Deployment of Advanced Wireless Networking Bill Lane Chief Technologist Wireless Telecommunications Bureau Federal Communications Commission Bill Lane Chief Technologist Wireless Telecommunications Bureau Federal Communications Commission

White Hats & Kickers Are Back! Source: Newsweek

Today’s Plan  Your Federal Communications Commission (FCC)! Commission (FCC)!  The Convergence Issue - Why all this is important to you!  The Search for 3G Spectrum  Your Federal Communications Commission (FCC)! Commission (FCC)!  The Convergence Issue - Why all this is important to you!  The Search for 3G Spectrum

The FCC  Established by the Communications Act of 1934 Independent agency of U.S. government Independent agency of U.S. government Responsible to Congress Responsible to Congress  Charged with establishing policy to govern interstate and international communications by television, radio, wire, international communications by television, radio, wire, satellite, and cable satellite, and cable Note: Government use is handled by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), Dept. of Commerce and Information Administration (NTIA), Dept. of Commerce  Headed by five Commissioners, each appointed by the President, with one designated as Chairman President, with one designated as Chairman Chairman Michael Powell (R) Commissioner Susan Ness (D) Commissioner Gloria Tristani (D) Commissioner Harold Furchtgott-Roth (R)  Established by the Communications Act of 1934 Independent agency of U.S. government Independent agency of U.S. government Responsible to Congress Responsible to Congress  Charged with establishing policy to govern interstate and international communications by television, radio, wire, international communications by television, radio, wire, satellite, and cable satellite, and cable Note: Government use is handled by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), Dept. of Commerce and Information Administration (NTIA), Dept. of Commerce  Headed by five Commissioners, each appointed by the President, with one designated as Chairman President, with one designated as Chairman Chairman Michael Powell (R) Commissioner Susan Ness (D) Commissioner Gloria Tristani (D) Commissioner Harold Furchtgott-Roth (R)

The FCC Seven Bureau’s WTB Cable Services Bureau Common Carrier Bureau Consumer Information Bureau Enforcement Bureau International Bureau Mass Media Bureau Wireless Telecommunications Bureau Cable Services Bureau Common Carrier Bureau Consumer Information Bureau Enforcement Bureau International Bureau Mass Media Bureau Wireless Telecommunications Bureau Ten Office’s Administrative Law JudgesCommmunications Business Opportunities Engineering and TechnologyGeneral Counsel Inspector GeneralLegislative and Intergovernmental Affairs Managing DirectorMedia Relations Plans and PolicyWorkplace Diversity Administrative Law JudgesCommmunications Business Opportunities Engineering and TechnologyGeneral Counsel Inspector GeneralLegislative and Intergovernmental Affairs Managing DirectorMedia Relations Plans and PolicyWorkplace Diversity

Wireless Telecommunications Bureau Responsible for all FCC domestic wireless telecommunications programs & policies except satellite communications programs & policies except satellite communications or broadcasting. or broadcasting. Provide information, licensing, rulemaking, data storage for: Provide information, licensing, rulemaking, data storage for:  Cellular telephones  Paging services  Personal communications services  Public safety  Commercial wireless services  Private wireless services  Auction spectrum Responsible for all FCC domestic wireless telecommunications programs & policies except satellite communications programs & policies except satellite communications or broadcasting. or broadcasting. Provide information, licensing, rulemaking, data storage for: Provide information, licensing, rulemaking, data storage for:  Cellular telephones  Paging services  Personal communications services  Public safety  Commercial wireless services  Private wireless services  Auction spectrum

