Who Wants to be a Genius? Final Exam Review

_________ are the longest subdivisions of geologic time. Eons Periods Eras Epochs

Which mountain range formed during the Paleozoic Era?. Alps Appalachians Himalayans Rocky Mountains

How do species adapt to a changing environment? By staying the same By dying off By evolving By natural selection

In which Era did dinosaurs evolve? Paleozoic Precambrian Cenozoic Mesozoic

Organic evolution Natural selection Artificial selection What is the process by which organisms with characteristics suited to their environments will survive and reproduce? Organic evolution Natural selection Artificial selection Transformation

Plate tectonics Mass extinction Asteroid impact Global warming What may have caused the Ice Age that occurred at the end of the Paleozoic Era? Plate tectonics Mass extinction Asteroid impact Global warming

In which Era did the Alps form? Mesozoic Precambrian Cenozoic Paleozoic

Changes in trilobite exoskeletons occurred because of: changing environments artificial selection competition for survival both 1 and 3

Reptiles evolved to withstand the dryer climate of the _________ Era. Mesozoic Precambrian Cenozoic Paleozoic

Eons Periods Eras Epochs ________ are marked by major, striking, and worldwide changes in the types of fossils present. Eons Periods Eras Epochs

Humans, marine mammals, and reptiles were all present during this Era. Mesozoic Paleozoic Precambrian Cenozoic

Pangaea formed at the end of the __________ Era. Mesozoic Paleozoic Cenozoic Precambrian

In which era did angiosperms first exist? Paleozoic Cenozoic Mesozoic Precambrian

Plates move apart at ______ boundaries Convergent Stable Divergent Transform

Scientists have observed that the plates move at rates ranging from 1 cm to 12 cm per ______. Century Decade Day Year

In order to complete a convection current, the rising material must eventually __________ Earth. Stop inside Cool Sink back into Warm

Continental drift states that continents have moved ______to their current location. Vertically Slowly Quickly Very little

The Glomar Challenger provided support for the theory of plate tectonics by providing___. High-altitude photos of existing continents Samples of plant life from mid-ocean ridges Samples of older rock found far from mid-ocean ridges Direct measurements of the movement of continents

_______ currents inside Earth might drive plate motion. Vertical Convection Horizontal None of the above

A ______ forms where two oceanic plates collide. Hot spot Subduction zone Transform boundary Rift valley

The Andes mountain range of South America was formed at a _________. Convergent boundary Divergent boundary Hot spot Transform boundary

The boundary between two plates moving together is called a _____________. Divergent boundary Convergent boundary Transform boundary Lithosphere

The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are located ____. Near continents At mid-ocean ridges Far from mid-ocean ridges Near Asia

The result of plate movement can be seen at _______. Abyssal plains Ocean margins Plate centers Plate boundaries

_____ are formed when two continental plates collide. Volcanoes Strike-slip faults Mountain ranges Rift valleys

The Great Rift Valley in Africa is a ________. Mid-ocean ridge Divergent boundary Convergent boundary Transform boundary

Matching ____ on different continents are evidence for continental drift. River systems Rock structures Weather patterns Wind systems

The crust and upper mantle make up Earth’s _______. Lithosphere Asthenosphere Core Continents

The presence of the same ___ on several continents supports the hypothesis of continental drift. Fossils Rocks Neither 1 nor 2 Both 1 and 2

Plates of the lithosphere float on the ______. Crust Asthenosphere Core Atmosphere

The hypothesis that continents have slowly moved to their current locations is called_____. Continental drift Continental slope Magnetic reversal Convection

Glomar Glossopteris Pangaea Wegener A lack of explanation for continental drift prevented many scientists from accepting that a single supercontinent called ___ once existed. Glomar Glossopteris Pangaea Wegener

Plates slide past one another at ________. Subduction zones Transform boundaries Convection currents Divergent boundaries

Seafloor spreading occurs because ____________. New material is being added to the asthenosphere Earthquakes break apart the ocean floor Sediments accumulate at the area of spreading Molten material beneath Earth’s crust rises to the surface

Density Magnetism Weight Composition Scientists believe that differences in ____ cause hot, plastic-like rock in the asthenosphere to rise toward Earth’s surface. Density Magnetism Weight Composition

