Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Approaching difference differently in child and youth mental health.
Advertisements

Sports in Society: Issues & Controversies
Intelligence Step 5 - Capacity Analysis Capacity Analysis Without capacity, the most innovative and brilliant interventions will not be implemented, wont.
Modalities in Practice In Counselling and Psychotherapy An Introduction to Counselling and Psychotherapy: From Theory to Practice.
Postcolonial Theory Feminist Theory. CRITICAL THEORY an interdisciplinary social theory oriented toward critiquing and changing society as a whole, in.
Theory Applied to Practice
Family Systems Therapy
Types of Psychotherapy Part 2. Objectives Analyze cognitive therapy for disorders Analyze the Humanistic Theory Describe Extextential therapy Summarize.
© 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Generalist Practice and Introductory Theory Chapter 4.
© 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
CHAPTER SEVEN SOCIAL WORK PERSPECTIVES & METHODS Social Work & Social Welfare: An Invitation (2 nd ed.)
Dimensions of Human Behavior: Person and Environment
CULTURAL COMPETENCY.
INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
Chapter 7: Social Work With Groups and Communities.
Noynay, Kelvin G. BSED-ENGLISH Educational Technology 1.
Norm Theory and Descriptive Translation Studies
Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth Group. Brooks/Cole is an imprint of the Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Family Systems Therapy.
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy
Cultural Competence “Whenever people of different races come together in groups, leaders can assume that race is an issue, but not necessarily a problem.”
SECOND WEEK: PRACTICE FRAMEWORKS KWABENA FRIMPONG-MANSO (PH.D)
Moving from the Margins: Women’s Activism and Social Capital The University of Alabama Women’s Resource Center Elle Shaaban-Magaña Sharmeka Lewis Jessi.
Chapter 6: Social Work With Individuals Social.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Social Work Practice With Individuals
Focuses on trying to get inside the head of individuals in order to make sense of their relationships, experiences and how they see the world. The major.
Dimensions of Human Behavior: Person and Environment
Theoretical Perspectives
Introduction to Social Work Susan Mankita, MSW, LCSW Chapter 1:What is Social Work? Adapted from Farley, Smith, & Boyle.
Abnormal Psychology in a Changing World SEVENTH EDITION Jeffrey S. Nevid / Spencer A. Rathus / Beverly Greene Chapter 4 (Pp ) Methods of Treatment.
Chapter 2 Human System Perspectives. Theoretical Frameworks for Practice Theories about human systems Theories and models of change No one practice framework.
CHAPTER ONE THEORY IN SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE The Practice of Generalist Social Work (2 nd ed.)
Sociology: A Unique Way to View the World
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Person-Centered Therapy (Carl Rogers) Definition: “Person-centered therapy, which is also known as client-centered, non-directive, or Rogerian therapy.
Counselling Framework
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy
Jean Baker Miller, Carolyn Zerbe Enns, Oliva M Espin, Laura S. Brown
Class 5 – Feminist Theories Dr. Pemberton. Key Concepts of Feminist Therapy Problems are viewed in a sociopolitical and cultural context The client knows.
The Origins of Personality. Learning Objectives: 1.Describe the strengths and limitations of the psychodynamic approach to explaining personality. 2.Summarize.
Postmodern Approaches ©2013 Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning.
The Crossnore School New Employee Orientation CULTURAL COMPETENCY.

