Introduction to nuclear and particle physics Gerd Petzoldt (tutorials) Oliver Zimmer (lecture)

Schedule WS 2004/05 Physics of the atomic nucleus Particle physics Introduction – an appetizer Physics of the atomic nucleus A first view on nuclear properties Particle accelerators Scattering processes Geometrical shape of the nucleus Nuclear decays Models of the nucleus Nuclear magnetic resonance Nuclear reactions Nucleosynthesis Nuclear forces Particle physics

Systems, sizes: :Energy-spectra Povh et al., „Particles & nuclei“

Fundamental interactions

Some useful books Povh, Rith, Scholz, Zetsche: Krane: Particles and nuclei (Springer 1999) Frauenfelder, Henley: Subatomic physics (Prentice Hall 1999) Segre: Nuclei and particles (Benjamin 1965) Perkins: Introduction to high energy physics (Addison Wesley 1986) Krane: Introductory nuclear physics (Wiley & Sons 1987) Halzen, Martin: Quarks and leptons (Wiley & Sons 1984) Kane: Modern elementary particle physics (Addison Wesley 1987)

The nuclear chart

500 MeV electrons: 10 meV neutrons: Atomic nuclei Macromolecules (a few 10-15 m) (a few 10-9 m) ILL annual report 1996 (soft matter) www.ill.fr

Inelastic electron-proton scattering Exciting the proton: Inelastic electron-proton scattering Povh et al., „Particles & nuclei“

Spectra of positronium and charmonium (Povh et al., Particles & nuclei)

...Applications 3He magnetic resonance imaging of the lung Non-smoker Light smoker Mainz University and University hospital Mainz, 1999

Instrumental developments

Questions, you should (hopefully will) be able to answer after this lecture: From where do we know about the age of the universe? How are the chemical elements created? Why does the sun shine, and why so long? Why are free neutrons unstable but many atomic nuclei stable? What are fundamental particles and forces? How does application of magnetic fields provide us with pictures from inside our bodies?

1. Introduction – an appetizer i. Hierarchical order of matter Fundamental particles and forces iii. Composite systems Understanding our Universe Applications of subatomic physics