Wegener believed that the continents originally broke apart about _____ years ago. 200 million 300 million 400 million 500 million

Active volcanoes are most likely to form at _________. Transform boundaries Divergent boundaries The center of continents Convergent oceanic-continental boundaries

The ____ is (are) an example of a transform boundary. Appalachian Mountains Himalaya Mid-Atlantic Ridge San Andreas Fault

One plate is forced under another in a(n) _________. Convergent boundary Subduction zone Mid-ocean ridge Asthenosphere

A(n) _______ is an underwater mountain chain. Continental drift Subduction zone Convergent boundary Mid-ocean ridge

One Two Three It doesn’t matter How many seismographs are needed to accurately locate an earthquake epicenter? One Two Three It doesn’t matter

______ is the force that squeezes rocks together. Elastic limit Shear Tension Compression

When the force on rocks is great enough, they break, producing vibrations called ___. Faults Earthquakes Strains Stresses

Secondary waves ____ when they hit the liquid outer core. Slow down Stay the same Stop Speed up

_____ faults are caused by tensional forces. Normal Strike-slip Reverse Elastic

The most destructive seismic wave are _____. Primary waves Secondary waves P-waves Surface waves

The amount of energy an earthquake releases is its ____. Seismology S-wave Magnitude Focus

The name of the instrument that records seismic activity is the ______. Seismograph Seismogram Seismologist Seismoperameter

Which type of fault is least likely to form mountains? Normal fault Reverse fault Shear fault Strike-slip fault

Scientists discovered changes in Earth’s interior by studying ___. Tsunamis Tides Changes in seismic waves All of the above

People who study earthquakes and seismic waves. Oceanographers Seismologists Shakologist Seismographer

The slowest seismic waves are _____. Surface waves Secondary waves Primary waves They all travel the same speed

Most earthquakes happen ____. Without warning In areas where earthquakes have occurred in the past Along plate boundaries All of the above

____ is the force that causes plates to move sideways past each other. Tension Shear Elastic limit Compression

Once the elastic limit of rocks is passed, they break and move along surfaces called _____. Faults Earthquakes Strains Stresses

_____ faults are caused by compressional forces. Normal Strike-slip Reverse Elastic

As a person moves further from the epicenter of an earthquake, the difference in arrival times of P and S waves ________. Stays the same Becomes larger Is reduced Is unnoticeable

Along a(n) ____ fault, rock above the fault surface moves downward in relation to rock below the fault surface. Normal Reverse Elastic Strike-slip

The _____ waves are the first to reach a seismograph after an earthquake. Surface Secondary Primary Tsunami

At a(n) ___ fault, rocks on either side of the fault surface move past each other. Normal Elastic Reverse Strike-slip

____ faults are caused by shear forces. Normal Strike-slip Reverse Elastic

All of the following will improve safety factors during an earthquake EXCEPT to _____. Study an area’s earthquake history Stand next to a window Make sure hot-water heater is held securely in place Take heavy objects down from high shelves

The point in Earth’s interior where the energy release of an earthquake occurs is the ___. Focus Epicenter Fault Inner core

Primary waves ____ when they hit the liquid outer core. Slow down Stay the same Stop Speed up

___ is the force that pulls rocks apart. Tension Shear Elastic limit Compression

Along a(n) ___ fault, rock above the fault surface moves upward in relation to rock below the fault surface. Normal Reverse Elastic Strike-slip

The _____ is the largest layer of Earth. Crust Mantle Outer core Inner core

The _____ is the outermost layer of Earth. Crust Mantle Outer core Inner core

The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a(n) ____ fault Normal Reverse Strike-slip Compression

Most of the destruction during an earthquake is caused by _____. Primary waves Secondary waves Surface waves Tsunamis

By their color By how old they are By how they were formed Which statement best describes how rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic? By their color By how old they are By how they were formed By where they are found

The word metamorphic means _________. “produced by heat” “changed under extreme pressure” “change of form” All of the above

Rocks that are produced when magma or lava cools and hardens are called ________. igneous rocks metamorphic rocks sedimentary rocks all of the above

