OPS-19: What is IPv6? And Why Should I Care? Peter L’Ecuyer Principal Software Engineer

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation2 OPS-19: What is IPv6? The Internet You are Here 541 Million Hosts 1.3 Billion Users 100,000 Trillion bytes transferred daily

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation3 OPS-19: What is IPv6? World Growth of the Internet

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation4 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Internet Growth  China is now nation with most Internet users 53 % growth rate in 2007 alone 233 million Internet users Only 17 % of population of 1.3 billion  USA is now 2 nd 216 million Internet users 71% of population of 304 million Source: USA Today, April 21,2008

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation5 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Objectives  What is IPv6?  Why Should You Care?  What about IPv6 in OpenEdge ® ?

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation6 OPS-19: What is IPv6? TCP/IP Powers the Internet Application Transport Network Datalink TCP/IP is a layered protocol suite TCP Internet Protocol (IP) Ethernet UDP OpenEdge Telnet FTP HTTP

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation7 OPS-19: What is IPv6? IP Datagram Transport Header IP Header Application Protocol Data Version Protocol Source Address Destination Address The IP Layer moves datagrams from node to node Size of address determines number of addressable nodes

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation8 OPS-19: What is IPv6? IP Addresses Version Protocol Source Address Destination Address Each address identifies network and host Network Address Host Address

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation9 OPS-19: What is IPv6? The Internet runs on IPv4... Using 32-bit addresses Network Address Host Address 310  2 32 = 4 Billion addresses  Address class specified size of subfields  Addresses use dotted-decimal format

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation10 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Allocation of Internet Addresses IANA Distributes Blocks to RIRs Addresses IANA RIR ISPsLIRs IANA- Internet Assigned Numbers Authority RIR – Regional Internet Registry LIR – Local Internet Registry ISP – Internet Service Provider /8s

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation11 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Exhaustion of IP Address Space Predicted * Allocation of Address Blocks by IANA 124 blocks available 103 blocks available 51 blocks available

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation12 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Squeezing More Life from IPv4  More conservative allocation policies Application of First Law of Holes  Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) RFC1519 September 1993  Network Address Translation (NAT) RFC1631 May 1994

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation13 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Network Address Translation : :5555 H1H1 H2H2 H3H3

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation14 OPS-19: What is IPv6? IPv4 : So How Long Do We Have?  How far back do you look?  Estimation of future consumption  Future allocation policies  Will we ever run out?  Have we already run out? It depends on how you do the math …

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation15 OPS-19: What is IPv6? IPv6 Proposed in 1995 Dual IP Layers TCP IPv4 Ethernet UDP OpenEdge Telnet FTP HTTP IPv6

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation16 OPS-19: What is IPv6? IPv6 Proposed – Sept Dual Stack IPv4 Ethernet OpenEdge Telnet FTP HTTP IPv6 TCPv4 UDPv4 TCPv6 UDPv6

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation17 OPS-19: What is IPv6? IPv6 Provides Expanded Address Space Version Next Header Source Address Destination Address Addresses are 128 bits Provider Prefix Interface Identifier Subnet Identifier 7964

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation18 OPS-19: What is IPv6? IPv6 Address Format IPv6 Outgrows dotted decimal format 2001:0000:1234:0000:0000:B1D2:456C: :0:1234:0:0:b1d2:456c:1 2001:0:1234::b1d2:456c:1

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation19 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Special IPv6 Addresses TypeIPv4IPv6 Loopback ::1 Unspecified :: IPv4 Mapped ::ffff:

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation20 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Link-Local Addresses  Always begins with FE80 prefix  Automatically generated Usually based on MAC address  Scoped to the local link Not routed  Used by internal protocols Neighbor discovery Router advertisement

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation21 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Link-Local Address Scope Ambiguity can arise N1N1 N2N2 N3N3 FE80::212:6bff:0:1 FE80::212:6bff:0:1%eth0FE80::212:6bff:0:1%2

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation22 OPS-19: What is IPv6? IPv6 Address Space Allocation 1 % Other 13 % Unicast Global 86 % Unassigned Allocated Unicast Global Space = 9.9 x10 27 times 4 Billion

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation23 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Other IPv6 Improvements  Auto-configuration  Restructured IP Header for easier routing Header is 64-bit aligned  IPSEC support is required  Improved multicast support However, broadcast is not supported  Improved support for IP Mobility … beyond the enlarged address space

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation24 OPS-19: What is IPv6? IPv6 Deployment Options IPv4 network IPv6 R1R1 R2R2 H1H1 H2H2  Moves IPv6 data across IPv4 networks  IPv6 Packets are encapsulated Tunneling

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation25 OPS-19: What is IPv6? IPv6 Deployment Options Dual Stack Network IPv6IPv4Dual IPv4/IPv6 H1H1 H2H2 H3H3 Physical IPv6 IPv4 R1R1 Dual IPv4/IPv6  Both IPv4 and IPv6 supported concurrently  Dual Stack vs. Dual IP Implementations

