Lesson aims: To recognise the social, economic and environmental characteristics of the biggest slum in Africa – Kibera To describe the challenges faced by people living in Kibera To explain how the slum of Kibera could provide opportunities for the people living there

Where would you expect to see a slum area? India, Brazil, Africa, - in most countries Where would you expect to see a slum area?

Where is Kibera?

What is a slum? Write down your definition of a slum A slum is a highly populated residential area with closely packed decrepit housing units in a situation of deteriorated or incomplete infrastructure, inhabited primarily by impoverished persons. Most lack sanitation, clean water, electricity and other basic services. It is currently estimated that over 1 billion people live in a slum, with this estimated to continue to grow to 2 billion by 2030 and 3 billion by 2050 if current trends persist Most slums are located in or around urban centres. Slums are usually illegal settlements built on the outskirts of a city or on places such as rubbish dumps, the side of a river, or on slopes. Houses are made of collected materials or rubbish and put together with these 2 min clip of showing Kibera slum https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sDeDpk-5H5w

Kibera Slum outside of Nairobi Use Barleston visit video

What do you think it would be like to live here Kibera slum: What words could you use to describe what you see here? What do you think it would be like to live here

A typical home in Kibera

Toilets in Kibera: Discuss the issues these images portray

Streams are polluted – pigs roam in this stream Streams are polluted – pigs roam in this stream. It is full of plastic, black sewage and bottles. Discuss the implications of this. Feedback

Kibera

Images that reflect Kibera

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zK1xh5LJBuo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jQeKEGrDoQ4 4 mins

What are the challenges that people in Kibera face? Spread of diseases Malnutrition Lack of fresh water to each dwelling Lack of sanitation Low income – poor nutrition Waste products found in alleyways between dwellings and by the side of roads – causes diseases People cook using charcoal braziers or wood fire – potential fire hazard Education and health care have to be paid for – many parents don’t have the income – many earn about $1 a day and they have to pay for their water/rent/food High mortality rate Children play amongst rubbish/sewage People have no legal right to the land. The Government has bulldozed houses near Kibera to push a road through it.

Produce a table with the 3 headings below – then list the characteristics of Kibera slum under these headings Social Economic Environmental

Environmental Poor sanitation Lack of clean water No drainage – floods when it rains sewage Limited electricity Close proximity High average temperature Unsafe buildings Economic Small businesses Less employment opportunities Limited wages Everything has to be paid for – education, medical, water, housing, toilets tourism Social large families sense of community - solidarity over crowding stigma cook outside – lots of interaction with neighbours close living – leads to diseases social exclusion discrimination

Government bulldoze houses to make way for a road Government bulldoze houses to make way for a road. This has pushed more people into the overcrowded slum area.

City of Nairobi

Kibera Nairobi Compare the two. In your books make a list of the similarities (if any) and the differences you have observed. If you lived in Kibera – what would you write to the Government in Nairobi about your living conditions. Write your letter.

Extension: What opportunities could living in the slum in Kibera provide for the people there Water plant Water carriers Small businesses

Water Project

If time: Look at schools, the work of Feed the Hungry and what they do to help

Kibera Schools

One of the classrooms

Schools in Kibera

Classrooms

Feeding the children at Soweto

Cook House

Girls Lodgings

What needs to be done? Provide food and give people the tools to develop their own food chains Education Nearly 750 million girls and women alive today around the world were married before the age of 18. Rates of child marriage have declined in wealthier populations, but high levels of child marriage persist amongst the world’s poorest populations. While billions enjoy an affluent style, more than a tenth of the world’s population live in extreme poverty today. Those people are almost always at greatest risk from environmental damage, climate change and competition for resources. The effects of unsustainable population hit the poorest first, and hardest. Water and sanitation Environmental damage can have wider impacts. For instance, in places where there is no water supply and no refuse collection, people are obliged to use and discard plastic packaging or bottles, sometimes in waterways, contributing to plastic pollution in the oceans Jobs Fair Trade Health care Sustainability Sustainable farming Enterprise working

What Feed the Hungry do? Sustainable Farming

What we do... Food Packing Events. And clothes Packing

We provide feeding bowls and sporks in refugee camps and schools across the world with the food we send the children A Refugee camp in Uganda, these children have fled South Sudan due to war, many are orphaned and have made the long journey into a new country alone

Kibera Needs Basic needs Educational needs we are helping to meet Food Clean drinking water Sanitation Health Care Employment Educational needs we are helping to meet New kitchen area to cook meals Sewing machines to make uniforms and therefore giving the tools for the women in the Kibera Community to sew Purchase of Computers Computer lab equipment – desks and chairs Science Lab equipment School Text books for teen girls for exam preparation More beds to accommodate more girls in the lodgings

World Facts on Hunger 5 / 11/ 50 out of 100 people are hungry on a daily basis 185/150/75 million people are living in chronic hunger

World Facts on Hunger 11 out of 100 people are hungry on a daily basis 185 million people are living in chronic hunger

World Facts on Hunger 10 / 85/ 66 Million children who are primary school age attend school hungry. 23/ 25/ 30 Million of those children live in Africa

World Facts on Hunger 66 Million children who are primary school age attend school hungry. 23 Million of those children live in Africa

World Facts on Hunger 128 / 156 /217 / million children are not growing physically because they do not have enough food to eat.

World Facts on Hunger 156 million children are not growing physically because they do not have enough food to eat.

World Facts on Hunger 11 out of 100 people are hungry on a daily basis 66 Million children who are primary school age attend school hungry. 23 Million of those children live in Africa 156 million children are not growing physically because they do not have enough food to eat.

What are the causes of this level of hunger? Talk about war, greed, power, dictatorship, world disasters

General Information on Malnutrition Two billion people in the world suffer from various forms of malnutrition. Malnutrition is an underlying cause of death of 2.6 million children each year – a third of child deaths globally. 1 in 4 of the world's children are stunted; in developing countries this is as high as one in three. Undernutrition accounts for 11 per cent of the global burden of disease and is considered the number one risk to health worldwide