The process that removes unwanted elements from metals. Recycling Mining Smelting Fission

________ types of minerals have been identified. Over one million Over 10,000 Less than 50 More than 4000

Rocks are foliated or nonfoliated depending on their ________ hardness streak layers or lack of layers cleavage or fracture

The rock cycle shows each rock ___________. on a continuing journey as it was originally formed as it is in recent times as it was millions of years ago

Which can occur in the rock cycle? Sedimentary rock is heated and squeezed to form metamorphic rock. Igneous rock is eroded to form metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rock melts to form sedimentary rock. None of the above

Fossil fuels include ________. natural gas coal oil all of the above

igneous sedimentary metamorphic all of the above Broken pieces of what types of rock are deposited into layers and cemented together to form sedimentary rock? igneous sedimentary metamorphic all of the above

A mineral that contains something that can be useful and sold after processing. ore gem rock mineral

Classified as igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic mineral rock cycle gem rock

A model that shows how rocks are recycled from one type to another. ore gem rock cycle mineral

A naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite structure and composition. rock cycle mineral rock ore

The most abundant fossil fuel is _____________. natural gas oil coal all of the above

A rare mineral that can be cut and polished, giving it a beautiful appearance. gem mineral rock ore

Remains or trace of a once-living plant or animal crystals sedimentary rock metamorphic rock fossil

Rocks that form when magma or lava cools. sedimentary rocks igneous rocks crystals metamorphic rocks

Rocks formed when older rocks are heated and/or squeezed. metamorphic rocks sedimentary rocks crystals igneous rocks

Rocks formed when pieces of rocks, plant and animal matter, or dissolved minerals gather into layers. fossils metamorphic rocks sedimentary rocks crystals

Solid that has a repeating pattern of atoms rock crystal fossil foliate

The amount of a fossil fuel that can be extracted at a profit using current technology. Renewable resource Reserve Inexhaustible resource Ore

Which mineral has a hardness of 1? talc gold calcite pyrite

Which mineral has a hardness of 10? marble amethyst diamond slate

Which statement applies to minerals? More than 4000 have been identified You can find them in your salt shaker Each has a unique arrangement of atoms All of the above

Which properties are not commonly used to identify minerals? Reaction with acid Mass and size Specific gravity Cleavage and fracture

A thick, black liquid formed from the buried remains of microscopic marine organisms. Alcohol Oil Gangue None of the above

The size of mineral crystals in igneous rocks _________. helps classify the rocks depends on the temperature at which magma forms depends on the mineral content of magma all of the above

This is usually formed of two or more minerals. gem rock ore crystal

This shows how rocks change from one type to another. Rock cycle Crystal growth Mohs scale Cleavage and fracture

Solids that have a repeating pattern of atoms are called _________. rocks intrusive coal crystals

Igneous rocks that form when magma cools below the crust inside Earth are called_______. Organic rock Chemical rock Intrusive rock Extrusive rock

Igneous rocks that form when magma cools on Earth’s surface are called_______. Organic rock Chemical rock Intrusive rock Extrusive rock

When the Sun, Moon, and Earth are in a line, the tidal range is unpredictable unchanged least greatest

Lunar eclipse Solar eclipse Waxing gibbous Waning gibbous This occurs when the Moon moves directly between the Sun and Earth and throws a shadow on Earth. Lunar eclipse Solar eclipse Waxing gibbous Waning gibbous

The phase of the moon that immediately precedes the new Moon is the first quarter waxing crescent third quarter waning crescent

What causes the water to go back into the sea after a wave breaks onto the shore? gravity friction density Coriolis effect

The yearly orbit of Earth around the Sun is called its tilt ellipse rotation revolution

Dark-colored, relatively flat regions of the Moon’s surface that were formed when interior lava filled large basins are called volcanoes craters maria sedimentary rock

The presence of maria on the Moon indicates that few meteorites have hit the Moon the moon has a dense atmosphere the Moon contains lava beneath its surface many meteorites have hit the Moon recently

This is the tide we have when the Sun, Moon, and Earth form a 90° angle. Neap Normal Fall Spring