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
© 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Understanding Marriage and Family Dynamics Chapter 3.
Class 2 What is social work and what do social workers do ?
Community Practice for Community Change
The Horrocks Family. Roy Horrocks What do you know about Roy? What will your Initial Assessment reveal? Which other professional bodies are involved?
CHAPTER 13: Existential Therapy in the Treatment of Substance Abuse and Addiction Substance Abuse and Addiction Treatment: Practical Application of Counseling.
The Knowledge Base. Knowledge & Social Work We have learned that social work is not just common sense but is a combination of knowledge, Skills and Values.
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy TENTH EDITION
The Social Work Knowledge Base
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy
Chapter 12 Feminist Therapy.
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy TENTH EDITION
Chapter 7 Person-Centered Theory
Understanding Marriage and Family Dynamics
Introduction to Human Services
Generalist Practice Prof. Julie Smyth
Class 2 What is social work and what do social workers do ?
Critical Theory or Literary Criticism
Chapter 14 Family Systems Therapy.
Chapter 1 – Sociology: A Unique Way to View the World
Chapter 12 Feminist Therapy.
Counseling and Psychotherapy
Sociology: A Unique Way to View the World
THE THERAPEUTIC ENTERPRISE: CHOICES, TECHNIQUES, EVALUATION
Introduction to psychological therapies
LEARNER-CENTERED PSYCHOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES. The American Psychological Association put together the Leaner-Centered Psychological Principles. These psychological.
Presentation transcript:

Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. SOCIAL WORK IN CANADA An Introduction Third Edition - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Chapter 4: Theory and Approaches to Social Work Practice Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice What Is a Social Work Theory? Specific Theories of Social Work Psychologically Based Theories Toward a Personal Approach to Social Work Practice Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Using Knowledge To Shape Work with Clients A Social Work Theory is an organized way of thinking about the world that guides the way we carry out social work practice Traditionally social workers have been influenced by the medical model Modern social work theory has shifted towards assessment and intervention Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

What Is a Social Work Theory? In social work, theories are rooted in two knowledge bases: Foundation Theories: Organized ideas about the world that provide the basis for practice theories Practice Theories: Build on foundation knowledge, making it specific and relevant to the way we practice social work Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

What Is a Social Work Theory? Social work practice theories can be classified into two groups: Individual-level: Varied and complex Emphasize the individual and their interactions Focus is on what people do Structural-level: Emphasize social structures, processes and systems Focus is on social structures and policies that influence what people do Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

