Investigation of Available Metadata for selected MDG indicators Cambodia Experience Lay Chhan National Institute of Statistics Cambodia CountryData Workshop: Building better dissemination systems for national development indicators Hotel Camdiana, Phnom Penh, Cambodia April 2015

Contents 1. Children immunized against measles 2. Maternal mortality ratio 3. Tuberculosis prevalence rate 4. Population using improved sanitation facilities 5. Youth unemployment rate

1. Children immunized against measles Definition: It refers to the proportion of children under 1 year who received measles vaccination (source: MOH). Method of computation: Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey (CDHS): Number of children months who received measles vaccination before their first birthday divided the total number of children months and multiply the result by 100 (source (CDHS, NIS). Health Management Information System (HMIS): Number of children who were fully immunized before their first birthday divided the total number of children under 1 year and multiply the result by 100 (source: MOH, 2013).

1. Children immunized against measles (cont.) Data collection and source: two data sources are available: CDHS jointly conducted by National Institute of Statistics (NIS) and Ministry of Health (every five years) in 2000, 2005 & HIS (Health Information System), maintaining by Ministry of Health (MOH) which data were collected through public health facilities (national, provincial, district hospitals and health centers).

2. Maternal mortality ratio Definition: It refers to the annual number of female deaths from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management (excluding accidental and incidental causes) during pregnancy and childbirth or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, per 100,000 live birth, for a specified year (source: MOH, 2013).

2. Maternal mortality ratio (Cont.) Method of computation: Number of maternal deaths Maternal mortality ratio = x 100,000 Total number of live births Data collection and source: CDHS (Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey) jointly conducted by National Institute of Statistics and Ministry of Health (every five years) in 2000, 2005 & 2010 Population Census conducted by National Institute of Statistics (very ten years) in 1988 & 2008 HIS Reported data: NIS reported data are based on the CDHS and Population Census data.

3. Tuberculosis prevalence rate Definition: It refers to the estimated number of all forms of tuberculosis within the population, including pulmonary (smear positive and negative), and extra pulmonary as well as case of TB in people with HIV (source: MOH, 2013). Method of computation: It is calculated for countries through an analytic process led by WHO where TB prevalence = incidence x proportion of incident cases that expressed per 100,000 population (source: MOH, 2013).

3. Tuberculosis prevalence rate (Cont.) Data collection and source: National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control(CENAT), Ministry of Health (MOH). Reported data: NIS reported data is based solely on annual report published by CENAT/MOH. It is also noted that according to the CENAT annual progress report, TB prevalence covered mainly smear positive TB cases.

4. Population using improved sanitation facilities Definition: Is defined as the percentage of the population using an improved sanitation facility. Improved sanitation facility is the facility that is private owned by the household and that can effectively separate human excreta from human contact. Types of improved sanitation facilities: Pour flush/flush connected to sewerage Pour flush/flush connected to septic tank Pit latrine with slab

4. Population using improved sanitation facilities (Cont.) Method of computation: it was calculated by dividing the number of people using improved sanitation facilities to the total population and multiply the result by 100. Data source: CSES conducted by NIS in , 1996, 1997, 1999, 2004, and yearly conducted CDHS conducted by NIS every five years (2005, 2010 & 2010) Inter-Censual Population Survey (CIPS) conducted by NIS in 2003 & 2013 Population Census conducted by NIS every ten years (1998 & 2008) Reported data: It is noted that NIS reported data is based solely on CSES.

5. Youth unemployment rate Definition: Is defined as the percentage of unemployed persons age yeas old to total economically active population (in the labor force) in the same age group. Unemployed persons are persons in the labor force who did not work or had no job or business during the reference period, the past seven days, but were reported available and actively seeking work. Also considered as unemployed are persons without job or business who were reported as available or because of temporary illness/disability, bad weather, pending job application or waiting for job interview (Source: CSES).

5. Youth unemployment rate (Cont.) Method of computation: Unemployed population (15-24) Youth unemployment rate = x 100 Total labor force (15-24) Data source: CSES conducted by NIS in , 1996, 1997, 1999, 2004, and yearly conducted CDHS conducted by NIS every five years (2005, 2010 & 2010) Cambodia Labor Force Survey (CLFS), conducted by NIS in 2012 Inter-Censual Population Survey (CIPS), conducted by NIS in 2003 & 2013 Population Census conducted by NIS every ten years (1998 & 2008) Reported data: It is noted that NIS reported data is based solely on CSES

6. Some observations and issues for consideration The definition of improved sanitation facilities was differed and changed over the time due to different surveys were collected data for the same indicator Estimated/reported data for an indicator in general is based directly/solely on survey or census, while data available for the indicator can be found from many sources Lack of availability of statistics with technical notes in most line ministries who produced the data Lack of harmonization and standardization of concepts and definitions, methodologies and classification within NIS as well as within NSS Technical assistance is crucial to review or revision of concepts, definitions and method of measurements

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