This is when the Sun’s rays strike Earth at their northernmost and southernmost positions. Winter and summer solstices Spring and fall equinoxes Lunar eclipses Solar eclipses

Summer occurs on the hemisphere of Earth that is tilted away from the Sun tilted toward the Sun turned toward the Sun turned away from the sun

Earth’s yearly orbit around the Sun axis revolution rotation ellipse

A round, three-dimensional object and model of Earth ellipse sphere waxing revolution

The changing appearances of the Moon from Earth Moon phases waning ellipse rotation

Moon phase in which none of the lighted surface of the Moon can be seen from Earth New moon Full moon First quarter Third quarter

When the Sun’s rays strike Earth directly at the equator Solstice Equinox Neap tide Spring tide

The turning of Earth on its axis sphere revolution rotation Moon phases

New moon Full moon First quarter Third quarter

Waning gibbous Waning crescent Waxing crescent Waxing gibbous

Waxing gibbous Waxing crescent Waning gibbous Waning crescent

Third quarter First quarter Full moon New moon

Waxing crescent First quarter Waning crescent Waxing gibbous

Venus and Earth both experience this because of heat trapped by their atmospheres. Slow rotation Cloud cover Cooling effect Greenhouse effect

These are pieces of rock that strike the surface of a moon or planet. Meteor showers Meteorites Meteors Meteoroids

Solar wind Evaporation Gravity Nuclear fusion This took place in the center of the cloud of dust and gas to create energy that formed the sun. Solar wind Evaporation Gravity Nuclear fusion

Most asteroids are located in an area between the orbits of these two planets. Mars and Jupiter Mercury and Venus Jupiter and Saturn Earth and Mars

The Great Red Spot, a continuous storm, is located on this planet. Uranus Saturn Neptune Jupiter

This is the fourth planet from the Sun. Jupiter Mercury Mars Venus

The solid, icy part of the comet. Coma Tail Nucleus

Johannes Kepler discovered that the orbits of planets are this shape. Elliptical Circular Parabolic Spherical

Heart Nucleus Tail Coma Most of the frozen ice in this part of the comet vaporizes after the comet’s many trips around the Sun. Heart Nucleus Tail Coma

These are small pieces of rock that enter Earth’s atmosphere and burn up. Asteroids Meteors Meteoroids Comets

Asteroids Comets Meteors Meteoroids Evidence suggests that these originate in the Oort Cloud located beyond the orbit of Pluto. Asteroids Comets Meteors Meteoroids

People once believed that all planets and stars orbited around this body. Earth Mercury Mars Venus

Small pieces of rock moving through space. Asteroids Meteoroids Comets Meteorites

The eighth planet from the Sun. Saturn Pluto Neptune Uranus

A comet develops a tail for this reason. The solar wind The Oort Cloud Jupiter’s gravitational pull Earth’s atmosphere

This is the bright cloud that forms around the solid part of a comet from vaporized gases and released dust. Nucleus Coma Core Tail

He published the Sun-centered model of the solar system in 1543. Copernicus Galileo Kepler Columbus

This was left over from the formation of the Sun and formed the planets. Gas, ice, and dust Gravel Asteroids Solar wind

This causes a comet to develop a coma. Heat from the Sun Gravity The Oort Cloud Earth’s atmosphere

The positions of the constellations appear to change throughout the year because of this. The constellations revolve around Earth The Sun revolves around Earth Earth revolves around the Moon Earth revolves around the Sun

This makes Sirius the brightest star in the night sky. Parallax Apparent magnitude Color Absolute magnitude

The distances to nearby stars can be measured by using this. Color Absolute magnitude Temperature Parallax

About 90 percent of the stars in space are this type of star. Main sequence Nebula White dwarf Giant

Nebula Black hole Supernova Giant This is what a main sequence star becomes after it uses up the hydrogen in its core. Nebula Black hole Supernova Giant

The Sun produces energy by fusing hydrogen atoms into _____atoms in its core. Oxygen Carbon Helium Iron

Our Sun is not______. In a galaxy A main sequence star A part of a binary system A medium hot star

This type of galaxy has a shape similar to a football. Elliptical Barred spiral Irregular Normal spiral

