Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Chapter 4 Time Response ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.1 a. System showing input and output; b. pole-zero plot of the system; c. evolution of a system response. Follow blue arrows to see the evolution of the response component generated by the pole or zero. ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.2 Effect of a real-axis pole upon transient response ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.3 System for Example 4.1 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.4 a. First-order system; b. pole plot ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.5 First-order system response to a unit step ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.6 Laboratory results of a system step response test ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.7 Second-order systems, pole plots, and step responses ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.8 Second-order step response components generated by complex poles ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.9 System for Example 4.2 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.10 Step responses for second-order system damping cases ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.11 Second-order response as a function of damping ratio ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.12 Systems for Example 4.4 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.13 Second-order underdamped responses for damping ratio values ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.14 Second-order underdamped response specifications ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.15 Percent overshoot vs. damping ratio ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.16 Normalized rise time vs. damping ratio for a second-order underdamped response ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.17 Pole plot for an underdamped second-order system ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.18 Lines of constant peak time,Tp , settling time,Ts , and percent overshoot, %OS Note: Ts2 < Ts1 ; Tp2 < Tp1; %OS1 < %OS2 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.19 Step responses of second-order underdamped systems as poles move: a. with constant real part; b. with constant imaginary part; c. with constant damping ratio ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.20 Pole plot for Example 4.6 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.21 Rotational mechanical system for Example 4.7 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.22 The Cybermotion SR3 security robot on patrol. The robot navigates by ultrasound and path programs transmitted from a computer, eliminating the need for guide strips on the floor. It has video capabilities as well as temperature, humidity, fire, intrusion, and gas sensors. Courtesy of Cybermotion, Inc. ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.23 Component responses of a three-pole system: a. pole plot; b. component responses: nondominant pole is near dominant second-order pair (Case I), far from the pair (Case II), and at infinity (Case III) ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.24 Step responses of system T1(s), system T2(s), and system T3(s) ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.25 Effect of adding a zero to a two-pole system ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.26 Step response of a nonminimum-phase system ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.27 Nonminimum-phase electrical circuit ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.28 Step response of the nonminimum-phase network of Figure 4.27 (c(t)) and normalized step response of an equivalent network without the zero (-10co(t)) ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.29 a. Effect of amplifier saturation on load angular velocity response; b. Simulink block diagram ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.30 a. Effect of deadzone on load angular displacement response; b. Simulink block diagram ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.31 a. Effect of backlash on load angular displacement response; b. Simulink block diagram ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure 4.32 Antenna azimuth position control system for angular velocity: a. forward path; b. equivalent forward path ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.33 Unmanned Free-Swimming Submersible (UFSS) vehicle Courtesy of Naval Research Laboratory. ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.34 Pitch control loop for the UFSS vehicle ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.35 Negative step response of pitch control for UFSS vehicle ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure 4.36 A ship at sea, showing roll axis ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.1 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.2 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.3 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.4 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.5 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.6 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.7 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.8 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure P4.9 (figure continues) ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.9 (continued) ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.10 Steps in determining the transfer function relating output physical response to the input visual command ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Figure P4.11 Vacuum robot lifts two bags of salt Courtesy of Pacific Robotics, Inc. ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.12 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.13 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.14 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.15 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.16 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.17 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.18 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.19 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e Figure P4.20 Pump diagram © 1996 ASME. ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e