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation26 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Dual Stack Environment  Goal is co-existence  Assign both IPv6 and IPv4 address Host Name Resolution IPv6IPv4Dual IPv4/IPv6 H1H1 H2H2 H3H3 DNS fd00:19d:808f:1::22 fd00:19d:808f:1::

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation27 OPS-19: What is IPv6? So Why Should You Care?  Some day we may run out of IPv4 addresses  Market pressures may require support of IPv6 US DOD now requires IPv6 support  Support for new IPv6-only devices Make sure your application is ready for IPv6

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation28 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Supporting IPv6 in OpenEdge  OpenEdge customers depend on networking  Most customers will not be using IPv6  IPv6 technology is relatively new  IPv6 is platform dependent Behavior depends on system configuration The Problem

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation29 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Supporting IPv6 in OpenEdge  Make IPv6 a selectable option  New ipver parameter/property in OE10.1C Conservative approach – default to IPv4 New IPv6 code path is version-agnostic The Solution ValueAction IPv4** Allow connections with IPv4 only IPv6 Allow connections with either IPv6 or IPv4 **default value

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation30 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Specifying IP Version proserve –db mydb –ipver IPv6 –H myhost –S Starting a database The OpenEdge Database pro –ipver IPv6 –db mydb –H myhost –S Starting an ABL Client Value of –H parameter determines IP protocol used

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation31 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Specifying IP Version [UBroker.AS.asbroker1] ipver=IPv6 registrationMode=register-IP hostName= jvmArgs=-Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=false –Djava.net.preferIPv6Addresses=true ubroker.properties proadsv –start –ipver IPv6 –H myhost Starting the AdminServer OpenEdge AppServer ™ / WebSpeed ®

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation32 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Java System Properties OpenEdge AdminServer / AppServer / WebSpeed PropertyValueDescription java.net.preferIPv4Stackfalse**Supports IPv4 and IPv6 trueSupports IPv4 only java.net.preferIPv6Addressesfalse**Prefer IPv4 addresses over IPv6 addresses truePrefer IPv6 addresses over IPv4 addresses ** default valueRun OE on IPv6

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation33 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Specifying IP Version – AppServer Clients pro –ipver IPv6 Starting an ABL Client create server hSrv. B = hSrv:CONNECT(“-URL ppServer://myhost:5162/svc”). ABL CONNECT() myhost specifies location of NameServer

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation34 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Specifying IP Version – AppServer Clients java –Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=false -Djava.net.preferIPv6Addresses=true AppMainClass appParam1 appParam2 Starting a Java ™ OpenClient

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation35 OPS-19: What is IPv6? registration-Mode Property OpenEdge AdminServer / AppServer ™ / WebSpeed ® ValueDescription Register-IP**IP Address of gethostname() Register-LocalHostName of gethostname() Register-HostnameValue of hostName property ** default value

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation36 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Connecting to an AppServer Role of registrationMode AppServer Client NameServer Broker Agent addr Value of addr determines IP protocol used

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation37 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Connecting to an AppServer Using an IP Address AppServer Client NameServer Broker Agent IP Type of IP address determines IP protocol

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation38 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Connecting to an AppServer Using a Host Name AppServer Client NameServer Broker Agent hostname Resolution of hostname determines IP protocol

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation39 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Readying Your Application  IP addresses exposed in user interface  Internal use of IP addresses  IP address parsing In URLs Configuration files Some things to consider :5555fd01:1234::1:100:5555[fd01:1234::1:100]:5555

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation40 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Some Observations  IPv6 support is there on all major platforms  Still some platform idiosyncrasies  Configuration of name resolution is important  Configure discrete port ranges for servers/agents  Performance is comparable From our experiences

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation41 OPS-19: What is IPv6? In Summary  Exhaustion of IPv4 address space is “imminent”  Migration to IPv6 can solve this problem  OpenEdge is ready when you are!

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation42 OPS-19: What is IPv6? For More Information, go to…  Internet World Stats  Minnesota Internet Traffic Studies  Everything you need to know about IPv6  Changes to IPv6 in MS Vista and 2008 Server  China vaults past USA in Internet users Internetusers_N.htm

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation43 OPS-19: What is IPv6? For More Information, go to…  How Long Do We Have? es/ipj_6-4/ipv4.html  IPv4 Address Report  A Pragmatic Report on IPv4 Address Space Consumption es/ipj_8-3/ipv4.html  Migrating to IPv6 by Marc Blanchet Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006  Unix Network Programming, Vol. 1, 3 rd edition by W. Richard Stevens, et. al., Published by Addison-Wesley, 2003

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation44 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Relevant Exchange Sessions  DEV-15: AppServer Mode Case Studies  OPS-7: Migrating your Distributed Application from V9 to OpenEdge 10 with (Almost) No Downtime  OPS-12: Caring for an Ailing AppServer

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation45 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Questions ?

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation46 OPS-19: What is IPv6? Thank You

© 2008 Progress Software Corporation47 OPS-19: What is IPv6?