The Process  Notice of Inquiry (NOI): Gather information, generate ideas  Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM): Propose rule changes and seek public comment changes and seek public comment  Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (FNPRM): seek further public comment on specific issues seek further public comment on specific issues  Report and Order (R&O): issue new rules, amend existing rules, make decisions not to do so; entered in Federal rules, make decisions not to do so; entered in Federal Register Register  Petition for Reconsideration: Dissatisfied with issue resolution, within 30 days file for reconsideration resolution, within 30 days file for reconsideration  Memorandum Opinion and Order (MO&O): response to petition for reconsideration petition for reconsideration  Notice of Inquiry (NOI): Gather information, generate ideas  Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM): Propose rule changes and seek public comment changes and seek public comment  Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (FNPRM): seek further public comment on specific issues seek further public comment on specific issues  Report and Order (R&O): issue new rules, amend existing rules, make decisions not to do so; entered in Federal rules, make decisions not to do so; entered in Federal Register Register  Petition for Reconsideration: Dissatisfied with issue resolution, within 30 days file for reconsideration resolution, within 30 days file for reconsideration  Memorandum Opinion and Order (MO&O): response to petition for reconsideration petition for reconsideration

Application Services Network Access The Infrastructure Dilemma Desktop computer Source: Moyer and Umar, “The Impact of Network Convergence on Telecommunications Software”, IEEE Communications Magazine, January 2001

The Environment Source: Drew and Dillinger, “Evolution Toward Reconfigurable User Equipment”, IEEE Communications Magazine, February 2001

The Convergence Issue! WAPWAP JavaJava CDMACDMA GSMGSM C#C# XMLXML WindowsCEWindowsCE SmartphoneSmartphone BWABWA PalmOSPalmOS GigabitEthernetGigabitEthernet PDAPDA WiLANWiLAN BluetoothBluetooth 3G3G CableCable

Estimated Wireline and Wireless Subscribers Worldwide Ratio of wireline to wireless users will drop rapidly to unity by 2010 Ratio of wireline to wireless users will drop rapidly to unity by 2010 Strong growth assumes accommodation of multiple standards Strong growth assumes accommodation of multiple standards Ratio of wireline to wireless users will drop rapidly to unity by 2010 Ratio of wireline to wireless users will drop rapidly to unity by 2010 Strong growth assumes accommodation of multiple standards Strong growth assumes accommodation of multiple standards ,000 1,200 1,400 1, Subscribers -- In Millions Global Wireline Global Wireless (Revised) 582 M Commercial Launch of IMT-2000 Source: Lucent Technologies

U.S. Cellular/PCS Subscribers and Penetration (1984-Future) Source: Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association and Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette

Competition Markets with > 2 Mobile Telephone Providers November 1999 Source: FCC 2000 Competition Report

Avoiding Spectrum Drought  Extend the Spectrum Examples: 90 GHz, Ultra-Wideband Examples: 90 GHz, Ultra-Wideband  Extend the Spectrum Examples: 90 GHz, Ultra-Wideband Examples: 90 GHz, Ultra-Wideband  Reallocation of Services Relocation such as television Relocation such as television  Reallocation of Services Relocation such as television Relocation such as television  Spectral Efficiency Software Defined Radio Software Defined Radio  Spectral Efficiency Software Defined Radio Software Defined Radio  Spectrum Sharing Secondary Markets Secondary Markets  Spectrum Sharing Secondary Markets Secondary Markets

Managing the airways means different things to different people ! Finding There Are Tougher Jobs Than Finding Spectrum... Source: U.S. News

Core U.S. Goals of Spectrum Management Maximize efficient use of radio spectrum Maximize efficient use of radio spectrum Promote competition Promote competition Expand access Expand access Protect and promote the public interest Protect and promote the public interest Ensure ability of operators to adapt to new technologies, new services and new market needs Ensure ability of operators to adapt to new technologies, new services and new market needs Maximize efficient use of radio spectrum Maximize efficient use of radio spectrum Promote competition Promote competition Expand access Expand access Protect and promote the public interest Protect and promote the public interest Ensure ability of operators to adapt to new technologies, new services and new market needs Ensure ability of operators to adapt to new technologies, new services and new market needs Source: FCC Principles for Reallocation of Spectrum to Encourage the Development of Telecommunications Technologies for the New Millenium, 18 NOV 99

