L1 Telescopes. L1 Purpose of this Lab Telescopes: See Use Understand.

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Presentation transcript:

L1 Telescopes

L1 Purpose of this Lab Telescopes: See Use Understand

L1 What is the Purpose of a Telescope? 1.Increase the amount of light we see. Sensitivity is proportional to Collecting Area. S = a constant times  D/2) 2 If D increases, then S increases by D 2 If your telescope is 3 times bigger than mine, then your telescope can see 3 2 = 9 times fainter objects than mine. Can you read a book at night? What’s the faintest star you can see with your naked eye?

L1 Sensitivity

L1 What is the Purpose of a Telescope? 2. Increase the detail (resolution) we see. Resolution is inversely proportional to Telescope Diameter.  a constant times /D  Diffraction Limit If D increases then  decreases by the same amount. If your telescope is 3 times bigger than mine then you can see 3 times smaller angles (3 times smaller objects or detail). Can you read a street sign a block away? Can you see the binary star in the Big Dipper with your naked eye?

L1 Resolution

L1 Types of Telescopes

L1 Yerkes 40-inch refractor optical

L1 Refractor

L1 Yerkes 40-inch refractor optical

L1 Reflector

L1 Hooker 100-inch reflector optical

L1 Keck twin 10- meter reflector optical/IR

L1 Parkes 72-foot reflector radio

L1 Very Large Array: 27 XX-meter reflectors

L1 radio Arecibo 300-foot reflector

L1 Atmospheric Seeing

L1 Seeing degrades resolution Adaptive optics can recover resolution Engineering limits telescope size

L1 Resolution and Seeing Neptune with the Palomar 200-inch reflector

L1 Seeing and Magnification Larger than a few inches, a telescope’s resolution stops getting better due to seeing. Don’t be fooled by advertisements claiming huge magnification increases! –“Amazing 500X magnification!” But sensitivity ALWAYS increases with bigger telescopes.

L1 Magnitude Scale The SMALLER the number the BRIGHTER the star! Every difference of 5 magnitudes is a 100X difference in BRIGHTNESS. Every difference of 1 magnitude = 2.5X brightness

L1 Magnitude vs. Brightness Mag. Difference Factors of 2.5Brightness Diff = = 2.5 X = 2.5 X 2.5 X = 2.5 X 2.5 X 2.5 X = 2.5 X 2.5 X 2.5 X 2.5 X = 2.5 X 2.5 X 2.5 X 2.5 X 2.5 X