Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Workshop Introduction and Physics at COSY-ANKE June 2012 | Hans Ströher (Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany) Workshop on Existing and Future Projects between PNPI and FZJ

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 2 Preface – Workshop PNPI and FZJ – strong partners  foster mutual cooperations! 3 rd Workshop (after 2001 and 2004); cooperations between PNPI and FZJ: Ongoing:  Hadron physics at COSY (ANKE)  Polarized antiprotons (PAX)  Technical developments: ABS, SC, LSP  Polarized fusion (together with ITMO, St. Petersburg; …)  Polarized molecules (together with Univ. of Cologne; …) Future:  Precision physics with COSY (TRIC, EDM, … FAIR)  Other fields: (i) neutron physics (ii) (nuclear) medicine (iii) energy research (iv) environmental research …

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 3 Delay of meeting to 2012 Preface – V.P. Koptev V. Koptev suggested and planned this meeting:

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 4 ANKE News #202, January 13, 2012 Dear colleagues, Most of you probably know already that our colleague and friend Vladimir P. Koptev died yesterday (January 12) on his way home from the Institute. This news comes as a terrible surprise and shock to all of us. We have seen Vladimir coming to Juelich for many years, first to build ANKE together with Otto Schult (and others) and later to use it in experiments. He was highly respected within the collaboration because of his deep insight into both the detector and the science as well as for his wholehearted commitment to the projects. He was appreciated by all of us because of his wry sense of humour and his friendly character. We realized that his health had degraded in more recent times, but we all had hopes that he would still be able to come back to Juelich once again in the Spring. We also had plans for a common workshop in Gatchina, which he now will miss. Our thoughts are with his family and his colleagues in Gatchina. We will certainly miss him a lot (…) Hans Ströher and Andro Kacharava (on behalf of the ANKE collaboration) Preface – V.P. Koptev

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 5 Preface – V.P. Koptev O. Schult first met V. Koptev in Gatchina in 1989; he invited him to Jülich V. Koptev started to visit Jülich in 1990:

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 6 Mostly, but not a complete one-way exchange V. Koptev (and his group) joined the ANKE-collaboration Preface – V.P. Koptev 6 th ANKE Workshop on Strangeness Production on Nucleons and Nuclei Gatchina, 2004

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 7 A scientific success story for the next 21 years! V. Koptev (and his group) joined the ANKE-collaboration Preface – V.P. Koptev 6 th ANKE Workshop on Strangeness Production on Nucleons and Nuclei Gatchina, 2004

Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Physics at COSY-ANKE In remembrance of Vladimir Petrovich Koptev Workshop on Existing and Future Projects between PNPI and FZJ June 2012 | Hans Ströher (Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany)

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 9 Hadrons (e.g., nucleon) are complex objects  detailed studies required ! Hadron physics was then (no longer) at its infancy: Introduction – Physics Hadron Physics is the part of structure-of-matter physics that deals with strongly interacting particles at the level of quarks and gluons

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 10 Introduction – Physics Hadrons: complex phenomena from simple rules – how and why?  Strong QCD, i.e. non-perturbative regime of strong interaction  Constituent quarks are strongly dressed by gluons  Importance of dynamic chiral symmetry breaking (D  SB) (  mass of the nucleon) The challenge of QCD – How does Nature make hadrons ?

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 11 Scientific method – deeply rooted in V. Koptev´s ansatz for experiments ( experiment ) Introduction – Physics An empirical science – experiments rule !

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 12 E.g., COSY, the COoler SYnchrotron at Forschungszentrum Jülich Introduction – New Expt´l Facilities

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 13 Characteristics of COSY COSY is a cooler synchrotron and a storage ring (Polarized) proton-, deuteron-beams with momenta < 3.7 GeV/c Phase space cooling (electron-, stochastic-) Internal and external experiments Introduction – COSY

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 14 Introduction – Experiments at COSY Experimental set-ups Internal experiments inside the COSY ring (+ TOF(external)) WASA ANKE PAX EDDA COSY-11

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 15 Introduction – Physics at COSY Experimental program COSY is the hadron physics (spin) machine using hadronic probes Nucleon-nucleon interactions Deuteron breakup Nucleon resonances Meson production Strangeness production (nucleons, nuclei) Meson-nucleon/nucleus interaction Symmetries and symmetry breaking Polarization build-up (…)

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 16 Introduction – Future Plans Search for Electric Dipole Moments (EDM) at Storage Rings: 1 st step: precursor exp´t, … 2 nd step: injector for dedicated EDM-SR JEDI Jülich Electric Dipole Moment Investigations

