Stem-changing verbs come in several varieties There are e-ie (perder, pensar, empezar, preferir, etc.) u-ue (jugar) o-ue (mostrar, volver, dormir, etc.) e-i (pedir, servir, repetir)

Look! These don’t stem change in the preterit! But remember – until NOW, stem-changing has only applied to the present tense! Look! These don’t stem change in the preterit! Present tense: Preterit tense perder pierdo perdemos perdí perdimos pierdes perdís perdiste perdisteis pierde pierden perdió perdieron volver vuelvo volvemos volví volvimos vuelves volveis volviste volvisteis vuelve vuelven volvió volvieron

There is a special class of verbs that DOES stem change in the preterit. These are -ir stem changing verbs.

There are 3 types of –ir stem-changers Type 1: e > i pedir: to ask for servir: to serve competir: to compete repetir: to repeat seguir: to follow

Type 1 (e>i) Type 1 stem-changes from e>i in the present tense. In the preterit it still changes, but only in the 3rd person Compare: Present tense: (boot) Preterit tense: (flat) sirvo servimos serví servimos sirves servis serviste servisteis sirve sirven sirvió sirvieron

Type 2: e>ie preferir: to prefer sugerir: to suggest requerir: to require

Type 2: e>ie Type 2 stem-changes from e>ie in the present tense. In the preterit tense it only changes in the 3rd person, but it changes from e>i. Compare: Present tense (boot) Preterit tense (flat) prefiero preferimos preferí preferimos prefieres preferís preferiste preferisteis prefiere prefieren prefirió prefirieron

Type 3: o>ue dormir – to sleep morir – to die

Type 3: o>ue Type 3 stem-changes from o>ue in the present tense. In the preterit tense it only changes in the 3rd person, but it changes from o>u. Compare: Present tense: (boot) Preterit tense (flat) duermo dormimos dormí dormimos duermes dormís dormiste dormisteis duerme duermen durmió durmieron

Food for thought All verbs that stem change in the preterit tense are –ir verbs BUT Not all –ir verbs stem change!!!! Ex: vivir, escribir, abrir, descubrir, etc. do not stem change. They are regular.

-ir stem changing verbs No you try it: Competir (e>-i; e>i) competir competí competiste compitió competimos competisteis compitieron

-ir stem changing verbs Now you try it: Repetir (e-i; e-i) repetí repetiste repitió repetimos repetisteis repitieron

-ir stem changing verbs Now you try it: Morir (o-ue; o-u) morí moriste murió morimos moristeis murieron