Mole and gas volume The molar volume of a gas is its volume per mole, litre mol-1. It is the same for all gases at the same temperature and pressure. The.

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Presentation transcript:

Mole and gas volume The molar volume of a gas is its volume per mole, litre mol-1. It is the same for all gases at the same temperature and pressure. The value, though, is temperature and pressure dependent. The molar volume of all gases is approximately 24 litre mol-1 at 20oC and 22.4 litre mol-1 at 0oC. Volume (l) Molar Volume (l) x n

n = number of moles mass n x GFM n x L x n n x M No. Particles Volume (l) Gases Units litres (l) Molar Volume (l) x n liquids Units mol/l M (Conc.) n x M Volume (l)

The molar volume is the volume occupied by one mole of a gas. Worked example 1. In an experiment the density of carbon dioxide was measured and found to be 1.85 g l-1. Calculate the molar volume of carbon dioxide. 1.85 g occupies 1 litre 1 mole of CO2 weighs 44g So 1 mole, 44 g occupies 44/1.85 x 1 = 23.78 litres Worked example 2. A gas has a molar volume of 24 litres and a density of 1.25 g l -1. Calculate the mass of 1 mole of the gas. 1 litre of the gas weighs 1.25g So 1 mole, 24 litres weighs 24 x 1.25 = 30 g

Molar volume What is the mass of steam in 180 cm3 of the gas, when the molar volume is 24 litres mol-1? 24 litres = one mole of steam, 18 g 1 litre = 18/24 0.18 litre = (18/24) * 0.18 Answer: = 0.135 g Or Volume (l) 1st work out the number of moles (n) using n = 0.18/24 = 7.5 x 10-3 Molar Volume (l) x n Then work out the mass using mass Mass = 7.5 x 10-3 x 18 n x GFM

Molar volume Combustion of methane Balanced equation CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g)  CO2 (g) + 2 H20 (l) Mole relationship 1 mole 2 mole 1 mole 2 mole Gas volume relationship 1 vol 2 vol 1 vol 2 vol What volume of C02, at STP, is produced if 100 cm3 of O2 is used to completely to burn some CH4 gas? Link 2 vol of O2 = 1 vol of CH4. Ans: 50 cm 3

End of examples Calculations for you to try. 1. Under certain conditions oxygen has a density of 1.44 g l-1. Calculate the molar volume of oxygen under these conditions. 1.44g occupies 1 litre. So 1 mole, 32g occupies 32/1.44 litres = 22.22 litres 1 mole of O2 weighs 32g 2. A gas has a density of 2.74 g l-1 and a molar volume of 23.4 litre mol-1. Calculate the molecular mass of the gas. 1 litre of the gas weighs 2.74 g So 1 mole, 23.4 litres weighs 23.4 x 2.74 = 64.1 g End of examples