Islamic Entrepreneurship Model Department of Sharia Entrepreneurship JMME Faculty of Economics and Business Gadjah Mada University Islam Propagates (Business Venture) Allah Prepared (Facilities) EXAMPLE EXAMPLE Islam Provides (Guidelines & Procedures) Allah Promised (Rewards)

Pendahuluan Dengan kesadaran dan keinsyafan yang sepenuh-penuhnya, bahwa tiap-tiap manusia terhinggapi oleh salah dan keliru kurang dan cela, maka kami mengharapkan kepada sekalian pengguna yang arif-budiman. Jika tampak ada kekeliruan atau kesalahan di dalam wadah ini, sudi kiranya dengan segera “lillah” suka menyampaikannya kepada kami dengan keterangan dan penerangan yang cukup, kuat dan sah. Harapan dan doa dari pada kami, mudah-mudahan tanda-bakti kami kepada Allah Azza wa Djalla” yang berupa wadah keilmuan sekecil ini, dapatlah menjadi bantuan tambahannya ‘Ilmu dan ‘amal salih yang sempurna. Aamiin

Definition of an Entrepreneur “An entrepreneur is a person who undertakes to do a job”. The term entrepreneur originated from a French word “entreprendre” was first coined by Richard Cantillon (1755). In Indonesia, the term “wiraswasta” is used to mean entrepreneur. Entrepreneurship involves not only the process that leads to the setting-up of a business entity but also the expansion and development of an going concern. The study of entrepreneurship is concerned with the entrepreneurial behavior, the dynamics of business set-up and expansion or development of an entrepreneurial organization.

Islamic Entrepreneurship Discussion on Islamic entrepreneurship is based on the following main topics: Integration Human nature Motivation Islamic business and entrepreneurs Islamic economic system Guidelines Exemplary conducts

The Concept of Integration Islam is a complete way of life. There is no separation between business and religion. Islamic entrepreneurship is part of the way of life. Muslims are encouraged to get involve in business activities. (9/10 rezeki adalah dalam perniagaan – Hadis Nabi)

Human Nature It is part of human nature to follow the teachings of their religion. In Islam, Muslims are required to fulfil two important duties, “ibadah” and “khalifah”. In Islamic entrepreneurship, Muslims are able to perform both duties. Maximizing profit is not the ultimate aim of Muslim entrepreneurs. “Islamic Man” versus “Economic Man”

Motivation Following the sunnah of ambiya and the companion of Rasulullah saw. Islamic entrepreneurship leads to the path of success both in this world and the hereafter. Success in Islam is not measured by the end result but also the means and ways of achieving them.

Possession of Wealth In Islam, possession of wealth is allowed based on the following principles: Allah s.w.t. is the absolute owner of wealth Allah s.w.t. has created wealth in abundance (melimpah ruah) and sufficient (mencukupi) for all Allah s.w.t. has created wealth for mankind Wealth is entrusted to mankind

Entrepreneurship as Ibadah Muslim entrepreneurs involvement in business is to fulfill an obligation known as “fardhu kifayah” Fardhu kifayah~ Unless and until there is an entrepreneur in a community, the entire community is deemed to be sinful. Muslim entrepreneurs bear the responsibility to provide goods and services primarily to the Muslim community and to others

Islamic Economic System Islamic entrepreneurship is part of the framework of the Islamic Economic System. Islamic economic system involves: Islamic banking Islamic insurance (takaful) Islamic capital markets Islamic economic system is based on Islamic jurisprudence.

Guidelines and Procedures Islam has provided an extensive guidelines for Islamic entrepreneurship activities. Among others: The principle of buying and selling The permissible types of business The principle of “zakat” in business Business ethics

Entrepreneurial Ethics Prevent laziness Eradicate fear/shyness Search for legitimate ventures Avoid unlawful sources of income Show gratitude and thankfulness Grow and develop wealth Diversify business ventures Avoid greediness

Entrepreneurial Ethics Avoid malicious behavior Avoid squandering (Hindari membazir) Avoid stinginess Pay zakat and alms (sedekah) Be trustworthy Pray consistently Tawakkal Patience Qanaah

Recommended Read Forbes Bisnis Indonesia The Edge Financial Times

Recommended Movie The Apprentice http://www.nbc.com/the-apprentice/ The Firm http://www.ntv7.com.my/thefirm/ Scr : Wan Nurhamizah Wan Zakaria, Theories & Concepts of Entrepreneurship

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