All of the following are true of the Milky Way except that it_______ Is a member of the Local Group Has more than 800 billion stars Is 100,000 light-years across Is a spiral galaxy

Shorter light wavelengths Red shift Blue-violet shift “big crunch” This observation supports the Big Bang theory of the formation and expansion of the universe. Shorter light wavelengths Red shift Blue-violet shift “big crunch”

Parallax Absolute magnitude Apparent magnitude Black hole Although Rigel’s is greater than Serius’, Rigel does not look as bright in the night sky. Parallax Absolute magnitude Apparent magnitude Black hole

A region so dense that nothing, including light, can escape its gravity field. Black hole Supernova Supergiant White dwarf

These are dark, cooler areas on the Sun’s surface. Coronas Sunspots Prominences Solar flares

What type of galaxies are the Clouds of Magellan that orbit the Milky Way? Elliptical Barred spiral Irregular Normal spiral

What color are the coolest stars in the sky? Red Blue Yellow White

This is a group of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity. Local Group Galaxy Constellation Parallax

These are patterns of stars in the sky. Constellations Star cluster Galaxies Binaries

This is the large cloud of gas and dust that a star begins as. Nebula Dwarf Black hole Giant

Prominences, flares, and sunspots are all caused by this. Intense magnetic fields Electricity Earth’s orbit around the Sun Too much heat

The number of years in the sunspot cycle. 20 5 11 There is no pattern

Our Sun’s temperature and absolute magnitude place it in this range of the H-R diagram. Main sequence Red giant White dwarf Supergiant

The type of star system where two stars orbit each other. Binary Ternary Closed Single

The color of the hottest stars in space. Red Yellow White Blue

Huge arching columns of gas caused by the intense magnetic field associated with Sunspots. Solar flares Prominences Photospheres Coronas

What is the distance traveled divided by the time taken to travel the distance? Average speed Mass Speed Momentum

When you graph the motion of an object, you put ___ on the horizontal axis and ___ on the vertical axis. speed, time distance, time time, distance time, speed

When a toy truck collides into a toy car, the momentum of ___ is the same before and after the collision. the truck plus the car the truck the car the truck times the car

What is momentum a measure of? The amount of matter in an object The tendency of an object to change its motion The amount of force acting on an object How hard it is to stop an object

Inertia _______. depends on direction depends on momentum resists a change in motion of an object both 1 and 2

What is the speed you read from your speedometer? Instantaneous speed Negative speed Positive speed Distance speed

When an object with a momentum of 40 kg x m/s collides with an object with a momentum of 0 kg x m/s, what is the total momentum after the collision? 80 kg x m/s 40 kg x m/s 20 kg x m/s 0 kg x m/s

If an object is moving at a constant velocity and you want to change its momentum, you would change its _____. time distance speed mass

To describe velocity, you need to know ____. speed and direction speed and time direction and acceleration speed and acceleration

When object A collides with object B and bounces back, its final momentum is ___ its initial momentum. Greater than Less than In the same direction as In the opposite direction of

A bicycle with a mass of 50 kg is moving at 5 m/s. What is its momentum? 55 kg x m/s 45 kg x m/s 250 kg x m/s 10 kg x m/s

You travel 300 km in 3 h. What is your speed? 900 km/h 100 km/h 297 km/h 300 km/hr

What kind of acceleration do you have if your speed changes from 20 km/h to 10 km/h? negative positive forward backward

Acceleration involves a change in ____. time direction speed both 2 and 3

If you exert a force on an object in motion you will change its ____. mass momentum weight inertia

Acceleration is a change in __. velocity speed displacement position

On a speed-time graph, a horizontal line shows the change in speed is ___. -10 10 1

You are on a bike going 30 km/h and another bike passes you going in the opposite direction at 30 km/h. Do both bikes have the same velocity and why? No. Different bikes No. Going different directions Yes. Same speed

Describe the motion of a car with an acceleration of -5 m/s2 The car is slowing down The car is speeding up The car is going forward The car is going backwards

If you walk 6 m north, 4 m east, 6 m south, then 4 m west and return back to the exact spot you started, what is your displacement? 20 m 12 m 0 m 8 m

2 marbles hit each other. They bounce off of each other and roll away, but eventually stop. Does this violate the law of conservation of momentum? Yes. They stopped No. Momentum is still there, but friction caused them to stop

A car goes from 80 km/h to 20 km/h in 2 h. What is the acceleration?

