How have we measured our success? Srilatha Batliwala (WEDO / Harvard University) with Lisa Veneklasen & Cindy Clark (Just Associates) & June Zeitlin (WEDO)

Our mission: To transform the relations of power between To transform the relations of power between Women and men Women and men Women of different social groups (class, caste, race, ethnicity, orientation, etc.) Women of different social groups (class, caste, race, ethnicity, orientation, etc.) Men of different social groups and their relations to women of their own and other social groups Men of different social groups and their relations to women of their own and other social groups

Our three big goals: Naming and challenging the ideology of patriarchy and other oppressive ideologies Naming and challenging the ideology of patriarchy and other oppressive ideologies Moving resources to women – especially poor women Moving resources to women – especially poor women Challenging and transforming the institutions and structures that reproduce and reinforce gender discrimination (family, community, state, markets, health care, education, media, etc.) Challenging and transforming the institutions and structures that reproduce and reinforce gender discrimination (family, community, state, markets, health care, education, media, etc.)

Seven key areas of success Raising visibility and voice Raising visibility and voice Unearthing the nature of gender discrimination Unearthing the nature of gender discrimination Increasing formal equality Increasing formal equality Creating and engendering international norm structures Creating and engendering international norm structures Building new institutional arrangements and mechanisms to advance equality Building new institutional arrangements and mechanisms to advance equality Building organizations, networks, movements Building organizations, networks, movements Mobilizing and empowering women in communities (substantive equality) Mobilizing and empowering women in communities (substantive equality)

Raising visibility and voice Bringing gender discrimination and inequality in economic, social, and political structures into public consciousness – rallies, marches, protests, media – making societies see the elephant in the room Bringing gender discrimination and inequality in economic, social, and political structures into public consciousness – rallies, marches, protests, media – making societies see the elephant in the room Breaking the culture of silence (domestic violence, rape, trafficking, sexuality, litigation, etc.) Breaking the culture of silence (domestic violence, rape, trafficking, sexuality, litigation, etc.) Putting new issues on the map (reproductive & sexual health and rights) Putting new issues on the map (reproductive & sexual health and rights) Pushing governments and communities to acknowledge gender discrimination as a pervasive reality Pushing governments and communities to acknowledge gender discrimination as a pervasive reality

Exposing the nature of gender discrimination Huge body of research to unearth the contours of gender inequality in social, economic and political spheres ( gender division of labour, lack of women in decision-making positions, wage differentials, violence against women, etc.) Huge body of research to unearth the contours of gender inequality in social, economic and political spheres ( gender division of labour, lack of women in decision-making positions, wage differentials, violence against women, etc.) Powerful new concepts and analytical frameworks (gender relations, triple burden, etc.) Powerful new concepts and analytical frameworks (gender relations, triple burden, etc.) Analyzing the nature of institutionalized inequality – ( womens access to public and private resources - health, education, asset ownership, political participation; institutionalized violence, etc.) Analyzing the nature of institutionalized inequality – ( womens access to public and private resources - health, education, asset ownership, political participation; institutionalized violence, etc.) Tracking specific forms of discrimination in different societies (Status of women studies, studies of dowry/bride burning, FGM, etc.) Tracking specific forms of discrimination in different societies (Status of women studies, studies of dowry/bride burning, FGM, etc.) Showing how women count (contribution to economy, social reproduction) Showing how women count (contribution to economy, social reproduction) Ensuring governments and international institutions to integrate gender-differentials in their data Ensuring governments and international institutions to integrate gender-differentials in their data

Advancing formal equality Campaigns and advocacy to remove discriminatory laws (marriage, inheritance, rape), policies (discrimination in education and employment) and Campaigns and advocacy to remove discriminatory laws (marriage, inheritance, rape), policies (discrimination in education and employment) and Putting in place new laws (inheritance rights, domestic violence, sexual harassment, banning female foeticide or FGM) and policies (womens development and gender equity, affirmative action) Putting in place new laws (inheritance rights, domestic violence, sexual harassment, banning female foeticide or FGM) and policies (womens development and gender equity, affirmative action) Enhancing representation of women in private and public sector, political institutions, etc. Enhancing representation of women in private and public sector, political institutions, etc. Precedent-setting litigation, prosecutions, case law Precedent-setting litigation, prosecutions, case law