Goal Implementation In the U.S., these core goals are achieved by:  Allowing for flexible spectrum uses  Enabling multiple competing technologies  Minimizing the number of rules –to eliminate harmful interference –to promote competition  Using auctions to assign licenses –Communications Act of 1934 –Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 –Telecommunications Act of 1996 –Balanced Budget Act of 1997 –Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 for Fiscal Year 1999 In the U.S., these core goals are achieved by:  Allowing for flexible spectrum uses  Enabling multiple competing technologies  Minimizing the number of rules –to eliminate harmful interference –to promote competition  Using auctions to assign licenses –Communications Act of 1934 –Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 –Telecommunications Act of 1996 –Balanced Budget Act of 1997 –Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 for Fiscal Year 1999

Policy Implications - Flexibility Allowing flexibility in spectrum usage means that: License uses should not be restricted except to prevent interference License uses should not be restricted except to prevent interference (e.g., authorize fixed as well as mobile, data as well as voice) Operators should be allowed to evolve to more advanced services Operators should be allowed to evolve to more advanced services Allowing flexibility in spectrum usage means that: License uses should not be restricted except to prevent interference License uses should not be restricted except to prevent interference (e.g., authorize fixed as well as mobile, data as well as voice) Operators should be allowed to evolve to more advanced services Operators should be allowed to evolve to more advanced services

Policy Implications - Technology Neutrality Technology Neutrality means that: Multiple & competing technologies are allowed and encouraged Multiple & competing technologies are allowed and encouraged Industry takes the lead in achieving interoperability/harmonization/standardization Industry takes the lead in achieving interoperability/harmonization/standardization Innovation is encouraged and led by industry Innovation is encouraged and led by industry Technology Neutrality means that: Multiple & competing technologies are allowed and encouraged Multiple & competing technologies are allowed and encouraged Industry takes the lead in achieving interoperability/harmonization/standardization Industry takes the lead in achieving interoperability/harmonization/standardization Innovation is encouraged and led by industry Innovation is encouraged and led by industry

US Allows 2G Licensees To Evolve Into 3G Providers Incumbent services, such as cellular, PCS and ESMR, have regulatory flexibility to evolve to advanced services, such as IMT-2000 Incumbent services, such as cellular, PCS and ESMR, have regulatory flexibility to evolve to advanced services, such as IMT-2000 However, merely granting regulatory flexibility to allow incumbents to deploy advanced services may not be sufficient to respond to anticipated demand However, merely granting regulatory flexibility to allow incumbents to deploy advanced services may not be sufficient to respond to anticipated demand Incumbent services, such as cellular, PCS and ESMR, have regulatory flexibility to evolve to advanced services, such as IMT-2000 Incumbent services, such as cellular, PCS and ESMR, have regulatory flexibility to evolve to advanced services, such as IMT-2000 However, merely granting regulatory flexibility to allow incumbents to deploy advanced services may not be sufficient to respond to anticipated demand However, merely granting regulatory flexibility to allow incumbents to deploy advanced services may not be sufficient to respond to anticipated demand

3G Cellular Why 3G? Source: Bolcskei, Paulraj, Hari, and Nabar, “Fixed Broadband Wireless Access: State of the Art, Challenges, and Future Directions”, IEEE Communications Magazine, January 2001

United States Considering New Allocations for Advanced Services In December 2000 NPRM FCC proposed allocating: In December 2000 NPRM FCC proposed allocating: – MHz – MHz – MHz –Auction by 2002 Currently studying: Currently studying: – MHz (Current DoD spectrum) – MHz (Current MDS/ITFS) In December 2000 NPRM FCC proposed allocating: In December 2000 NPRM FCC proposed allocating: – MHz – MHz – MHz –Auction by 2002 Currently studying: Currently studying: – MHz (Current DoD spectrum) – MHz (Current MDS/ITFS)

