Traffic Management and FUA integration Asia and Pacific Regional Sub-Office 2014 BEIJING, CHINA; 30 JUN-11 JUL 2014

Interoperation of ASM/ATFM/ATS

Interoperation of ASM/ATFM/ATS Provide Separation and Manage the Workload ASM Provide Capacity ATFM Balance the Capacity and Demond Consistency between ASM, air traffic flow management (ATFM) and ATS should be established and maintained at the three levels of ASM. Compatibility between ATC, ASM,ATFM procedures and timetables. ASM : Provide existing airspace and route structures a sufficient level of availability to address the various traffic demand ATFM : Ensure an optimum flow of traffic during times when demand exceeds the available capacity of the ATC system ATS :Organize the sectorisation in accordance with available airspace and route structures.

COLLABORATION DECISION MAKING (CDM) This philosophy of collaboration promises to become the standard in aviation In current era Aircrafts are more capable of accurate navigation than in the past ATC system is more capable of accurate and fast surveillance, direct and stable communication, automatic system and ATFM tools However Lack of civil/military coordination of airspace management has resulted in inefficient airspace use and limited use of aircraft capabilities and ATC capabilities Aircrafts are more capable of accurate navigation than in the past, Aircraft Using global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and Performance-based navigation (PBN),aircraft can fly between terminals and en-route phases of flight with negligible deviations. ATC system is more capable of CNS/ATM, the advanced automatic system, the application of ADS-B and other technologies to improve the capability of ATC system. We designed and implement the new routes, reduced the vertical and horizontal separations , upgrade the CNS/ATM system, apply the new technology, and the limited use of aircraft capabilities and ATC capabilities are still there, and the lack of Civil/Military coordination of airspace management become one of the most important elements which has resulted in inefficient airspace use. How to improve it? We need CDM philosophy.

COLLABORATION DECISION MAKING (CDM) CDM is essential for all the phases of ASM/ATFM Brings together airlines, civil and military aviation authorities，airports Improve ATM through Information exchange, data sharing and improved automated decision support tools. Accurate and Integrated Information and fully understanding make the right decision happen.

COLLABORATION DECISION MAKING (CDM) This philosophy of collaboration promises to become the standard in aviation. CDM enables information sharing and facilitates decision making processes by ensuring that stakeholders are provided with timely and accurate information, essential for the planning of their operations be it civil or be it military. For example, accurate estimates of arrival and departure times improve aircraft handling, apron services, stand and gate management, ATC and ATFM. Involvement of military airspace users and military airspace planners in national or regional airspace planning ensures adequate planning both in time and dimension which serves military aviation but also de-conflicts with civil traffic flows to the maximum extent possible. By enabling decision making based on accurate shared information, CDM increases predictability in case of unforeseen events or disruption. Properly carried out CDM also leads to optimum airspace utilization with benefits to all participants in the system.

Benefit of integration

FUA Contribution to ATFM Provide More Capacity and Flexibility Direct Route-Operational savings for flights due to reduced flight time, distance flown and fuel consumption Conditional Route-Route network optimization for the provision of ATS and the associated sectoring, which enable ATC capacity increases and reduced delays Flexible Management and Choice -More efficient air traffic flow separation procedure The processes related to flexible use of airspace involve optimum sharing of airspace under the appropriate civil/military coordination in order to achieve the proper separation between civil and military flights , thus reducing the need for permanent airspace segregation

FUA Contribution to ATFM Bypass route-balance and reduced ATC worked through a reduction of airspace congestion and the number of choke points Tactical Coordination-real-time provision of capacity in line with Airspace Users operational requirements Dynamic management-definition and use of temporary airspace reservations designed to bring an optimal response to military operational requirements The processes related to flexible use of airspace involve optimum sharing of airspace under the appropriate civil/military coordination in order to achieve the proper separation between civil and military flights , thus reducing the need for permanent airspace segregation

Civil/Military Coordination Build Trust -Minimize the Operation Constrains Release In time -Maximize the Airspace Utilization Give the priority -Provide extra capacity in case of bad weather

Three levels of FUA/ATFM

THREE LEVELS OF FUA FUA Concept has been developed at the three Levels of Airspace Management that correspond to Civil/Military co-ordination tasks. Each Airspace Management (ASM) level has an impact on the others

