Enzymes

Enzymes Enzymes are made of PROTEINS. Catalyst------Enzymes act as catalysts. They speed up the rate of a chemical reaction but they are NOT changed themselves.

Enzymes Enzymes end in “-ase” Enzymes are named for what they work on.

Substrate Substrate ----What an enzyme works on. ENZYME SUBSTRATE Maltase Maltose Lipase Lipids Protease Proteins Lactase Lactose

Active Site The place on the enzyme that binds to the substrate.

Enzyme-Substrate Complex When the enzyme and substrate are combined (the reaction is about to take place)

Lock and Key Model Enzymes have a specific shape. The shape of the enzyme perfectly fits together with the shape of its substrate.

The Big Picture

Factors That Affect Enzymes pH A T

pH Different enzymes work best at different pH.

The speed of the reaction of that enzyme. Amount Amount of enzymes present Amount of substrates present Determines The speed of the reaction of that enzyme.

Temperature Different enzymes work best at different temperatures.

Denature Denature: When an enzyme’s shape is changed so it no longer works.

Denature It becomes denatured if: Temperature is too hot or cold Too Acidic or Basic Too much or little substrate