Can We Get There From Here? Source: Newsweek

Three U.S. Goals for WRC-2000 Identify more than one band pair for IMT-2000 use. Identify more than one band pair for IMT-2000 use. –Different countries have different needs for mobile spectrum. Allow nations to choose among bands that are equally appropriate for IMT-2000 use. Allow nations to choose among bands that are equally appropriate for IMT-2000 use. –Mandatory harmonization stifles competition and technological development. Adopt a technologically-neutral band allocation. Adopt a technologically-neutral band allocation. –Industry decisions should rest on sound engineering, not on arbitrary government decisions. Identify more than one band pair for IMT-2000 use. Identify more than one band pair for IMT-2000 use. –Different countries have different needs for mobile spectrum. Allow nations to choose among bands that are equally appropriate for IMT-2000 use. Allow nations to choose among bands that are equally appropriate for IMT-2000 use. –Mandatory harmonization stifles competition and technological development. Adopt a technologically-neutral band allocation. Adopt a technologically-neutral band allocation. –Industry decisions should rest on sound engineering, not on arbitrary government decisions.

Results of WRC-2000 WRC-2000 adopted an equitable, multi-band, technologically neutral approach for IMT WRC-2000 adopted an equitable, multi-band, technologically neutral approach for IMT Bands Identified for IMT-2000: Bands Identified for IMT-2000: – MHz (WRC-00, FN S5.XXX ) – MHz and MHz (WARC-92, FN S5.388) – MHz and MHz (WRC-00, FN S5.AAA WRC-2000 adopted an equitable, multi-band, technologically neutral approach for IMT WRC-2000 adopted an equitable, multi-band, technologically neutral approach for IMT Bands Identified for IMT-2000: Bands Identified for IMT-2000: – MHz (WRC-00, FN S5.XXX ) – MHz and MHz (WARC-92, FN S5.388) – MHz and MHz (WRC-00, FN S5.AAA

New IMT-2000 Bands Promote Harmony, But Permit Diversity

UMTS UNPAIRED August 26, TERRESTRIAL + HAPS TERRESTRIAL ADDITIONAL IMT-2000 SATELLITE (141 MHz) GSM BASE GSM MOB MSS UPLINK ( ) MSS DOWNLINK ( ) UMTS MOB UMTS BASE DECT TDD ( ) DECT UNPAIR MSSUP TO BE AUCT TO BE AUCT MSS DN GOVT FX, MOB, SAT PCS MOB PCS BASE PCSUNP G/NG MMDS( ) IMT TERRESTRIAL MSS (20 MHz) MDS, MMDS, ITFS 3G EUROPE & OTHERS U.S G EUROPE & OTHERS

MHz in the U.S. DoD telecommand, telemetry and control of military satellites DoD telecommand, telemetry and control of military satellites Military tactical radio-relay Military tactical radio-relay Government fixed microwave Government fixed microwave Military instrumented ranges Military instrumented ranges Naval ship-ship, ship-shore digital wide-band voice and data links Naval ship-ship, ship-shore digital wide-band voice and data links DoD telecommand, telemetry and control of military satellites DoD telecommand, telemetry and control of military satellites Military tactical radio-relay Military tactical radio-relay Government fixed microwave Government fixed microwave Military instrumented ranges Military instrumented ranges Naval ship-ship, ship-shore digital wide-band voice and data links Naval ship-ship, ship-shore digital wide-band voice and data links

MDS - The Future Broadband wireless services are expected to experience drastic increases in subscribers Broadband wireless services are expected to experience drastic increases in subscribers

MHz in the U.S. High-speed fixed wireless High-speed fixed wireless –Multichannel Multipoint Distribution System (MDS) –Instructional Fixed Television Service (ITFS) Former one-way multi-channel video programming providers prepare to launch two-way wireless broadband services Former one-way multi-channel video programming providers prepare to launch two-way wireless broadband services High-speed fixed wireless High-speed fixed wireless –Multichannel Multipoint Distribution System (MDS) –Instructional Fixed Television Service (ITFS) Former one-way multi-channel video programming providers prepare to launch two-way wireless broadband services Former one-way multi-channel video programming providers prepare to launch two-way wireless broadband services

