Government Chapter 1
The State State Country Nation Nation-State American “Hyphen”
4 Features of a State Population Territory Sovereignty Government Consensus Territory Sovereignty Government Unitary vs Federal
Inequality Among States Developed Nations 1st world? Developing Nations 2nd world/3rd world? Interdependence
Non-State Groups Political Movements Multinational Corporations PLO, Al-Qaeda Multinational Corporations GE, Apple, Disney, McDonalds International Organizations The UN, Universal Postal Union, IMF
Purposes of Government Maintain Social Order Provide National Defense Provide Public Services Make/Control Economic Conditions
Politics “Who Gets What, When and How” Government Benefits
Constitutions Purposes: Constitutional Power Unwritten? Rules of Governance Highest Law Structure of Government Framework Ideology of Government Statement of Goals Constitutional Power Limited Government Unwritten?
Three Forms of Government Autocracy Oligarchy Democracy Form: Who governs? System: How do they govern?
Autocracy Monarchy Dictatorship Absolute Monarchy DRK Constitutional Monarchy Dictatorship Totalitarian vs Benign Military vs Political
Oligarchy Aristocracy Theocracy Stratocracy/Junta Plutocracy Technocracy Communism
Democracy Direct Democracy Representative Democracy Republic Vs. Democracy
Characteristics of Democracy Individual Liberty Majority Rule, Minority Rights Free/Fair Elections Competing Political Parties
Soil of Democracy Favorable Economy Widespread Education Free Enterprise/Capitalism Widespread Education Social Consensus
Modern Political Philosophy Freedom Order Equality Order Tree Equality Tree Freedom Tree Classical Liberalism Freedom Order Equality Welfare Liberalism Benign Fascism Order Freedom Equality Totalitarian Fascism Socialism Equality Freedom Order Communism
Role of Economic Systems What and how much should be produced? How goods and services should be produced? Who gets the goods and services produced?
Economic Systems Capitalism Socialism Communism
Capitalism Private Ownership and Control of Property Free Enterprise Competition Among Businesses Freedom of Choice Possibility of Profits
Origins of Capitalism European “Free Markets” Investments Adam Smith Cooperation for Economic Gain “Aggressive” use of wealth Investments Adam Smith The Wealth of Nations Laissez-Faire Consumers and Producers The Invisible Hand
Free Enterprise in America Not Pure Capitalism The Great Depression Preserve the Free Market 1/5th of all products are bought by the US Government Mixed-Market
Socialism Goals- Democratic Socialism Distribution of Wealth and Opportunity throughout the system Society’s Control (through the government) of all major decisions about production Public ownership of most land, factories and other means of production Democratic Socialism
Communism Karl Marx Command Economy Timeline “Scientific Socialism” Das Capital Bourgeoisie (The Capitalists) Proletariat (The Workers) The Communist Manifesto Violent overthrow of the existing order Command Economy Timeline Industrialized Nation, Limited Wealth Pool Dictatorship of the Proletariat Personal Evolution Single Social Class, Government Eliminated
Communism in Practice Marx’s “First Nation”? The Russian Revolution The USSR The DotP never ended The KGB Human Nature Never Changed China Party Congress Industrialization Fails Richard Nixon Tiananmen Square