Point Groups (Crystal Classes)

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Presentation transcript:

Point Groups (Crystal Classes)

Stereographic Projections Used to display crystal morphology. X for upper hemisphere. O for lower.

Stereographic Projections We will use stereographic projections to plot the perpendicular to a general face and its symmetry equivalents (general form hkl). Illustrated above are the stereographic projections for Triclinic point groups 1 and -1.

32 PointGroups: Hermann-Mauguin Symbols Three positions in H-M symbol Triclinic: No unique axis Only 1 or -1 Monoclinic: [010] Orthorhombic: [100], [010], [001] Tetragonal: [001], [100], [110] Trigonal: [001], [100], Hexagonal: [001], [100], [210] Cubic: [100], [111], [110]

32 PointGroups (Crystal Classes) Triclinic: 1, 1 Monoclinic: 2, 2=m, 2/m Orthorhombic: 222, 2mm, 2/m2/m2/m (=mmm) Tetragonal: 4, 4, 4/m, 42m, 422 4mm 4/m2/m2/m Trigonal: 3, 3m, 32, 3, 32/m Hexagonal: 6, 6, 6/m, 6m2, 622, 6mm, 6/m2/m2/m Cubic: 23, 2/m3, 432, 43m, 4/m32/m

Triclinic System

Monoclinic System

Orthorhombic System

Trigonal System

Trigonal System

Tetragonal System

Tetragonal System

Tetragonal System

Hexagonal System

Hexagonal System

Hexagonal System

Cubic System

Cubic System

32 PointGroups (Crystal Classes) Triclinic: 1, 1 Monoclinic: 2, 2=m, 2/m Orthorhombic: 222, 2mm, 2/m2/m2/m (=mmm) Tetragonal: 4, 4, 4/m, 42m, 422 4mm 4/m2/m2/m Trigonal: 3, 3m, 32, 3, 32/m Hexagonal: 6, 6, 6/m, 6m2, 622, 6mm, 6/m2/m2/m Cubic: 23, 2/m3, 432, 43m, 4/m32/m