JICA LGREP As of 02 December 20081/21Organization Development and Management

Topic objectives At the end of the session the participants should be able to: List and discuss the characteristic of organization; Explain the critical roles in the change process; Differentiate the various roles of the OD players especially the change agent; Understand the process of organizational development. As of 02 December 20082/21Organization Development and Management

Understanding OD Organization Development (OD) is the systematic application of behavioral science knowledge at various levels, such as group, inter- group, organization, etc., to bring about planned change. so that the organization can adapt to competitive actions, technological advances, and the fast pace of change within the environment. As of 02 December 20083/21Organization Development and Management

Question 1 What is the planned change for our community beneficiary? As of 02 December 2008Organization Development and Management4/21

Point 1 The planned change is to organize a BAWASA to undertake management of the Potable Water System. As of 02 December 2008Organization Development and Management5/21

Question 2 In your personal experience what can you observe in a newly formed organization and ask yourselves why? As of 02 December 20086/21Organization Development and Management

Point 2 Characteristics of a newly organized association: Low member participation Low compliance to policies, systems, and procedures (PSP) Insufficient PSP Inefficient/ineffective use of resources (personnel, time, fund) Ineffective leadership Lack of respect to leaders or elected officials of the association Unestablished support program and mechanisms from government and private sectors. Why? The Association is at its formative stage Lack of members’ familiarity to roles and responsibilities PSP under test run and for fine-tuning Lack of familiarity in performing roles and functions Officers and leaders lack confidence, are on OJT, and in the process of practicing/enhancing their skills in organizational management The Association is in the process of establishing track record and credibility – an important personality for establishing network and linkages. Organization Development (OD) is very necessary to take place! As of 02 December 20087/21Organization Development and Management

The end goal of OD … is for an organization to be more effective and fully functioning in which the potential of its members are more realized. It is a which results to purposeful decision to effect changes in organization. We need to undertake OD for a newly organized BAWASA. As of 02 December 20088/21Organization Development and Management

OD for our BAWASA therefore… Is all about creating changes consciously towards a clear vision. Is a problem solving oriented. Applies both non- systematic and systematic approaches by closely linking human resources and organization potential to technology, structure and management process. Focuses its efforts toward changes in the organizational members ’ attitudes, behavior and performance. higher quality of work-life, productivity, adaptability, and effectiveness attitudes, behaviors values, strategies procedures, structures As of 02 December 20089/21Organization Development and Management

Critical Players in the Change Process  Change Sponsor (the BAWASA leadership) is the formal leadership which legitimizes the change/s in the organization.  Change Agent (the CO Team) transducer between scientific knowledge regarding organizational functioning and change process.  Change Target (BAWASA HH members) Made up of people or group that must actually change. Change SponsorAgentPeople As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management

Roles of a Change Agent Consultant behavior which fosters client interdependence Consultant behavior which fosters client dependence Non -directiveDirectional Observer Facilitator Questioner Counselor Trainer Advisor Leader Judge As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management

Role as an Observer The role is characterized by the consultant’s being present at meetings or in a work area over a period of time without being an active participation. As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management

Role as a Facilitator works with a person or group more actively in order to help them work through problems or bring about desired change. As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management

Role as a Questioner This role involves the asking of searching questions and the raising of fundamental issues that lie behind the manager with the consequences of his or her actions or invite him or her to examine his / her basic assumptions. As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management

Role as a Counselor Counselors may use many approaches – some of them quite nondirective and others quite coercive. As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management

Role as a Trainer In the Trainer’s role, the consultant acts as a resource person for a workgroup or stranger group in order to help achieve some short- range learning goals. As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management

Role as a Advisor In the role of the advisor, the consultant becomes, in effect, an “assistant to the manager”. As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management

Role as a Leader Under certain circumstances, the designated leader of an organization may become so dependent on an internal consultant that the consultant, in effect, becomes the leader of the organization. As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management

Role as a Judge In the role of Judge, the consultant reviews the personnel policies and practices of the organization and evaluates them. As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management

Four Basic Stages Of Organization Development 1. Organizational Diagnosis 2. Action planning 3. Implementation of Plan 4. Evaluation As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management

OD Process Entry and Contracting Organizational Diagnosis Action Planning OD Intervention and Implementation Evaluation As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management

References Handout on Organization Development, PRRM North Cotabato, Cunningham, J. B. & Eberle, T. (1990). "A Guide to Job Enrichment and Redesign," Personnel, Feb 1990, p.57 in Newstrom, J. & Davis, K. (1993). Organization Behavior: Human Behavior at Work. New York: McGraw-Hill; Knoster, T., Villa, R., & Thousand, J. (2000). A framework for thinking about systems change. In R. Villa & J. Thousand (Eds.), Restructuring for caring and effective education: Piecing the puzzle together (pp ). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.; Koch, C. (2006). The New Science of Change. CIO Magazine, Sep 15, 2006 (pp 54-56). Also available on the web: Revans, R. W. (1982). The Origin and Growth of Action Learning. Hunt, England: Chatwell- Bratt, Bickley; Schein, E. (1968). "Organizational Socialization and the Profession of Management," Industrial Management Review, 1968 vol. 9 pp in Newstrom, J. & Davis, K. (1993). Organization Behavior: Human Behavior at Work. New York: McGraw-Hill. From The role of the creative outlook in teambuilding, Adams, John, In W. Brendan Reddy & Kaleel Kamison, (eds). Team Building: Blueprints from Productivity and Satisfaction, USA: NTL Institute for Applied behavioral Science and University Association, Inc., 1987 As of 02 December /21Organization Development and Management