Vocabulary Law of conservation of energy - Energy (E) CANNOT be created or destroyed, only changed in form!!! Energy = property of an object /system that enables it to do work Mechanical energy - due to position or the movement (PE, KE or sum of the two) Chemical energy - atoms, ions, and molecules and bonds Electrical energy - associated with current and voltage Thermal energy (heat) - the movement of molecules Light energy - associated with electromagnetic waves Sound energy - associated longitudinal mechanical waves

PS-6.1 Explain how the law of conservation of energy applies to the transformation of various forms of energy (including mechanical energy, electrical energy, chemical energy, light energy, sound energy, and thermal energy).

Law of conservation of energy Energy (E) CANNOT be created or destroyed, only changed in form!!! E can be transformed from one form to another, but the total amount never changes! E in = E out

Energy Energy = property of an object /system that enables it to do work If you consider the whole system, total amount of energy never changes

Types of Energy Mechanical energy - due to position or the movement (PE, KE or sum of the two) Chemical energy - atoms, ions, and molecules and bonds will change to another form of E during chemical reaction

Types of Energy Electrical energy - associated with current and voltage Thermal energy (heat) - the movement of molecules

Types of Energy Light energy - associated with electromagnetic waves Sound energy - associated longitudinal mechanical waves

KEY CONCEPT!!!!! Different kinds of energy can change from one form to another without changing the total amount of energy!!!!

Example: Electric circuit with a battery and a light bulb burning Chemical energy changes to electric energy Electric energy flows through the light bulb and turns electric energy to light and heat Energy in = energy out

Please Explain to ME!!!!!! What type of E transformations occur when a baseball is thrown to another ball player???? Player gets ________ from food and changes it to ___________ when throws the ball The work done on the ball converts the energy of the arm movement to ____________ of the moving ball When the second player catches the ball, the ball does work on the player’s hand and glove giving them some _____________ The player that catches the ball absorbs the energy of the ball and this energy turns to ____________. The total heat produced is _________ to the energy used to throw the ball.

Review!!! What does the law of conservation of energy state? When energy changes from one state to another, what happens to the total amount of energy in the system? What is defined as the property of an object /system that enables it to do work?

Determine the type of energy being described!! energy due to position or the movement (PE, KE or sum of the two) energy associated with atoms, ions, and molecules and bonds energy associated with current and voltage energy associated with the movement of molecules energy associated with electromagnetic waves energy associated longitudinal mechanical waves

Determine what type of energy transformation is taking place! When you eat food When you hit a baseball When you plug in a light When you go for a run and start to sweat When a windmill produces the electricity to run a farm

Vocabulary Mechanical energy (ME)- due to position or the movement (PE, KE or sum of the two) Gravitational potential energy (GPE)- Energy of position Kinetic energy (KE)– Energy of motion

PS-6.2 Explain the factors that determine potential and kinetic energy and the transformation of one to the other.

Remember - Mechanical energy is due to the position of something or the movement of something. Mechanical energy can be potential, kinetic or the sum of the two.

Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) Energy of position greater when the height is greater greater when the weight of the object is greater

Kinetic Energy (KE) energy of motion greater when the speed is greater greater when the mass of the object is greater.

Potential energy: energy of position Where does the boulder have the most PE? KE? Where is it even?

Describe the energy conversions in this picture: At the top: ¼ of the way down: ½ way down: ¾ down At the bottom: Is the sum of KE + PE a constant?

Where are PE and KE maximums in this picture?

Kinetic and potential energy convert to one another PE max PE max no KE no KE KE max KE max no PE no PE

Review What type of energy are GPE and KE? What is the energy of position? What is the energy of motion? What 2 factors affect GPE? What 2 factors affect KE?