Creating and engendering international norm structures Beijing Platform for Action, CEDAW Beijing Platform for Action, CEDAW Engendering and reshaping the environment, human rights, population, and economic justice / development debates and norm structures Engendering and reshaping the environment, human rights, population, and economic justice / development debates and norm structures Influencing and engendering other major global social movements (indigenous peoples, fair trade, human rights, environment, workers) Influencing and engendering other major global social movements (indigenous peoples, fair trade, human rights, environment, workers)

Creating new mechanisms and institutions for women: International institutions and mechanisms - UNIFEM, Special Rapporteurs, Security Council Resolution 1325 (on women, peace and security) ICC (rape as act of war, 30% women judges) International institutions and mechanisms - UNIFEM, Special Rapporteurs, Security Council Resolution 1325 (on women, peace and security) ICC (rape as act of war, 30% women judges) National womens policies, agencies, and commissions on women National womens policies, agencies, and commissions on women Womens police stations and special courts Womens police stations and special courts Quotas / affirmative action for women Quotas / affirmative action for women Womens development programmes / gender budgets Womens development programmes / gender budgets Equality measures in national and international statistical systems and development indices Equality measures in national and international statistical systems and development indices

Building our organizations, networks, & movements, engendering others Creating a breadth, depth, and diversity of organizations working on womens issues and for gender equality within countries and globally Creating a breadth, depth, and diversity of organizations working on womens issues and for gender equality within countries and globally Issue-based and broad-based networks of womens and feminist organizations (local to global) Issue-based and broad-based networks of womens and feminist organizations (local to global) Innovative formations and partnerships (DAWN, donor- womens movement) Innovative formations and partnerships (DAWN, donor- womens movement) Womens movements of different kinds (sex workers, indigenous women, women of color) Womens movements of different kinds (sex workers, indigenous women, women of color) Putting gender equality on the agenda of donors, governments, and other civil society organizations Putting gender equality on the agenda of donors, governments, and other civil society organizations

What is a movement? Aggregates of organizations are not equal to a movement. Aggregates of organizations are not equal to a movement. A movement has: A movement has: A political agenda; A political agenda; A membership or constituency base; A membership or constituency base; Some degree of organization (formal or informal); Some degree of organization (formal or informal); Collective or joint actions in pursuit of common goals; Collective or joint actions in pursuit of common goals; Some continuity over time; Some continuity over time; Activities that combine extra-institutional (marches, protests) and institutional (advocacy & lobbying) forms. Activities that combine extra-institutional (marches, protests) and institutional (advocacy & lobbying) forms.

Organizing and empowering women at multiple levels Layers of organizing work with poor, marginalized, minority, oppressed, excluded women at the grassroots, national, regional and global levels Layers of organizing work with poor, marginalized, minority, oppressed, excluded women at the grassroots, national, regional and global levels More than a numbers game – building a political base and the constituency More than a numbers game – building a political base and the constituency Often the least counted and weakest area of our work Often the least counted and weakest area of our work

Problems and dilemmas Hierarchy of what is success (which often diminished work (and resources) critical to movement building, but which doesnt yield quick, visible or measurable results: empowerment is too slow) Hierarchy of what is success (which often diminished work (and resources) critical to movement building, but which doesnt yield quick, visible or measurable results: empowerment is too slow) Valuing some kinds or levels of work rather than others Valuing some kinds or levels of work rather than others Validation of some forms of knowledge and not others – e.g. research-generated vs. women-generated (anecdotal subjective) Validation of some forms of knowledge and not others – e.g. research-generated vs. women-generated (anecdotal subjective) Increasing push for quantification and results-based approaches – Increasing push for quantification and results-based approaches – Low impact of even successful documentation Low impact of even successful documentation

The windows of change Individual Systemic InformalFormal Internalized attitudes, values Deep culture Access to & control over resources Cultural norms, beliefs, practices Laws, policies, resource allocations Community \ With thanks to: Aruna Rao and David Kelleher