Why does a feather fall through the air more slowly than a brick? Gravity Inertia Air resistance Momentum

What is the reaction force to Earth’s gravity when a diver jumps off a diving board? The diver’s legs push against the board Friction between the diver and water slows the diver Air resistance slows the diver The diver pulls Earth up

A 200-N force gives an object an acceleration of 10 m/s2 A 200-N force gives an object an acceleration of 10 m/s2. The mass of the object is ____. 20 kg 2000 kg 210 kg 100 kg

Air resistance ___ as you move faster. remains the same eventually disappears decreases increases

Forces that are equal in size but opposite in direction are ____. inertial forces frictional forces balanced forces net forces

Whenever a body is in motion, there is always ___ to oppose the motion. friction gravity acceleration inertia

According to Newton’s second law of motion, ____ F=mv F=m/a a=Fnet/m F=ma

If gravity did not affect the path of a horizontally thrown ball, the ball would ____. go straight up fall straight down follow a curved path travel horizontally

With action-reaction forces, ___ The forces are created at the same time Both forces already existed The reaction force is created first The action force is created first

The upward force on an object falling through the air is ___ inertia terminal velocity gravity air resistance

A 500-N force acts on a 50-kg object A 500-N force acts on a 50-kg object. The acceleration of the object is ___. 25000 m/s2 450 m/s2 10 m/s2 550 m/s2

Newton’s first law of motion states that an object remains at rest unless a ___ force acts on it. balanced net gravitational frictional

The statement “for every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction” is a statement of ___. Newton’s first law Newton’s second law Newton’s third law The law of conservation of momentum

The force you have to overcome to start on object moving is ___. air resistance sliding friction rolling friction static friction

The relationship among force, mass, and acceleration is stated in ___. Newton’s first law of motion Newton’s second law of motion Newton’s third law of motion The law of conservation of momentum

The tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion. inertia speed momentum friction

If you triple the net force on an object, the acceleration will __. stay the same double triple decrease

To keep a cart rolling downhill, the force of gravity must be greater than the _____ force. unbalanced balanced frictional net

A push or pull that one object exerts on another. Force Gravity Inertia Momentum

A rocket launching is an example of Newton’s _______. first law second law third law law of conservation of momentum

This figure shows a _______________ compressional wave decibel scale electromagnetic spectrum transverse wave

Point A in the figure is called a _____________ amplitude crest rarefaction trough

Point B in the figure is called a ____________ compression crest diffraction trough

The amplitude of a compressional wave depends on the _________ density of material in compressions and rarefactions distance between crests and troughs number of wavelengths that pass by a point each second vibration of electric and magnetic parts

Which of the following correctly states the equation for calculating wave speed? wave speed=frequency/wavelength wave speed=wave length/frequency wave speed=wave length + frequency wave speed=wave length x frequency

The SI unit for frequency is the ________ decibel degree hertz meter

Light waves change direction as a result of _____________ diffraction reflection refraction reverberation

The directional change of the light waves occurs because ________ light waves travel faster through air than water light waves travel faster through water than air the angle of reflection of waves always equals the angle of incidence waves carrying less energy produce light with lower intensity

Sound waves produced by a vibrating object are ________ compressional waves electromagnetic waves seismic waves transverse waves

Loudness is the human perception of sound wave ___________ frequency intensity pitch speed

The part of the ear that amplifies sound vibrations is the __________ cochlea middle ear inner ear outer ear

diffraction echolocation reverberation vibration The process of detecting objects by bouncing sounds off them is called ________ diffraction echolocation reverberation vibration

If the distance between the crest and trough of a wave is 2 If the distance between the crest and trough of a wave is 2.4 m, the wave’s amplitude is 1.2 m 0.6 m 2.4 m 4.8 m

Sound intensity is measured in _________ decibels hertz infrared waves nanometers