What Is a Social Work Theory? Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Specific Theories of Social Work Functional Theory Introduced in the 1930s by Jessie Taft and Virginia Robinson Based on work by Otto Rank Problems come from negative experience Problems can be overcome using personal power to effect change Emphasized the client’s role in directing change Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Specific Theories of Social Work Strengths-Based Social Work Introduced by University of Kansas social work professor Dennis Saleebey Each person has unique strengths and abilities and a capacity of growth and change Social worker supports client to recognize his or her assets Together, the worker and client collaborate to understand and resolve the situation Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Specific Theories of Social Work Social Systems Theory Places individual within a series of interdependent systems, like an ecosystem Social work professors Carel Germain and Alex Gitterman used ideas from biology and ecology to develop “life-model” People exist in particular environments Problems arise when there is a lack of “fit” between people and their surroundings Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Specific Theories of Social Work The Structural Approach Canadian development Originates from the work of Maurice Moreau Focuses on the impact of wider social structures on personal problems Involves a critical analysis of socio-economic structures, which oppress and exploit people Social worker must be skilled in casework, family counselling, group work, and community organizing Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Specific Theories of Social Work Critical Social Work Focuses on the impact of social structure on personal problems Must contribute to a transformation of everyday lives It critiques or unravels the societal relations underpinning our personal problems Introduced the notion of empowerment Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Specific Theories of Social Work Feminist Social Work Practice Women-centred approach that strives to understand particular experiences of oppression in relationships and broader society Mutual support, valuing diversity, and an emphasis on women’s lived experiences guide work with clients Origins in the women’s liberation movement of the 1960s Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Specific Theories of Social Work Anti-Oppressive Practice Bob Mullaly defines oppression as “the domination of subordinate groups in society by a powerful group.” Oppressive relationships exist at structural and individual levels Acknowledges the existence of oppression and the complex nature of our identities Not a single theory but draws on many traditions Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Specific Theories of Social Work Anti-Oppressive Practice – Common Ideas Both macro- and micro-level relations generate oppression Everyday experience is shaped by multiple oppressions Social work is a contested site Social work is not a neutral, technical profession, but an active political process Social work needs to build allies and work with social causes Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Specific Theories of Social Work Anti-Oppressive Practice – Common Ideas Participatory approaches between practitioners and clients are necessary Self-reflexive practice and ongoing social analysis are essential components of social justice-oriented social work practice Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Specific Theories of Social Work Anti-Racist Social Work Focuses specifically on how racism affects the lives of people of color Examines effects of racism by means of an economic and social analysis of relations between members of different groups Helps us to understand the individual effects of racism and the broader, structural effects Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Psychologically Based Theories The Medical Model An approach that mirrored a medical approach to problems Involved in-depth study of a person’s situation in order to improve his or her condition Most social workers located the cause of social problems within the person Taught person how to lead a more “moral,” ordered life Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Psychologically Based Theories Psychodynamic Perspectives Introduced by Freud in 1920s Norms and values of a society put limits on how people fulfill their own needs The id, the ego, and the superego work to fulfill these needs, but only in ways that are acceptable to society This creates constant conflict between human desire and the limits set by society Conflict leads to anxiety and irrational behaviour Person’s troubles are understood as result of internal pathology Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Psychologically Based Theories Existentialist Approach Based on 19th century philosophy of existentialism or the search for the meaning of life Life is essentially meaningless and without purpose Human beings create meaning and purpose People are intentional and deliberate in their choices to act People are capable of controlling and changing their lives Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Psychologically Based Theories Existentialist Approach Gestalt therapy is an example of an existentialist approach Human beings are defined by their relationships to others Relationships influence the way we understand and move through the world Support client to develop self-awareness and assume personal responsibility in order to reach self-actualization Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Psychologically Based Theories Client-Centred or Person-Centred Perspectives Based on the idea that clients are experts of their own problems Introduced by Carl Rogers in the 1950s Rogers was greatly influenced by humanism All human beings are good, worthwhile, and guided by a search for meaning and purpose in life Provide unconditional positive regard for client Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Psychologically Based Theories Rational-Emotive Psychotherapy Earliest form of a cognitive behaviour approach Introduced by psychologist Albert Ellis in mid-1950s Blended ideas from cognition and behaviourism Client is active in the process of identifying problems and working on ways of changing Help a client to see that negative emotions experienced are due to flawed perceptions of reality Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Psychologically Based Theories Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy Shorter term approach Behaviours are learned and shaped by our interpretations of the world Therapists work with clients to understand the thought patterns that bring about certain behaviours Focus is on problem-solving and promoting more accurate ways of understanding the world Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Psychologically Based Theories Task-Centred Model Developed in the 1980s A short-term therapy with a measurable outcome Social workers assess and clarify the target problem and desired outcome, then create a list of tasks that must be completed to resolve the problem Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Toward a Personal Approach to Social Work Practice What works for you? Integrative approach Eclectic approach Dialectical approach Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Toward a Personal Approach to Social Work Practice Integrative approach Select concepts and methods from various sources and theories Build a unified system that fits you and is appropriate for the setting in which you work Draw theories together that are compatible Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Toward a Personal Approach to Social Work Practice Eclectic approach Involves selecting concepts and methods Does not unify or integrate the pieces Selects various concepts and methods as deemed appropriate Extremely flexible Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Toward a Personal Approach to Social Work Practice Dialectical approach Involves a synthesis or combination of opposing assertions within theories Takes a balanced or middle-of-the-road approach Incorporates concepts from differing approaches Enables the drawing together of theories that may contain opposing assertions Oppositions are held in awareness and balanced Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Questions for Discussion What kinds of linkages do you see between the development of theories guiding social work and the development of social work as a profession? Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Questions for Discussion Discuss important factors that would shape the ways in which you choose theories that guide your social work practice. Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Questions for Discussion In what ways might you share your theoretical perspectives with your clients? Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Questions for Discussion Choose one theory discussed in this chapter. Can you identify a group who would benefit from looking at a social issue using this theoretical lens? Who might be disadvantaged using this lens? Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Questions for Discussion Social work theories draw on foundation knowledge from multiple disciplines. What are some ways that social work norms and values can inform models in other disciplines? Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Websites Association for the Development of the Person-Centered Approach www.adpca.org Critical Social Work www.criticalsocialwork.com Chapter 4: Theory & Approaches to Social Work Practice Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.