ATS Units and Controlling Military Units THREE LEVELS OF FUA Strategic Level 1 – Establishment of pre-determined airspace structures; CMAC and ASM procedures; Cross-border coordination and Separation Standards Pre-tactical Level 2 – Day-to-day allocation of airspace according to the conditions and procedures agreed upon at level 1 Tactical Level 3 — Real-time use of airspace National CMAC Body （Committee ） ASM Entity （Joint Cell） National CMAC Body：This body is tasked with the re-assessment of national airspace, the progressive establishment of new flexible airspace structures and the introduction of procedures for the allocation of these airspace structures on a day-by-day basis. ASM Entity：The ASM entity should take the form of a joint civil-military cell, if both civil and military authorities are responsible for airspace management in a given State. It can also be a joint cell of two or more States. States should provide to the ASM entities adequate supporting systems to ensure a timely and efficient ASM process. State should provide adequate supporting systems to ensure a timely and efficient ASM process. The practical application of the FUA Concept relies on national Airspace Management Cells (AMCs) for the daily allocation and promulgation of flexible airspace structures in the Airspace Use Plan (AUP) and Updated Use Plan (UUP), and on the Centralised Airspace Data Function (CADF) for the dissemination of information to aircraft operators ATS Units and Controlling Military Units: Consist of the activation, de-activation or real-time reallocation of the airspace allocated at level2. In this level, 1.Dedicated coordination procedures and communication facilities are needed to ensure the mutual provision of airspace data in a timely manner. 2.Common situation awareness is important to service provider and airspace user, and everybody involved should be notified. 3.Direct communication between civil and military ATS units should be available with a high degree of reliability, exchange of flight data, including the position and flight intention of the aircraft, should be available between civil/military. ATS Units and Controlling Military Units

Strategic level integration

TSA/TRA/CBA Availability FUA Principle, Policy, Rule FUA Airspace Structure (CDR/TSA/TRA/CBA) Civil/Military Coordination Procedure CDR1/ATS Route CDR2 Availability TSA/TRA/CBA Availability CDR3 Availability TSA/TRA/CBA Status

Pre-tactical level integration

TSA/TRA/CBA Availability FUA Principle, Policy, Rule FUA Airspace Structure (CDR/TSA/TRA/CBA) Civil/Military Coordination Procedure CDR1/ATS Route CDR2 Availability TSA/TRA/CBA Availability In pre-tactical phase, ASM need to check the available airspace(capacity) next day, firstly the permanent : ATS route and CDR1 which will not be closed the next day; secondly the available for next day: that is the CDR2, it is a additional part of for the route network and the systerm capacity and will be together with the ATS route/CDR1 as the base of the possible routing scenario; thirdly the alternative : TSA/TRA/CBA availability, it is a little bit duplicate with the second one , that means it can either be a part of the available capacity or the alternative for the optimized routing . As the one of the most important inputs to ATFM Daily Plan, it’s very important to determine the available route network next day, that means all plannable routes ( permanent routes/CDR1/CDR2) should be determined and delivered to airlines in time through a closed coordination process between civil and military. After that , there usually will be a CDM process among airlines/ATC/airports, to recommend , make choice and make decision at pre-tactical level to form the ATFM Daily Plan. Collaborative Trajectory Options is the common ATFM measure in pre-tactical level and be involved in ATFM Daily Plan, which is composed of a set of collaboratively developed, published, pre-defined routes. The set of options is an assistance tool that allows efficient route coordination to be held during periods of system constraint CDR3 Availability TSA/TRA/CBA Status

tactical level integration

TSA/TRA/CBA Availability FUA Principle, Policy, Rule FUA Airspace Structure (CDR/TSA/TRA/CBA) Civil/Military Coordination Procedure CDR1/ATS Route CDR2 Availability TSA/TRA/CBA Availability In tactical phase, ASM need to management the capacity in real time, for the SUA, ASM need to find out the available CDR3 as well as TSA/TRA/CBA status. In this phase, FUA is related to some of the ATFM measures: Rerouting( need to coordinate and check the availability of CDR) ,Fix Balancing( need to coordinate and check the CDR and available airspace in TMA) etc. Dynamically manage and release airspace to provide more capacity and reduce constrains exist in the whole process of tactical ATFM .It’s one piece of the whole pictures. In tactical phase, the teleconference is the popular CDM platform, and outcomes from the teleconference will be the ATFM Operation Plan which includes the route constrains , airspace(airport) capacities and associated ATFM measures. ATC will provide the sector capacity number based on the available airspace and the weather condition. CDR3 Availability TSA/TRA/CBA Status

This diagram shows the timetable of ATS/ASM/ATFM in pre-tactical phase This diagram shows the timetable of ATS/ASM/ATFM in pre-tactical phase. It’s a example from Europe.

Civil/Military Agreement Related to FUA The horizontal and vertical limits of the airspace concerned The classification of any airspace made available for civil air traffic Units or authorities responsible for the airspace Conditions for transfer of the airspace to/from the ATS units concerned Periods of availability of the airspace Any limitations on the use of the airspace concerned The means and timing of an airspace activation warning if not permanently active Any other relevant procedures or information It is recommended that States and/or service providers develop and document a collaborative process with users of restricted airspace volumes. This should increase efficiency by enabling the use of these airspace volumes by civilian traffic whenever they are not used by the primary airspace user.