Atoms! Schwichtenberg
DO NOW Get out your graphing homework A student tests the amount of carbon found in the soil of 3 different types of plants and the soil without any plants. List the: Independent variable Dependent variable Control Group Hypothesis
DO NOW Get out your atom tutorial handout & your atom notes sheet Draw a picture with labels of an atom. Include this vocabulary: Nucleus Neutron Proton Electron
TASKS Quiz Complete graph (follow the steps from your notes!) Complete: A look Inside the Atom online activity (see handout and website) Schwichtenberg.wikispaces.com/home
What is an atom?
What is an atom? An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter
Structure of an atom
Structure of an Atom
So, how big is an Atom?
So, how big is an atom?!
A substance made up of the same type of atom is an_______________.
A group of atoms bonded together What is a Molecule? A group of atoms bonded together Bond: A strong force of attraction holding atoms together in a molecule
PRACTICE!
Using the periodic table
How is the periodic table organized? Periods: (Rows) Shows the number of energy levels Groups: (Columns) All elements in a group have the same number of valence electrons. Elements in the same group share the same properties – do the same “things”
Valence electrons: the number of electrons in the outer shell of an atom
How do we represent atoms on paper? How to make a Bohr model: 1. Draw a circle to represent the nucleus of the atom.
How do we represent atoms on paper? 2. Add more circles outside the nucleus to represent energy levels (electron shells).
How do we represent atoms on paper? 3. Add electrons (as small dots) to each energy level as allowed until you have the proper number of electrons for a neutral element. (# of electrons should be = to the number of protons).
REMEMBER!
DO NOW Get out your calendar Get out your atom homework Draw a picture of an aluminum atom.
Stable Atoms are stable when their outer energy levels are full.
Ionic Bonds Ionic bonds form when atoms lose or gain electrons. Sodium atom (Na) Chlorine atom (CI) Sodium ion (Na+) Chloride ion (CI-) Na loses an electron to CI ionic bond gained electron
Covalent Bonds A covalent bond forms when atoms share a pair of electrons. covalent bonds Oxygen atom (O) Carbon atom (C) Carbon dioxide (CO2 )
Lewis Dot Structures (electron diagrams) Write the chemical symbol Draw the valence electrons around the chemical symbol. **There must be at least one electron on each side before doubling up!