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 17 ANKE – History Early 90´s: a 2 nd generation internal target experiment at COSY 0° Facility at TP2 in COSY

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 18 ANKE – History Early 90´s: a 2 nd generation internal target experiment at COSY Facility moves to other side of COSY ring

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 19 From plans to realization: ANKE, the Apparatus for Nucleon and Kaon Ejectiles ANKE – History

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 20 ANKE – The 0° Spectrometer Technical description of ANKE Schematic drawing

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 21 One important feature of ANKE: K + identification („Koptev-method“) K + decay  = 12.4 ns Range telescope ANKE – The 0° Spectrometer

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 22 ANKE – Physics Program K + production in pA-reactions Part of an early letter (beginning of 90´s) of V. Koptev to O. Schult:

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 23 ANKE – Physics Program K + production in pA-reactions COSY PAC # 11 (II/1995) Proposal # 18: K + -Meson Spectroscopy with a 0°-Facility at TP2 in COSY COSY PAC # 15 (II/1997) Proposal # 18.1:ANKE: Study of Subthreshold K + Production – First Measurements COSY PAC # 17 (II/1998) Proposal # 18.2:Measurement of Momentum Spectra of K + -Mesons from pC-Reactions at T p = 1.0 GeV COSY PAC # 19 (II/1999) Proposal # 18.3:Subthreshold K + Production-Measurements with Heavy Nuclei (Spokespersons: K. Sistemich, V. Koptev) First ANKE proposal:

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 24 ANKE – Targets (I) Used for: inclusive K + production on nuclear targets Solid state (strip foil) targets:

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 25 ANKE – Results (I) Koptev´s original motivation  ANKE´s first physics paper (2001)

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 26 ANKE – Results (I) Analysis of all available pA  K + X data

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 27 ANKE – Results (II) Importance of final-state interaction (Koptev´s ratio-method) Repulsive in-medium (K + A)-potential (~ 20 MeV)

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 28 ANKE – Results (III) Further observations from proton-nucleus reactions (K+d) correlations: two-step- and cluster mechanism

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 29 ANKE – Targets (II) Used, e.g., for: K + production on protons and neutrons Unpolarized hydrogen and deuterium targets:

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 30 ANKE – Results (IV) Koptev-ideas for excited hyperons Y 0 * (1480) Line shape of  (1405) via (  0  0 )-decay

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 31 ANKE – Results (V) Use of (K +  + )-pairs: Koptev´s method for pp  K +  + n

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 32 ANKE – Results (VI) Charged kaon-pair production (in particular  ) in pp- and pn collisions

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 33 ANKE – Results (VII) A closer look at charged kaon-pairs Coupled channels (cusp)

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 34 ANKE – Results (VIII) (K + K 0 )-pairs Scalar resonances

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 35 ANKE – Results (IX) Further investigations: isospin symmetry; pentaquark No   (1530) indication ! Smallest cross section !

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 36 ANKE – Results (X) Back to nuclear targets In-medium  -production („transparency ratio“)

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 37 ANKE – Results (XI) pn  K + p  - (via pd  p sp K + p  - ) Unfinished: A clear signal of   (1197) is seen !

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 38 ANKE – Results (XII) Examples of non-strangeness experiments Not mentioned:

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 39 ANKE – Targets (III) Current and future focus of ANKE program Polarized hydrogen and deuterium targets: Storage cell Operation principle

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 40 V.P. Koptev

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 41 As of today (July 2012), ANKE has published 72 scientific and 12 technical paper in refereed journals V.P. Koptev is co-author of 40 of these; had 5 diploma-, 4 PhD students and 5 post-docs from Gatchina affiliated with ANKE, and he supervised a lot more in Jülich; has – to a large extend – shaped and led the ANKE (strangeness) physics program; V.P. Koptev

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 42 V.P. Koptev ( – ) We miss him and we will never forget him – his legacy lives on ! He was not only an eminent scientist, but also a strong character and – to many of us – a close friend !

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 43

10. Januar 2015 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 44 Preface – Workshop A tradition Previous workshops in Gatchina: June 21/22, nd ANKE Workshop on Strangeness Production in pp and and pA Interactions at ANKE July 8/9, th ANKE Workshop on Strangeness Production on Nucleons and Nuclei 2009Visit of a FZJ delegation (S. Schmidt et al.) to PNPI - …