1 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus Documenting Events in Metadata Martin Doerr, Athina Kritsotaki Center for Cultural Informatics Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas Joint event in Cyprus: The e-Documentation in Cultural Heritage

2 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus Structuring cultural metadata and capturing the full historical context of artifacts Interpreting heterogeneous and complex information resources More accurate information about life histories Aggregation of relevant historical information Documentation of scientific observations Event-centric documentation is essential for..

3 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus Events are states of affairs: a particular distribution of material items, conceptual items and interactions in space-time. Most events can be seen as “meetings”. Things, people and ideas meet each other and create history as a “network of meetings” (a sequence of meetings under the perspective of an individual – person or item). History as “meetings”

4 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus A proposal of CIDOC. A simple schema for summarization of historical events. Compatible with CIDOC CRM (ISO/FDIS 21127) and Dublin Core. Uniform schema for object descriptions and biographical data. Supports information integration and has the potential to capture huge, meaningful knowledge networks CRM Core Metadata Schema

5 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus CRM Core Metadata Schema

6 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus CRM Core describes the most fundamental relationships that connect things, concepts, people, time and place: Identification Classification Participation in an event Part decomposition References Similarity CRM Core Metadata Schema

7 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus Focus on categorical data rather than events and indirect relationships. Fail to capture complex historical contexts because time, place and participants are disassociated. Can not describe complex relationships – fail to integrate or connect rich historical information – fail to build large networks of knowledge Other approaches: Dublin Core, VRA, CCO

8 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus Example using CRM Core E52 Time-Span 1898 E53 Place France (nation) E21 Person Rodin Auguste E52 Time-Span 1840 E67 Birth Rodin’s birth E52 Time-Span 1917 P4 has time-span E69 Death Rodin’s death E12 Production Rodin making “Monument to Balzac” in 1898 E21 Person Honoré de Balzac E55 Type sculptors E84 Information Carrier The “Monument to Balzac” (plaster) E55 Type plaster E52 Time-Span 1925 E55 Type bronze E40 Legal Body Rudier (Vve Alexis) et Fils E12 Production Bronze casting“Monument to Balzac” in 1925 E55 Type companies E84 Information Carrier The “Monument to Balzac”(S1296) P108B was produced by P62 depicts P16B was used for P134 continued P2 has type P120B occurs after P4 has time-span P2 has type P100B died in P98B was born P4 has time -span P2 has type P14 carried out by P62 depicts P108B was produced by P2 has type P7 took place at P4 has time-span

9 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus A production (event) of “Monument to Balzac” = a meeting of the producer “Rodin” and his work “Balzac” in “France” in “1898”. :is continued by: Another production (event), the “Bronze casting of Monument to Balzac” in “1925”. :occurs after: “Rodin’s death” (event) in “1917”. Example: Monument to Balzac network of relationships and events

10 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus Work (CRM Core). Category = E84 Information Carrier Classification =sculpture (visual work) Classification =plaster Identification =The Monument to Balzac (plaster) Description =Commissioned to honor one of France's greatest novelists, Rodin spent seven years preparing for Monument to Balzac. When the plaster original was exhibited in Paris in 1898, it was widely attacked. Rodin retired the plaster model to his home in the Paris suburbs. It was not cast in bronze until years after his death. Event Role in Event =P108B was produced by Identification= Rodin making Monument to Balzac in 1898 Event Type = E12 Production Participant Identification =Rodin, Auguste Identification =ID: Participant Type = artists Participant Type = sculptors Date = 1898 Place = France (nation) Related event Role in Event =P134B was continued by Identification= Bronze casting Monument to Balzac in 1925 Event Role in Event =P16B was used for Identification= Bronze casting Monument to Balzac in 1925 Event Type = E12 Production Participant Identification =Rudier (Vve Alexis) et Fils Participant Type = companies Thing Present Identification =The Monument to Balzac (S.1296) Thing Present Type =bronze Thing Present Type =sculpture (visual work) Date = 1925 Related event Role in Event =P120B occurs after Identification= Rodin's death Relation To = Honore de Balzac Relation type refers to Artist (CRM Core). Category = E21 Person Classification = artists Classification = sculptors Identification =Rodin, Auguste Identification =ID: Event Role in Event =P98B was born Identification= Rodin‘s birth Event Type = E67 Birth Date = 1840 Event Role in Event =P100B died in Identification= Rodin‘s death Event Type = E69_Death Date = 1917 Related event Role in Event =P120 occurs before Identification= Bronze casting Monument to Balzac in 1925

11 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus Example using DC, VRA Example (VRA Core Categories, Version 3.0). Record Type = work Type = sculpture Title = Monument to Balzac Material.Medium = bronze Material.Medium = plaster Date.Creation = 1898 Date.Completion ? = 1925 Creator = Auguste Rodin Creator.Role =sculptor Creator ?= Rudier (Vve Alexis) et Fils Creator.Role =Casters Subject = Balzac Description = Commissioned to honor one of France's greatest novelists, Rodin spent seven years preparing for Monument to Balzac. When the plaster original was exhibited in Paris in 1898, it was widely attacked. Rodin retired the plaster model to his home in the Paris suburbs. It was not cast in bronze until years after his death. Example (Dublin Core) Type = work Type = sculpture Title = Monument to Balzac Format= bronze Format= plaster Date.Created = 1898 Date ….? = 1925 Creator = Auguste Rodin Creator =sculptor Contributor=Rudier (Vve Alexis) et Fils Subject = Balzac Description = Commissioned to honor one of France's greatest novelists, Rodin spent seven years preparing for Monument to Balzac. When the plaster original was exhibited in Paris in 1898, it was widely attacked. Rodin retired the plaster model to his home in the Paris suburbs. It was not cast in bronze until years after his death. no connection

12 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus Example implementing CCO Example (CCO) Record type = item Class= sculpture Work type = statue Title = Monument to Balzac Material and Techniques= bronze, plaster Creator Display= Auguste Rodin (French, ); Rudier (Vve Alexis) et Fils. Role [link]=sculptor [link]: Rodin, Auguste Role [link]=casters [link]: Rudier (Vve Alexis) et Fils Creation Date = designed and produced in 1898, cast in 1925 Qualifier: designStart: 1898 End: 1898 Qualifier: castingStart: 1925 End: 1925 Subject = Balzac Culture= French Description = Commissioned to honor one of France's greatest novelists, Rodin spent seven years preparing for Monument to Balzac. When the plaster original was exhibited in Paris in 1898, it was widely attacked. Rodin retired the plaster model to his home in the Paris suburbs. It was not cast in bronze until years after his death.

13 ICS –FORTH, Oct.30-Nov.4,2006, Cyprus Conclusions CRM Core is a powerful simplification to capture large networks of knowledge  – by far more general and precise than Dublin Core  – only slightly more complex than Dublin Core Meaningful information integration More effective search and retrieval, in particular by historical context Compatible with CIDOC CRM and DC