs: Not yet a full 3D NTM simulation. Modified Rutherford equation (semi-analytical) models widely used. Resistive Wall Modes: Not yet a full 3D nonlinear model. Locked Mode Threshold: Not yet a fundamental model TAE: 3D Hybrid particle/fluid simulation model possible for short times and weakly nonlinear behavior…full nonlinear integration with thermal particles not yet possible. Disruption Modeling: Axisymmetric modeling in fairly good shape, 3D modeling just beginning

5. Turbulence Simulations Focus is presently on core turbulence: ITG, ETG, ITG/ETG coupling, finite beta effects, transition from Bohm to gyro-Bohm, turbulence spreading need to develop long-time (transport timescale) predictive simulation capability Calculation of particle diffusivities from transport simulations turbulence and neoclassical simulation integration mechanisms for transport barrier formation pedestal region and core-edge simulation integration how to couple with whole-device-modeling codes impurities and helium ash transport may be possible to extend Gyrokinetics codes to include MHD, Wave Heating, and Plasma Edge

6. Edge-Plasma Integrated Modeling Full 3D predictive edge model is lacking Numerous edge codes exist to provide qualitative understanding and quantitative results for specific phenomena edge transport: CSD, SONIC, UEDGE, SOLPS (B2-Eirene),EDGE2D-NIMBUS… kinetic edge turbulence: PARASOL, DALF … collisional edge turbulence: BOUT, … local codes: erosion/depositon ERO, Coupled Core-Edge COCONUT:JETTO-SANCO-EDGE2D-NIMBUS, SOLPS beginning (disruptions, ELMs) semi-analytical/emperical NTCC PEDESTAL module increasing evidence that ELMs are triggered by current-driven MHD modes MARG2D ELM model incorporated into TOPICS Fusion Simulation Projects proposed to study integrated edge-plasma Many issues remain: L-H transition and pedestal physics nonlinear ELM crash, transport, and pedestal recovery density limit and impurity transport material erosion including redeposition and dust formation- work in progress to integrate plasma and plate (SOLPS5-B2)—need to characterize mixed materials Move physics from edge transport codes into edge turbulence codes Need to include drifts into edge transport codes, and to move to 1D neoclassical

7. RF, NBI,  -particle, and fueling Sources RF   -particles  ion distribution function Fisch Comprehensive suites of RF and neutral beam codes exist Integrated computations between full-wave ICRF and FP solvers are underway, but not yet in routine use Integrated modeling that combines advanced ICRF antenna modules with full-wave solvers are underway RF and NB source modules have been combined with WDM codes, but generally not the most advanced RF packages. RF/FP Codes need to be coupled to MHD codes in order to simulate instability control Modeling of Mode Conversion physics in ITER scale plasma not yet possible Need to incorporate all RF and NB systems together with FP for ions and electrons self-consistently, and with energetic particle MHD Coupling of SPOT(  -particles) and DELPHINE(LH wave propag. and absorp., el. Distrib. Func.) in CRONOS framework