WARM-UP On your handout, fill in the blanks with the Être verbs that fit. (Also fill in the blanks on the back.) e_____ s_____ t______ a______ v____ r p_____ a________ m______ r_______ r________ n_______ r_____ m_____ d________ d______ p_____ HOUSE OF ÊTRE “(DR.&) MRS. VANDERTRAMP(P)”

ANSWERS HOUSE OF ÊTRE tomber arriver venir rentrer monter descendre a______ v____ r p_____ a________ m______ r_______ r________ n_______ tomber r_____ m_____ d________ arriver venir rentrer monter descendre rester partir aller entrer sortir revenir retourner naître d______ devenir mourir passer HOUSE OF ÊTRE “(DR.&) MRS. VANDERTRAMP(P)”

D V A R N M D R E R S T R A M P (P) evenir enir ller evenir aître onter escendre R E ester ntrer R S entrer ortir T omber R etourner A rriver M ourir P artir (P) asser

Memorize the list ! Recognize that these are How do you know what verbs to use “être” with ? Memorize the list ! Recognize that these are intransitive verbs of motion or transition, where the past participle describes the state of the subject. (& thus agrees with subject)

Then, the past participle describes the state/action How do you know what verbs to use “avoir” with ? direct object When there is a ____________ Then, the past participle describes the state/action acted upon the direct object. Note: You will learn reflexive verbs later, and they still use être when there’s a direct object; however, there’s no agreement with the subject when there’s a D.O. …. but that’s later…

NOTE: There are a few of the “être” verbs on the list that CHANGE to using “avoir” under certain circumstances. Watch the examples and figure out when that is…. (Hint: The meaning of the verb changes a little bit, too.)

Elle est montée. Who is montée describing ? (Who moved?)

How would you translate the sentence ? Elle a monté les livres. What is monté describing ? (What moved?) How would you translate the sentence ?

Elle est descendue. Who is descendue describing ? (Who moved?)

Elle a descendu les livres. What is descendu describing ? (What moved?) How would you translate the sentence ?

Ils sont sortis. Who is sortis describing ? (Who moved?)

Ils ont sorti la poubelle. How would you translate the sentence ? What was “taken out” ? What is “sorti” describing?

How would you translate the sentence ? Il a sorti le chien. How would you translate the sentence ? What is sorti describing ? (What moved?)

RECAP: Elle est montée. Elle a monté les livres. Elle est descendue. Elle a descendu les livres. Ils sont sortis. Il a sorti le chien. Note: (PP like an adjective) There is no agreement with the D.O. because it hasn’t indicated what it’s talking about BEFORE you reach the past participle in the sentence. When do these verbs change to using “avoir” as the helping verb ?

Voila les fleurs (fp) que j’ai achetées hier. - There are times when the past participle agrees with the D.O. (Direct Object) that it describes – but the number/gender have to be indicated somewhere before the past participle is written. Examples: Voila les fleurs (fp) que j’ai achetées hier. J’adore cette pièce (f) ! Je l’ai vue le mois dernier. * (You don’t have to know how to do to this yet. Just know the difference between the main être verbs and the regular avoir verbs.)