FCC Auctions: #6 (MDS, MMDS, ITFS Service) FCC Auctions: #6 (MDS, MMDS, ITFS Service) 1 A4A3A2A1 B4B3B2B1D4D3D2D1 C4C3C2C1E4E3E2E1 F4F3F2F1 G4 G3G2G1 H3H2H1 2 MDSITFSMMDSITFS &MDS Congressional Federal Register References ITFS47 C.F.R.., Part 74 MDS47 C.F.R.., Part 21 Channel 2A: MHz MHz reallocated to emerging technologies on a primary basis except for licenses operating on Channel 2, or successful applicants who filed prior to January 16, 1992 See ET Docket 92-9 FCC MDS (Multipoint Distribution Service) MMDS (Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service) ITFS (Instructional Television Fixed Service) Service Channel Allocation Number of Channels 1 & 2 E, F & H 2 11 Channel Allocation Number of Channels A, B, C, D, & G20 Service MDS & MMDS ITFS Udated 02/13/01

Next Steps for Additional 3G Allocations  FCC NPRM on Additional 3G Spectrum issued December 2000  FCC and NTIA Final Sharing Reports due by March 2001  FCC Report and Order on Additional 3G Spectrum by 3rd Quarter 2001  FCC Auction of Additional 3G Spectrum by 3rd Quarter 2002  FCC NPRM on Additional 3G Spectrum issued December 2000  FCC and NTIA Final Sharing Reports due by March 2001  FCC Report and Order on Additional 3G Spectrum by 3rd Quarter 2001  FCC Auction of Additional 3G Spectrum by 3rd Quarter 2002

Next Steps for Additional 3G Allocations  Major Issues –Existing U.S. uses (Government and Commercial) –Sharing and relocation issues –International developments  Major Issues –Existing U.S. uses (Government and Commercial) –Sharing and relocation issues –International developments

PCS C and F Block Auction (Completed January 2001)  Re-auction of reclaimed C and F block licenses  Spectrum configured into 10 MHz blocks  Appropriate for IMT-2000  Licenses covering major U.S. markets exceeding 160 Million POP’s  $17 B net bids  Re-auction of reclaimed C and F block licenses  Spectrum configured into 10 MHz blocks  Appropriate for IMT-2000  Licenses covering major U.S. markets exceeding 160 Million POP’s  $17 B net bids

700 MHz Band  Auction of licenses in the and MHz band scheduled for September 2001  Bands slated for auction can be used to provide a wide range of advanced wireless services, including IMT-2000  Relocation of existing users and protection of public safety important issues for these bands  Auction of licenses in the and MHz band scheduled for September 2001  Bands slated for auction can be used to provide a wide range of advanced wireless services, including IMT-2000  Relocation of existing users and protection of public safety important issues for these bands

3G Additional Steps  In November 2000, FCC issued NPRM on promoting secondary markets in spectrum (Report and Order expected in 2001)  In December 2000, FCC issued NPRM on CMRS Spectrum Cap (Report and Order expected in 2001)  In December 2000, FCC issued NPRM on software defined radio  In November 2000, FCC issued NPRM on promoting secondary markets in spectrum (Report and Order expected in 2001)  In December 2000, FCC issued NPRM on CMRS Spectrum Cap (Report and Order expected in 2001)  In December 2000, FCC issued NPRM on software defined radio

ConclusionConclusion  FCC is sensitive to the issues at hand!  Following an equitable, regionally coherent and technologically neutral approach for IMT-2000: –Maximizes efficient use of radio spectrum –Promotes competition among users –Allows industry to implement new technologies and new services  FCC is sensitive to the issues at hand!  Following an equitable, regionally coherent and technologically neutral approach for IMT-2000: –Maximizes efficient use of radio spectrum –Promotes competition among users –Allows industry to implement new technologies and new services

I May Not Be Able to Answer All of Your Questions, but … Source: Newsweek

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