The brightness of a light is determined by _________ air temperature intensity of light waves wavelength wave speed

The shortest radio waves are called __________ gamma rays infrared waves microwaves ultraviolet waves

The electromagnetic waves with the highest energy are _______ gamma rays infrared waves sound waves ultraviolet waves

How much of the energy emitted by the Sun reaches Earth? All A small fraction Most Nearly half

This figure shows an illustration of a _________ compressional wave electromagnetic wave radio wave reverberation

The wavelength is the distance from _________ compression to compression compression to rarefaction crest to crest crest to trough

The more energy a wave carries, the greater is its __________ amplitude density frequency pitch

If angle i increases slightly, angle r will ___________ decrease disappear increase remain the same

The “normal” shown is a line that makes an angle of _____ 30 degrees 45 degrees 90 degrees 180 degrees

What is the human pain threshold for sound? 80 dB 100 dB 120 dB 150 dB

Theaters and concert halls often place curtains on the walls in order to _________ absorb the energy of sound waves increase sound reflection prevent refraction raise the intensity of sound

Light travels fastest in ______ empty space fresh water solids seawater

The intensity of light waves is a measure of the _____ distance the waves have traveled energy carried by the waves motion of air particles speed of the waves

Infrared waves Microwaves Ultraviolet waves X-rays In order for the human body to make vitamin D, some exposure to what kind of light waves is necessary? Infrared waves Microwaves Ultraviolet waves X-rays

As the frequency of a sound gets higher, so does its ____ intensity loudness pitch wavelength

All of the following are transverse waves except _____ gamma rays radio waves sound waves x rays

The electromagnetic waves with the highest frequency are ______ gamma rays microwaves radio waves visible light

_________ in the retina of the eye detect light and send signals to the brain. Rods and cones Hair cells Lenses Fluids

This is the transparent layer of the eye through which light first passes. Retina Lens Pupil Cornea

Retina Lens Pupil Cornea This is the flexible part of the eye that changes shape to enable the eye to focus on objects that are near or far Retina Lens Pupil Cornea

The material in which a wave travels is called __________. water air opaque a medium

A brick wall is an example of a(n) ____________ material. transparent opaque translucent medium

If an object looks green, it reflects ________ waves. all but green blue red green

Normal Incoming ray Reflected ray Vertical What is the name of the line drawn perpendicular to the surface where a light ray strikes? Normal Incoming ray Reflected ray Vertical

What kind of image is formed by a plane mirror? Inverted and not reversed Inverted and reversed Upright and not reversed Upright and reversed

What kind of image is formed by a convex mirror? Inverted and smaller Inverted and larger Upright and smaller Upright and larger

If light waves change speed when they pass from one medium into another, the light will be ______. diffracted reflected refracted separated

Which one of the following is thick in the middle and thin at the edges? Convex lens Concave lens Concave mirror Plane mirror

How many lenses does a basic microscope use? two four three one

Which of the following uses a lens and two mirrors? Refracting telescope Reflecting telescope Binoculars Microscope

Which type of instrument uses an objective lens and an eyepiece lens? Eyeglasses Microscope Reflecting telescope Magnifying glass

These can be used for different types of surgery. Lenses Lasers Diffractions Refractions

Waxed paper is an example of a __________ material. translucent transparent opaque medium

incidence-reflection reflection-incidence normal-incidence The law of reflection states that the angle of ______ is equal to the angle of ______. incidence-reflection reflection-incidence normal-incidence normal-reflection

This type of reflection comes from a rough surface. Angle of incidence Diffuse Regular Angle of reflection

The primary colors of pigment Red, blue, green Red, blue, yellow Magenta, cyan, yellow Magenta, cyan, white

Concave mirror Convex mirror Plane mirror Transparent mirror Reflecting telescopes use a ______ instead of an objective lens to gather light from a distant object. Concave mirror Convex mirror Plane mirror Transparent mirror

Convex mirror Concave mirror Concave lens Convex lens

Concave lens Convex lens Plane mirror Concave mirror

Plane mirror Convex lens Concave mirror Plane lens

Convex mirror Concave mirror Convex lens Concave lens

Convex mirror Concave mirror Convex lens Concave lens