Emergency Management Before and After Homeland Security Money

Evolution of Emergency Management Before 9-11 Evolved from Civil Defense Evolved from Civil Defense Minor function of Fire or Police Minor function of Fire or Police FEMA directed FEMA directed Natural Hazard Oriented Natural Hazard Oriented Relied on relationship building Relied on relationship building Marginally funded Marginally funded

Washington State Influencing Events Mt. St Helens Eruption (1980) Mt. St Helens Eruption (1980) Severe Flooding ( ) Severe Flooding ( ) Inaugural Day Windstorm (1993) Inaugural Day Windstorm (1993) Chelan Wildland Fires (1994) Chelan Wildland Fires (1994) Murrah Building Bombing (1995) Murrah Building Bombing (1995) Snowstorm/Mudslides (1996-7) Snowstorm/Mudslides (1996-7) Nisqually Earthquake (2001) Nisqually Earthquake (2001) 9-11 Terrorist Attack (2001) 9-11 Terrorist Attack (2001) Hurricane Katrina (2005) Hurricane Katrina (2005)

EM in King County 1992 Manager with 3 years EM experience Manager with 3 years EM experience 3 Program Managers from non-EM disciplines 3 Program Managers from non-EM disciplines 1 Admin Support Person, 1 computer 1 Admin Support Person, 1 computer No contact with Tribal Nations No contact with Tribal Nations Focus was natural disasters and the Community Right to Know Act (Hazmat) Focus was natural disasters and the Community Right to Know Act (Hazmat) Only other EM programs – Washington State and the City of Seattle Only other EM programs – Washington State and the City of Seattle State and Local (SLA) Federal Funding covered 18% of the budget State and Local (SLA) Federal Funding covered 18% of the budget Basement of the King County Courthouse Basement of the King County Courthouse

EM in King County today Program Director and Assistant Director Program Director and Assistant Director 6 Program Managers 6 Program Managers 2 Homeland Security Project Support Staff 2 Homeland Security Project Support Staff 2 Admin Support Staff 2 Admin Support Staff 1 Accountant 1 Accountant 1 Public Information/Media Specialist 1 Public Information/Media Specialist Office is 46% funded by grants Office is 46% funded by grants $30 M facility dedicated in 2003 $30 M facility dedicated in 2003

Leveraging Dollars Homeland Security Dollars Homeland Security Dollars EMPG Dollars EMPG Dollars FEMA DOJ DHS FEMA again FEMA DOJ DHS FEMA again Changing interests: IEDs, Dirty Bombs, Nerve Agents, Interoperable Communications Changing interests: IEDs, Dirty Bombs, Nerve Agents, Interoperable Communications Improving capabilities that are all hazard in nature: Sheltering, Evacuation, Debris Management, Resource, Citizen Preparedness, Responder Equipment Improving capabilities that are all hazard in nature: Sheltering, Evacuation, Debris Management, Resource, Citizen Preparedness, Responder Equipment

Reasons Emergencies Go Badly No Plan (or Procedures) No Plan (or Procedures) No Training on the Plan (or Procedures) No Training on the Plan (or Procedures) No Equipment to Undertake Expected Activities No Equipment to Undertake Expected Activities Plan was not followed Plan was not followed

Other items that Influence Response No Confidence in Leadership No Confidence in Leadership No Confidence in the Plan No Confidence in the Plan No Experience with Equipment No Experience with Equipment Can’t find the equipment Can’t find the equipment Interoperability does not exist Interoperability does not exist Lack of Public Education/Expectations Lack of Public Education/Expectations

Tribal Interests Tribes are recognized in the King County Hazard Mitigation Plan Tribes are recognized in the King County Hazard Mitigation Plan Have the same emergency needs Have the same emergency needs Have limited human resources Have limited human resources Have limited physical response resources Have limited physical response resources Have limited experience in EM Have limited experience in EM Are often forgotten in legislation and regional preparedness efforts Are often forgotten in legislation and regional preparedness efforts

Tribal Involvement Today Have seats on EMAC Have seats on EMAC Are active in their King County EM Zones Are active in their King County EM Zones Are partners with the City of Auburn in Emergency Preparedness Are partners with the City of Auburn in Emergency Preparedness Are members of RPIN Are members of RPIN Are participants in weekly communications checks Are participants in weekly communications checks Are participants in training for ICS and Emergency Operations preparedness Are participants in training for ICS and Emergency Operations preparedness Are participants in countywide exercises Are participants in countywide exercises Are recipients of Homeland Security Grant support Are recipients of Homeland Security Grant support Have designated emergency management staff Have designated emergency management staff

Tribal Involvement in EM Policy Snoqualmie and Muckleshoot Tribe representation on EMAC Decide regional funding, strategic planning, training, and exercise directives Decide regional funding, strategic planning, training, and exercise directives Snoqualmie invited or sit on Training and Exercise Working Group and Shelter Planning Taskforce of EMAC Snoqualmie invited or sit on Training and Exercise Working Group and Shelter Planning Taskforce of EMAC Snoqualmie participates with KC EM Zone 1 Snoqualmie participates with KC EM Zone 1 Muckleshoot participates with KC EM Zone 3 and the City of Auburn Muckleshoot participates with KC EM Zone 3 and the City of Auburn

Tribal EM Improvements Incident Command System Training Incident Command System Training Emergency Management Plan Emergency Management Plan Communications Equipment Communications Equipment Disaster Team Protective Equipment Disaster Team Protective Equipment Dedicated EM staff with Snoqualmie & Muckleshoot Tribes Dedicated EM staff with Snoqualmie & Muckleshoot Tribes Invited to contribute annex to KC Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan Invited to contribute annex to KC Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan

One Person can’t do it all Tribal resources are where everyone else was in 1992!

Tribal EM Problems Not enough staff hours to do everything Not enough staff hours to do everything Not enough equipment for responders Not enough equipment for responders Not enough staff/money for Public Education Not enough staff/money for Public Education Emergency Operations Center management Emergency Operations Center management Plan and procedure revisions take time Plan and procedure revisions take time Seeking-Administering Grants takes time Seeking-Administering Grants takes time So many standards and requirements So many standards and requirements Shortage of experienced EM personnel Shortage of experienced EM personnel Acknowledgement of the importance of EM Acknowledgement of the importance of EM Other tribal priorities Other tribal priorities

Emergency Management Now The following organizations now have fulltime EM staff: King County, Seattle, Bellevue, Kent, Bothell, Federal Way, Renton, Kirkland, Shoreline, Burien/SeaTac/Des Moines/Normandy Park, Auburn, Kenmore (ESCA), Tukwila, Redmond, Port of Seattle Aviation and Marine Divisions, Snoqualmie and Muckleshoot Tribes, University of Washington King County, Seattle, Bellevue, Kent, Bothell, Federal Way, Renton, Kirkland, Shoreline, Burien/SeaTac/Des Moines/Normandy Park, Auburn, Kenmore (ESCA), Tukwila, Redmond, Port of Seattle Aviation and Marine Divisions, Snoqualmie and Muckleshoot Tribes, University of Washington

Emergency Management Now The following organizations now have part time personnel or personnel with multiple responsibilities: The following organizations now have part time personnel or personnel with multiple responsibilities: Mercer Island, Issaquah, Woodinville, North Bend, Snoqualmie, Enumclaw, Skykomish, Pacific, Black Diamond, Covington Mercer Island, Issaquah, Woodinville, North Bend, Snoqualmie, Enumclaw, Skykomish, Pacific, Black Diamond, Covington

Opportunities IEMC – Flathead Nation/Montana IEMC – Flathead Nation/Montana TERC – Tribal Emergency Response Commissions TERC – Tribal Emergency Response Commissions LEPC – Local Emergency Planning Committee LEPC – Local Emergency Planning Committee Participate in Regional Councils Participate in Regional Councils Develop trainers and give back! Develop trainers and give back! Integrate non-tribal Resources Integrate non-tribal Resources

Opportunities Continued Train with neighbors Train with neighbors Attend elected officials conferences Attend elected officials conferences Send Liaisons to EOCs to help Send Liaisons to EOCs to help Participate in Emergency Plan Exercises Participate in Emergency Plan Exercises

The Lure of Money How do I get it all done? The answer is not money The answer is not money When the money goes away, then what? When the money goes away, then what? The answer is relationships The answer is relationships Be sure to build your relationships Be sure to build your relationships Share your resources Share your resources Share your experienced people Share your experienced people Share the responsibility, Get Involved Share the responsibility, Get Involved

Contact Information Rich Tokarzewski King County Office of Emergency Management 3511 NE 2 nd Renton, WA (206)